The COVID-19 pandemic has put immense pressure on the fiscal situation. Central revenues have decelerated while expenditures had to be increased to facilitate economic recovery. Local governments faced even harder challenges as intergovernmental transfers were reduced and room for mobilizing alternative finances was limited. This paper employs qualitative and secondary data analysis on local budget and fiscal capacities at the subnational level in Indonesia to find insights into the implications and responses of the provincial government in a decentralized economy during the pandemic. Provinces with a high dependence on intergovernmental transfer are struggling to adopt a countercyclical mitigative fiscal policy. However, provinces with high local own-source revenue have suffered the most during the crisis as low economic activity reduced tax revenues and indirectly lead to lower fiscal space. As fiscal policy is critical to containing the pandemic and facilitating recovery, this paper proposes several strategies toward a more sustainable fiscal policy for rebuilding local government capacity in the medium-to-long term in the aftermath of the crisis.

Penerapan desentralisasi seharusnya memberikan dampak yang positif pada kemajuan daerah. Sejak penerapannya tahun 2001, desentralisasi di Indonesia semakin dalam dan luas diterapkan. Menggunakan kebijakan penataan permukiman kumuh sebagai pendekatan studi akan dilihat dampak dari desentralisasi dan seberapa persisten dampak tersebut hadir. Hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan RD-DiD menunjukkan bahwa penerapan desentralisasi berkorelasi negatif dengan penataan permukiman kumuh di kawasan Jabodetabek. Luas permukiman kumuh lebih besar 45% dibandingkan dengan tahun sebelum desentralisasi atau daerah yang tidak terdesentralisasi. Dengan demikian dalam aspek penataan permukiman kumuh desentralisasi dapat dikatakan tidak berjalan efektif bahkan cenderung membuat keadaan lebih buruk.