Since 2003, Brazil has striven to provide energy access to all, in rural areas, in an effort to economically empower the communities. Unpacking fuel stacking behaviour can shed light onto the speed of transition toward the exclusive use of advanced fuel types. This paper presents findings from surveys that were carried out with 14 non-electrified communities in a rural area of Rio Negro, Amazonas State, Brazil. We identify the fuel choice determinants in these communities using a multinomial logistic regression model and more generally discuss the validity and robustness of such models in the context of statistical validation and evaluation metrics. Specifically for the Amazonas communities considered in this study, the research showed that the fuel choice determinants are the age of household, the number of people at meals each day, the number of meals daily, the community, education of the household head, and the income level of the household. Moreover, given the Brazilian policies related to energy and sustainability, this region is not likely to reach the Sustainable Development Goals proposed by United Nations for 2030.

Increased adoption of Fog Computing concepts into Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is a driving force for implementing Industry 4.0. The modern industrial environment focuses on providing a flexible factory floor that suits the needs of modern manufacturing through the reduction of downtimes, reconfiguration times, adoption of new technologies and the increase of its production capabilities and rates. Fog Computing through CPS aims to provide a flexible orchestration and management platform that can meet the needs of this emerging industry model. Proposals on Fog Computing platform and Software Defined Networks (SDN) for Industry allow for resource virtualization and access throughout the system enabling large composite application systems to be deployed on multiple nodes. The increase of reliability, redundancy and runtime parameters as well as the reduction of costs in such systems are of key interest to Industry and researchers as well. The development of optimization algorithms and methods is made difficult by the complexity of such systems and the lack of real-world data on fog systems resulting in algorithms that are not being designed for real world scenarios. We propose a set of use-case scenarios based on our Industrial partner that we analyze to determine the graph based parameters of the system that allows us to scale and generate a more realistic testing scenario for future optimization attempts as well as determine the nature of such systems in comparison to other networks types. To show the differences between these scenarios and our real-world use-case we have selected a set of key graph characteristics based on which we analyze and compare the resulting graphs from the systems.