Many researchers have reported relationships of physical and chemical properties with water erosion; however, little is known about microbiological properties in this context. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate soil properties in relation to erosion in areas with different cropping system practices under no-tillage in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment has been carried out since 2014 in a Typic Haplustox under soybean (S) and maize (M) monoculture, maize/soybean annual rotation (MS), maize/brachiaria/soybean/brachiaria rotation (MBSB), two of those treatments with high input of fertilizer (MBSB-HI and MS-HI), and bare soil (BS). Soil losses were quantified in erosion plots. The design was completely randomized. The greater vegetation cover crop, provided by intercropping/succession with brachiaria, increased microbial biomass carbon. The lack of vegetation cover affected the basal soil respiration and metabolic quotient. Basal soil respiration proved to be inversely related to soil and water losses. Vegetation cover was a key factor regulating water erosion. Penetration resistance and aggregate stability correlated with soil and water losses. Thus, not only physical and chemical, but also biological properties are deeply affected by erosion, aiding in early monitoring of water erosion. Soil quality improvement in ecologically supported management contributes to mitigating erosion.

With the search for water security, the reuse of water in irrigation becomes interesting and inevitable. Given the complexity of soil–solute interactions, the use of simplified artificial solutions represents an innovative approach, as it facilitates understanding these interactions while posing no risk to human health or the environment. However, the more complex and inferior the quality of the water, the greater the environmental contamination risk. The objective of this study was to investigate ion retention in three tropical soils (Oxisol, Inceptisol, and Entisol Quartzipsamment) by applying treated domestic wastewater (TWW) and artificial wastewater, both with the same concentrations of Na ⁺ , K ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , and Mg ²⁺ as the TWW. Physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of the soil were determined. Multivariate analysis was performed to elucidate the relationships between the solutes’ transport parameters, the soils’ mineralogy and texture, and the variation in their chemical characteristics resulting from wastewater application. Oxisol and Entisol Quartzipsamment contributed to principal component 1. The second principal component had a negative contribution from Inceptisol. Oxisol and Entisol Quartzipsamment showed the longest delays of ion transport relative to the wetting front. Inceptisol had the lowest retardation factors and the lowest affinity for ions. For the TWW on Oxisol, Na ⁺ was the first ion to reach a relative concentration equal to 1, at an average pore volume of 4.3; however, the last pore volume collected for Ca ²⁺ was 12.3, with a relative concentration of 0.6, showing that sodium in TWW is a point of attention, as observed by the low affinity with soils.

O Método do Consumo Máximo Provável é comumente empregado para o dimensionamento de instalações prediais de água fria por meio de coeficientes probabilísticos para estimar a vazão provável nos trechos do sistema em função dos aparelhos que são abastecidos por cada nó, era preconizado pela ABNT NBR 5626:1998, mas não mais em sua nova edição de 2020. No entanto, de acordo com a referida norma, métodos probabilísticos ainda podem ser utilizados, desde que o dimensionamento do sistema respeite as diretrizes de funcionamento hidráulico estabelecidas. Assim, objetivou-se analisar o funcionamento hidráulico de um sistema predial de água fria, a fim de verificar a adequabilidade do Método de Dimensionamento do Consumo Máximo Provável aos novos parâmetros de projeto e funcionamento hidráulico determinados na ANBT NBR 5626:2020, especificamente em relação às pressões mínimas e à variação da carga de pressão dinâmica nos chuveiros em condição de operação isolada, e em operação concomitante com diferentes aparelhos. O limite de redução de carga de pressão dinâmica, preconizado pela nova edição da norma foi excedido apenas para duas das cinco combinações em um dos dois banheiros analisados neste estudo, porém ao se considerar a vazão de projeto como apenas a vazão do chuveiro. Desta forma, para a edificação estudada, unifamiliar típica com apenas um pavimento, o Método do Consumo Máximo Provável pôde ser utilizado, com a ressalva que sejam verificadas as cargas de pressão dinâmica nos pontos mais desfavoráveis da edificação.