Background: Traditional aphasia therapy is often limited by insufficient dosage, a barrier that AI-assisted digital therapies are poised to overcome. However, it remains unclear whether gains on specific tasks translate to functional, real-world communication. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of these novel interventions and investigates the potential for a “generalization gap” when compared to conventional treatments for post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (2010–2024) from six databases. We included studies examining AI-powered digital platforms for adults with chronic post-stroke apha-sia that reported standardized language outcomes. Results: Our analysis of five trials (n = 366) shows that AI-assisted therapies successfully deliver high-dose interventions, leading to significant improvements in trained language skills, including word retrieval (up to 16.4% gain) and auditory comprehension. However, a critical “generalization gap” was consistently identified: these impairment-level gains rarely transferred to functional, real-world communication. Conclusions: AI-assisted digital therapies effectively solve the dosage problem in aphasia care and improve specific linguistic deficits. Their primary limitation is the failure to generalize skills to everyday use. Future platforms must therefore be strategically redesigned to incorporate therapeutic principles that explicitly target the transfer of skills, bridging the gap between clinical improvement and functional communication.

Objectives: The construct of cognitive reserve (CR) suggests that environmental factors influence cognition over time, resulting in a more resilient response to pathology or adverse conditions in some individuals. The goal of this study was to identify and analyze differences in CR among older adults of low socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: A sample of 102 older adults, both with (n = 52) and without (n = 50) amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), underwent a cognitive assessment protocol including the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRIq). Participants’ SES levels were classified using the European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research Standard Demographic Classification. Mean and distributional comparisons, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were conducted. Results: Mean comparisons and distribution analysis showed that participants with aMCI had lower CR than those without aMCI. Logistic regression models revealed that CRIq score predicted aMCI in this population (OR = 0.955, p < .001), particularly through education (OR = 0.546, p < .001) and work (OR = 0.970, p < .001) dimensions. ROC curve results indicate the model has adequate discriminatory power, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.738. Discussion: Low CR is a sign of pathological cognition in low SES older adults. A higher level of CR in subjects with low SES, even if not meeting the criteria for High CR, has a role in mitigating aMCI. Future studies expand on these findings by examining the relationship between CR and SES in the brain-behavior association, including biomarkers such as the A/T/N framework.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the frequency and factors related to oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults in a health center in Colombia evaluated by videofluroscopy of swallowing. Methods: We reviewed the records of 144 patients evaluated through videofluroscopy of swallowing. In order to analyze the results, descriptive, bivariate statistical analysis, and multivariate regression were used. Results: This investigation revealed that 23.6% of adults had oropharyngeal dysphagia. Older adults had a higher percentage of occurrence, and the factors associated with this symptom were having a history of cerebral stroke and being medicated with anticholinergic drugs. Conclusions: These findings strongly suggest that older adults with other comorbidities have a high percentage of presenting oropharyngeal dysphagia. Further research is needed to characterize the entity in other populations.

Introduction: migration is a massive phenomenon of the displacement of people to other places, Latin America has become a great recipient of other populations, it has been observed that there are barriers that prevent adequate health care. Objective: describe the health status of the migrant population in Latin America and the conditions of their access to primary health care.. Methods: a narrative review of the literature was carried out based on the recommendations of the PRISMA guide with an extension for narrative reviews in Pubmed, Scielo, Readlyc, Lilacs and the Google Schoolar search engine. Results: 78 documents were found, 21 of which were chosen when applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conclusions: the health process is characterized by multiple barriers in primary health care that are determined by difficulties in accessing migrants due to their legal, labor, economic and cultural status. Introducción: la migración es un fenómeno masivo del desplazamiento de personas a otros sitios. Latinoamérica se ha convertido en un gran receptor de otras poblaciones y se ha observado que existen características y factores que impiden una atención adecuada en salud. Objetivo: describir el estado de salud de la población migrante en Latinoamérica y las condiciones de su acceso a la atención primaria en salud. Métodos: se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura con base a las recomendaciones de la guía PRISMA con extensión para revisiones narrativas en Pubmed, Scielo, Readlyc, Lilacs y el motor de búsqueda Google Schoolar. Resultado: se encontraron 78 documentos de los que fueron elegidos 21 al aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Conclusiones: el proceso de salud está caracterizado por múltiples barreras en la atención primaria en salud que están determinadas por dificultades en el acceso de los migrantes por su estado de legalidad, laboral, económico y cultural.

La disfagia es la dificultad en el transcurso de la proyección del alimento, y se asocia a diferentes complicaciones, como la neumonía aspirativa, desnutrición, obstrucción de la vía aérea y/o deshidratación. La deglución puede verse afectada por efectos secundarios por medicamentos efectos secundarios por medicamentos. Se realizo una revisión bibliométrica para determinar la relación de la deglución y sus alteraciones en la interacción de los fármacos usados para el manejo de la hipertensión arterial. En total se incluyeron 12 artículos que daban respuesta a lo planteado. Se encontró que los efectos principales estaban relacionados a sedación, xerostomía, lesión de la mucosa y acción neuromuscular. Es imprescindible reconocer los diferentes efectos secundarios de cada medicamento en el individuo, puesto que, un reconocimiento oportuno, permite lograr un abordaje precoz, lo que proporciona un adecuado manejo de los síntomas y/o sensaciones en la dificultad de la ingesta del alimento.

Día a día la fonoaudiología hospitalaria es más relevante en Colombia; su rol ha permitido posicionar la disciplina en un equipo multidisciplinario de actores en salud que proponen ser parte fundamental en la toma de decisiones en los diferentes desenlaces del proceso hospitalario. Esta libro de investigación, se traza como objetivo describir tópicos del rol del fonoaudiólogo en el ámbito asistencial a partir de la búsqueda de evidencia documentada en bases de datos, explorando el contexto practico desde la comunicación efectiva en las unidades hospitalarias, en función de la humanización de los servicios de salud, pasando por la descripción del manejo de los neonatos desde la perspectiva del neurodesarRollo y sus alteraciones en unidades de cuidado crítico, hasta la descripción en el manejo oncológico y la relación de los medicamentos con la deglución. Los resultados de este compendio temático se muestran a partir de flujogramas y tablas, que organizan la información, facilitando el acceso del profesional al resumen de la evidencia en cada tema tratado. En conclusión, este documento pretende fortalecer el desempeño seguro y eficiente del profesional en Fonoaudiología en un hospital o clínica, permitiéndole tomar decisiones asertivas en su desempeño laboral basadas en la evidencia, promoviendo el bienestar integral de los pacientes.