Intussusception is a common cause of small intestinal obstruction in children under two years of age. Late diagnosis can lead to a potentially worse condition. This prospective study aims to describe the clinical manifestation and develop a conservative management protocol for acute ileocaecal intussusception in children under two years of age. This prospective study was carried out in 118 consecutive patients under two years of age. Patients presented with symptoms and signs of acute intestinal obstruction and a diagnosis of ileocaecal intussusception confirmed by ultrasound were included in this study. All the patients were managed with either pneumatic reduction or operation. There were 70 boys and 48 girls ranging in age from three months to two years with a median of 12.5 months. Clinical presentation included abdominal pain (100%), vomiting (82.2%), bloody stool (11.9%), and a palpable mass (43.2%). Patients hospitalized with the symptoms and signs for less than 24 hours accounted for 80.5% of the cases. The overall success rate of pneumatic reduction was 98.3%. Late hospital admission (≥ 24 hours from illness onset), bloody stool, and presenting with the classic triad of symptoms of intussusception were found as the factors that correlated to the surgical management outcome. All patients recovered well without any complications. The median of postoperative hospital stay of two days for the pneumatic reduction group and six days for the operation group. The early diagnosis of intussusception contributes to the success of pneumatic reduction and reduces the requirement of surgical intervention.

Аcute Myelоid Leukemiа (АML) in children is а serious disease. With a prоper treаtment, а lоng-term survivаl rаte аbоve 50% is typicаl. Befоre 2010, аll the АML pаtients died in оur hоspitаl, аnd аbаndоnment rаte wаs mоre thаn 50%. The аims оf this study аre tо explоre the lоng-term оutcоme оf newly childhood acute myeloid patients treаted аt Hue Centrаl Hоspitаl frоm 2010 tо 2019.A retrоspective study was conducted on 98 children with АML who аdmitted Hue Central Hospital frоm Jаnuаry 2010 tо December 2019. The diаgnоsis wаs cоnfirmed by mоrphоlоgicаl FАB criteriа, cytоchemistry аnd immunоphenоtype. Pаtients were treаted with using mоdified АML 7-3 Regimen. Sоciаl suppоrts were prоvided tо pаtients/fаmilies. А tоtаl оf 98 children with АML were аnаlyzed with meаn аge оf 5.6 yeаrs rаnging frоm 3 mоnths tо 15 yeаrs. The mаle tо femаle rаtiо wаs 1.8:1. The оverаll cоmplete remissiоn rаte after inductiоn were 82.6%. Pаtients аccоunted fоr 46 (46.9%) hаd relаpses which оccurred in during chemоtherаpy n=27 (27,6%), аfter finishing chemоtherаpy n=19(19,4%). Оverаll survivаl аt 3 yeаrs were 23.2%. The event-free survivаl аt 3 yeаrs were 20.2%. Аbаndоnment cаses were 4 (4.1%). During the period study, abаndоnment hаs been reduced successfully with hоlistic strаtegies such аs finаnciаl suppоrt, mаnаging fаmily grоup, prоviding educаtiоn, eаrly fоllоw-up оf pаtients whо missed аppоintments аnd free аccоmmоdаtiоn neаr hоspitаl fоr pаtients/fаmilies. However, with a high rate patient achieved complete remission after induction phase (82.6%), but the overal survival and event-free survival at 3 years were still low in my hospital (23.2 % and 20.2% respectively). It reflected that it was very difficult to treat successfully AML in lowand middle-income countries. We are considering the way how to improve the quality treatment for childhood acute myeloid leukemia in my hospital.

Background Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed operations in general surgery, especially in the digestive field. Since the introduction of laparoscopic repair as well as using a synthetic mesh, the surgical trends have changed in the last decade in treating inguinal hernias. The laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal gives a better view of the inguinal anatomy, and the procedure also has a short learning curve. We aim to evaluate the safety and early outcome of the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal technique for inguinal hernia repair using a Prolene (R) mesh (Ethicon Somerville, NJ, USA). Methods A prospective study was carried out among 31 adult patients with 34 inguinal hernia cases. They underwent the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal technique with a Prolene mesh at the Hue Central Hospital from December 2018 through May 2019. Results The mean age was 60.4 +/- 11.8, and 96.8% of cases were male. Strangulated hernia and incarcerated hernia accounted for 2.9% and 8.8% of cases, respectively. The mean duration of unilateral inguinal hernia repair and bilateral inguinal repair was 57.1 +/- 17.3 minutes and 80.3 +/- 10.6 minutes, respectively. The mean duration of the postoperative hospital stay was 3.9 +/- 1.4 days. One (3.2%) case with contralateral inguinal hernia was detected intraoperatively. An early and three-month postoperative evaluation showed that 93.5% and 96.8% of cases were categorized as "very good", respectively. At the three-month evaluation, one case was reported with sensation disorder of the inguinal area, and there was no recurrence. Conclusions Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair is a safe and feasible technique. It allows surgeons to explore the opposite site and resolve the combined peritoneal diseases.

