Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de los comportamientos del movimiento (CM) en 24 horas en población mexicana. Material y métodos. Se recolectó información de actividad física (AF), tiempo sedentario y sueño para individuos de 10 a 78 años por medio de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2022 (Ensanut 2022). Resultados. Más de 65% de niños y niñas no cumple con las recomendaciones de AF y pasan >2 horas/día frente a pantallas. Casi 91% de los adolescentes pasan >2 horas/día frente a pantalla. Más de 30% de los adolescentes y adultos no cumple con las recomendaciones de sueño. Sólo 1.5% de niños y niñas, 4.7% de adolescentes, 4.0% de los adultos y 1.5% de adultos mayores cumplieron las recomendaciones de los tres CM. Conclusión. Se evidencia la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias para contrarrestar la inactividad física, el comportamiento sedentario y el sueño insuficiente desde temprana edad hasta la adultez en población mexicana.

Green space or natural vegetation may reduce obesity risk by increasing opportunities for physical activity or reducing stress and exposure to other pollutants. Obesity prevalence in Mexico is ranked among the highest in the world. However, research on the association between green space and obesity in Mexico is lacking. We used data from the National Nutrition Survey in Mexico (2018–2019), a nationally representative sample of Mexican adults. The analytical sample included participants between 20–59 years of age (n = 12,631). We assessed exposure to green space using a 30 m resolution Landsat satellite Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 2018. Linear regression models examined associations between NDVI and body mass index (BMI), adjusting for confounders. The mean age of the study sample was 38 (SD 0.19) years. Participants living in areas with the highest green space exposure had the lowest education level (53.51%) and socioeconomic status (28.38%) and were located in central (33.01%), south (30.37%), and rural areas (21.05%). Higher residential exposure to green space was associated with a mean decrease in BMI of −1.1 kg/m² (95% CI: −1.59, −0.68). This is one of the first studies in Latin America to suggest a protective association between green space and obesity among Mexican adults.

Objetivo. Examinar las características sociodemográficas e indicadores de salud asociados con el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de los comportamientos del movimiento en adultos mexicanos. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal que utilizó datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2022. Se obtuvo información de actividad física (AF), sedentarismo y sueño, características sociodemográficas e indicadores de salud en adultos de 20-78 años. Para el análisis se utilizaron regresiones logísticas y lineales ajustadas y no por covariables. Resultados. Los adultos que viven en áreas urbanas tuvieron mayor posibilidad de no cumplir las recomendaciones de actividad física, sedentarismo, sueño y los comportamientos del movimiento (CM) en conjunto. No cumplir las recomendaciones de los tres CM se asoció con mayores niveles de glucosa, colesterol y tensión arterial elevada. Conclusión. La asociación de los CM con indicadores de salud muestra la importancia de identificar estrategias para promover estos comportamientos en la población mexicana.

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the administration of booster doses after completing primary vaccination. Yet, recommendations are largely based on a small set of vaccines, with little information about vaccine mixes used in low and middle‐income countries. We aimed to estimate the titers of anti‐protein S (RBD) IgG antibodies and neutralization in Mexican adults with a complete vaccination scheme without a booster or with one of five different booster types (heterologous or homologous) to assess immunogenic response. Materials and Methods: We included data from 2953 adults aged 18 years and older, representing 49.1 million Mexicans, from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2022. We included five primary schemes: BNT162b2, AZD1222, Ad5‐nCoV, Gam‐COVID‐Vac, and CoronaVac. A booster dose was defined as an additional dose beyond the primary scheme and classified as homologous or heterologous based on three vaccine platforms: mRNA, viral vector, and inactivated virus. For each primary scheme, we estimated marginal means of anti‐protein S geometric mean titers (GMTs) with 95% CI in each group (no booster, heterologous booster, or homologous booster) adjusted for age, time since the last dose, and prior natural infection using anti‐protein N antibodies seropositivity as a proxy using a multivariable linear regression. Then, we estimated the percentage of neutralizing antibodies for the original SARS‐CoV‐2 strain. Results: We observed that the highest anti‐protein S GMTs were in the group that received a heterologous booster with BNT162b2, AZD1222, Ad5‐nCoV, or CoronaVac; the group without a booster showed the lowest GMTs. All groups in the primary schemes had 90% or more inhibition for the original SARS‐CoV‐2 strain, except in the AZD1222 and Ad5‐nCoV groups without a booster. Conclusions: Boosters increased GMTs for all people, independently of their primary vaccine scheme. Yet, our findings suggest that a heterologous booster produced higher titers against SARS‐CoV‐2 protein S. Efforts should be made to reach people who received AZD1222 and Ad5‐nCoV as their primary scheme and did not get boosted, as neutralization in those groups was particularly low.

Evidence from high-income countries suggests that residential greenness may protect against adverse mental health outcomes. However, few studies have explored this association in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Mexico. We used nationally representative data from working-age adult participants (aged 20–59 years) in the 2018–19 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey to estimate the cross-sectional association of exposure to residential greenness, using the satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Short Form (CESD-7; range: 0–21). Linear regression models estimated the association of NDVI with depressive symptoms, adjusting for individual sociodemographic factors. Overall, 16.2% of the analytical sample reported high prevalence of depressive symptoms (CESD-7 ≥ 9 points). In adjusted models, higher greenness was associated with a lower depressive symptom score (b = −0.34; 95% CI: −0.56, −0.13). Results suggested a protective association for women (b = −0.34; 95% CI: −0.61, −0.08), men (b = −0.32; 95% CI: −0.65, −0.01), and residents of urban areas (b = −0.44; 95% CI: −0.70, −0.18), but not for residents of non-urban areas. Our findings suggest that exposure to residential greenness is associated with lower depressive symptoms among Mexican adults.