In the context of the increasing global interest in sustainable transportation solutions, this research investigates South America's potential role within the electric vehicles (EVs) supply chain. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive literature review to identify opportunities for South American involvement in various stages of the EV supply chain, with the aim of creating conductive scenarios for future research endeavors. The bibliometric analysis reveals limited scientific ouput in the region concerting the EV supply chain, with Brazil emerging as the most active contributor since 2010. However, recent developments show heightened interest from Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. This research underscores the region's engagement in lithium extraction, crucial for EV batteries, but points out the lack of progress in other stages of the chain at the industrial level. Studies suggesting the feasibility of component production in Brazil through its economic relationship with Argentina, along with the proposed Bolivia-Paraguay integration to produce lithium-ion batteries and EVs, point out how regional collaboration can drive advances in other stages of the chain, also highlighting the importance of investment in research and the effective use of the region's resources. It raises the possibility that the region can play an important role in the EV industry if it seizes opportunities in a joint quest towards sustainable mobility.

Lithium-ion batteries are essential for electric vehicles, requiring critical resources such as lithium and cobalt. Paraguay’s integration into the electric vehicle supply chain presents an opportunity to leverage its renewable energy and strategic location. This study evaluates potential partners for Paraguay to establish a lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle assembly plant in the Chaco region. A multi-criteria decision analysis using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and expert opinions assessed Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile based on economic, energy, environmental, social, political, and geopolitical factors. The results indicate Chile as the most favorable partner (29.5%), followed by Argentina (25.9%), Bolivia (22.8%), and Brazil (21.6%). Chile’s strengths lie in its environmental policies and political stability, while Argentina offers logistical advantages and resource availability. The findings highlight strategic pathways for Paraguay’s integration into the electric vehicle supply chain and the importance of targeted collaboration to enhance regional lithium-ion battery production and commercialization.