Background This study investigated the results of transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) combined with laparoscopy for locally advanced mid–low rectal cancer. Methods Patients with mid–low locally advanced rectal cancer (T3 category or above and/or N+) who underwent rectal resection with TaTME technique were enrolled prospectively. Patients who had distant metastasis, multiple malignancies, intestinal obstruction or perforation, or a clinical complete response to chemoradiotherapy were excluded. Postoperative results, including morbidity, circumferential resection margin (CRM) assessment, short‐term survival and functional outcomes, were analysed. Results Thirty‐eight patients, with 25 mid and 13 low rectal tumours, who had elective resection by TaTME from March 2015 to September 2018 were included. There were 25 men and 13 women. Mean(s.d.) age was 58·2(16·4) years and mean(s.d.) BMI was 24·2(2·5) kg/m². Tumours were 3–9 cm from the anal verge. Mean(s.d.) duration of surgery was 210(42) min. All patients had hand‐sewn anastomoses and protective ileostomies. There were no conversions, abdominal perineal resections or postoperative deaths. Four patients had a complication, including three presacral abscesses, all managed by transanastomotic drainage. At 3 months after ileostomy closure, all patients had perfect continence. Apart from a greater tumour diameter in patients with low rectal cancers (6·0 cm versus 4·6 cm in those with mid rectal tumours; P = 0·035), clinical features were similar in the two groups. CRM positivity was greater for low than for mid rectal tumours (3 of 13 versus 0 of 25 respectively; P = 0·034), and more patients with a low tumour had TME grade 2 (4 of 13 versus 1 of 25; P = 0·038). There was no difference in oncological outcomes at 17 months. Conclusion Although this study cohort was small, special attention should be paid to bulky low rectal tumours to reduce the rate of CRM positivity.

It is important to identify the neuroimaging features that are associated with partial epilepsy in children. Advances in technology have recently been made to localize focal epileptogenic lesions, especially high-resolution structural imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The recommendation that electroencephalography (EEG) should be the gold standard and that MRI should be optional has been questioned. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of MRI in children with partial epilepsy and to compare the diagnostic yields of MRI and EEG data. The present study was conducted among one hundred twelve 1- to 6-year-old children with partial epilepsy. All patients underwent EEG and brain MRI. The epileptogenic lesions were identified on the basis of the signal intensities and morphological abnormalities seen on MRI. The correlation between MRI and EEG abnormal findings was analyzed using a chi-square test. Abnormal MRI findings were present in 34.8% (n = 39) of the sample. The EEG and MRI data agreed with respect to classifications into abnormal or normal in 48.2% of the sample (n = 54). Of the 27 patients with normal EEG findings, six (22.2%) had abnormal MRI findings. Inter-rater agreement showed the compatibility between EEG and MRI not significant (weighted Kappa = 0.105). A number of MRI abnormalities were found in our study of otherwise normal children, although the correlation between these results was not clear. The follow-up of these children will help us identify the important abnormalities. Despite the small sample size, our results showed that normal EEG findings do not predict normal brain MRI data in children with partial epilepsy.

Meningoencephalitis is not a rare disease in children. However, eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis is unusual in the pediatric population. We describe the case of a 12-year-old girl from the central area of Vietnam with eosinophilic meningitis due to A. cantonensis. The patient lived in a rural area, where farming is widespread, and presented with fever and headache. Laboratory results showed peripheral eosinophilia, a cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count of 730/mm³ with 65% eosinophils. Cerebrospinal fluid ELISA was positive for A. cantonensis, and blood ELISA was positive for A. cantonensis. The presentation was consistent with a diagnosis of A. cantonensis eosinophilic meningitis. The patient recovered fully after administration of albendazole (200 mg/day for 2 weeks), as well as intravenous dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg/day every 8 h) and mannitol (1.5 g/kg/day every 8 h) for the first 3 days, followed by 5 days of oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg/day).