The core losses of the transformer are mainly dependent on the material of the transformer core. The material of the transformer core just not minimize the cost of the core losses but also increase the lifetime of the transformer. M5 material cold rolled grain oriented silicon steel is generally used for the manufacturing of the core of the transformer. In this study, 2- dimensional finite element models are used to determine the core losses of the transformer. M5 and M4 cold rolled grain oriented silicon steel materials were used for the manufacturing of the transformer core. In this study, a core loss of the three phase distribution transformer with a power of 400 kVA and a voltage level of 30/0.4 kV was investigated and the results presented in this paper are based on the finite element analysis. The results show that the core losses in the M4 cold rolled grain oriented silicon steel material are lesser than the M5 core material. For validation, the results of the finite element results are compared with the experimental results.

Transformer is one of the major components in the electrical power system. Safety and efficiency of the power system are also affected by the working of the power transformer. In this paper transformer's internal electromagnetic forces during the normal working and short-circuit conditions are investigated. Finite element analysis is used to simulate the three-phase transformer model and results are also verified by using the traditional analytical method. Axial and radial forces are calculated during the normal and short-circuit conditions. Transformer’s each high and low voltage windings are divided into 12 different parts. The main aim of dividing the transformer windings into different part is to investigate the radial and axial force into that particular part and to see where the radial and axial forces are higher.