This review offers a comprehensive analysis of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) applied to metallic materials. By reviewing the recent literature, this paper reports on a collection of technical information, involving the structure and role of TBCs, various materials and coating processes, as well as the mechanisms involved in the durability and failure of TBCs. Although TBCs have been successfully utilized in advanced applications for nearly five decades, they continue to be a subject of keen interest and ongoing study in the world of materials science, with overviews of the field’s evolution remaining ever relevant. Thus, this paper outlines the current requirements of the main application areas of TBCs (aerospace, power generation and the automotive and naval industries) and the properties and resistance to thermal, mechanical and chemical stress of the different types of materials used, such as zirconates, niobates, tantalates or mullite. Additionally, recent approaches in the literature, such as high-entropy coatings and multilayer coatings, are presented and discussed. By analyzing the failure processes of TBCs, issues related to delamination, spallation, erosion and oxidation are revealed. Integrating TBCs with the latest generations of superalloys, as well as examining heat transfer mechanisms, could represent key areas for in-depth study.

In according with the situation created by the pandemics of the world [4,6,7,8,9,10], the Covid-19 viruses were affected the all fields of activity from the all domains, like as: industrial domains, tourism, commercial, even of the educational system at all levels [1,2]. In this context our university, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, it had to move from the classical educational system to approach of the new online modular system. This forced adaptation presents a lots of problems, especially of the all specializations within the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, where there are practical activities that involve laboratories with practical execution they cannot be performed by the online system. After an experience gained of almost 4 months of online activity, more several negative aspects are configured to be analyzed in order to find constructive solutions for optimizing the online educational system [1]. The present paper proposes to identification of a questionnaire addressed for the students as well as to the teachers from the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology of UMFST “G.E.Palade” of Tg.Mures. Following the analysis of the all results of the questionnaire, the deficiencies of the problems raised by the technical disciplines that require phisicals practical applications in laboratory classes will be identified, respectively new directions for the development of modular online education will be identified representing the only alternative of the onsite classic education in this situation.