The cruise tourism industry has experienced significant growth in recent years and has a very positive outlook for the future. However, its environmental impact requires a review of its sustainability, including the analysis of its social, economic and environmental balance, and the evaluation of its impact on port cities receiving cruise ships. The purpose of this document is twofold: First, to analyze the relationship between air quality, as an environmental variable, and the volume of cruise ships and passengers that visit a port with the aim of generating information. Secondly, it is intended to develop an index, based on the information already available that allows cities to predict the impact of this activity, so that decisions are made to alleviate these effects. Methods: The primary data taken monthly for the period 2006-2017, related to the level of emissions and the number of cruises and passengers, are used as a basis. A regression analysis is performed to determine the relationship between air pollution and the number of tourists coming from the cruise ships. As a contribution, the results show the influence of this type of tourism on environmental indicators. In addition, in an original way, a regression function is established that allows estimating the future impact of the cruise industry in the ports cities. So that, cities can prevent this type of environmental impact. This will make it easier for the cruise tourism industry to develop more sustainable models in the long term.

Purpose: Experimental tourism can be understood as a new trend in tourist demand. Tourists want to experiment with lifestyles in different places. The information society shows how and where the best products are cultivated and is linked to how the quality of life should be. Nowadays, we are intended to know more and better things, both tangible and intangible, and new technologies show them to us immediately. One intends to live these opportunities as soon as they can. Design/methodology/approach: From the experimental point of view Olive Oil Tourism (Oleotourism) emerges from the olive oil consumer’s interest in learning about the production process, so they can discover a lifestyle associated to this product. This research begins with an exploration of tourists’ motivations. Then, focusing on these consumers, this work has different targets: first, to assess how consumers perceive intangible aspects of olive oil and, second, to forecast the potential demand for oleotourism. Findings: The development of tourism is the result of tourist entrepreneurs that react to the pre-existing demand/opportunity by identifying it in the tourist market. Research limitations/implications: The consumer’s experience is important, but touristic trends are changing. The importance of olive oil may grow in the future because the nutrition benefits are known by all countries. The natural experience around olive oil will drive it to other stakeholders. Practical implications: It is very early to recognize if the olive oil tourism industry is economically interesting, and whether innovative offers can be created based in olive oil and the lifestyle in rural areas. Social implications: The local development around olive oil tourism could be a potential complement with the principal activities, which are usually agricultural activities, farmer interests and local and historical heritage. This is a means to foresee the plausible impacts of the development of oleotourism on tourist destinations, for which oleotourism might become a competitive advantage based on an agri-food product with many intangible profits: olive oil. Originality/value: This is the first opportunity to learn about the personal interest of the consumer regarding olive oil. They give us the opportunity to know if the institutional offer about new destinations based on olive oil tourism will have a chance or will it be an economic complement with the principal activities.

In the ESG era, the hospitality sector faces an urgent need to transform its governance models. However, a conceptual gap exists regarding the specific mechanisms that drive this transformation. This study addresses this gap through a systematic literature review to propose a novel integrative framework. Unlike previous reviews that analyze sustainable leadership and ESG governance in isolation, this paper positions sustainable leadership as the central mechanism that catalyzes the systemic integration of ESG criteria into the sector’s organizational culture and strategy. The proposed framework articulates how this leadership style facilitates a cultural, strategic, and operational transformation by balancing economic performance with social well-being and environmental protection. Specifically, within the hospitality context, sustainable leadership is shown to be key in fostering organizational resilience, responsible innovation, and participatory governance. The analysis also identifies critical barriers to implementation, such as cultural resistance, the lack of clear metrics, and the need for specialized leadership training. The unique contribution of this article is to offer a conceptual model that articulates the causal relationship between leadership and applied ESG governance, presenting sustainable leadership not merely as a management style, but as the fundamental component for building resilient and legitimate hospitality organizations in the long term.

Given the situation we live with a duration unpredictable and unquantifiable consequences at the moment, we must look to the characterization and depth of insight and industry to assist in decision-making cooperatives, taking into account the needs of professionalism they have to undertake. After many years of insisting on this point, the authors continue to argue that the cooperative sector, requires a restructuring that will lead to a professionalization of its dashboards. The realization of this SWOT analysis helps to determine the weaknesses and the opportunities that arise in times of crisis. If the conception we have of the word crisis is negative, in other cultures has a connotation perfectly understandable as positive for being open to new opportunities. Rural development in the municipalities in which they operate these agribusiness cooperatives has much to do with the decisions taken by the dashboards that run them. Every time you perform this type of analysis, scorecards will have a greater availability of information to carry out their work of making decisions, which will result in a better position when facing the difficulties which occur in markets.

El oleoturismo es una novedosa práctica turística al amparo de un cultivo del que España es máxima productora a nivel mundial, y cuyo impacto internacional apenas supone el 5% del mercado internacional de grasas vegetales. Es un producto que, por sus características, trasciende lo meramente alimenticio, y así visto, puede crearse en torno a él una industria dedicada a la atracción turística para, de manera simultánea, explicar el verdadero significado del aceite de oliva y crear un nuevo canal de comercialización para las cooperativas. El estudio trata de mostrar el impacto previo que tiene este tipo de práctica a través de un trabajo de investigación en el que, con una muestra de 15 países, se facilitan datos primarios sobre el grado de aceptación que tendría en la industria turística a través del sector oleícola español. Esta estrategia puede constituir una herramienta efectiva para la diversificación económica del medio rural en España.

Cooperative principles intangible capital as to the challenges of cooperative