Theoretical, methodological, scientific, methodical and applied principles of managing environmentally and socially oriented investments in sustainable development of rural areas have been developed and substantiated in the article. The model of investment process of ecologically and socially oriented economy has been developed. The analysis of corresponding existing models of investment process enabled to specify the management model, which corresponds to the environmentally and socially oriented economics. The block scheme of the system of analyzing and evaluating the efficiency of investment processes of sustainable rural development has been made. The determined methodological provisions and specified concepts enabled to ground the system of complex analyzing and assessing the effectiveness of investment processes in sustainable development of rural areas, including the evaluation of economic, social and environmental efficiency of investment projects. The mechanism of sustainable rural development, comprising consolidated elements and connections, has been grounded. The ecological aspects of investment policy as a component of the economic mechanism of sustainable rural development have been systematized. It has been determined that attracting investments in environmentally and socially oriented investment projects and programs has to be based on strengthening the ecological aspects of investment policy as part of stimulating sub-system of the economic mechanism of sustainable rural development.

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to assess current trends in land use of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine during the war and to develop ways to improve it using innovative management approaches. Results. The study allows us to conclude that since the beginning of the full-scale war in Ukraine, mainly agribusiness have lost land areas, which has significantly affected both the production and export potential of the national economy. Research in the regional context shows that the largest reductions and losses of sown areas of agricultural enterprises took place in Kherson, Zaporizhzhia, Donetsk, Kharkiv, Mykolaiv, Chernihiv and Luhansk regions. It was found that due to the occupation and the high risk of doing business in some regions, some agricultural enterprises moved to relatively safer western regions, which leads to a local shortage of resources and a lack of storage and processing capacity. In 2022, compared to 2021, there was a decrease in the sown areas of almost all crops in agricultural enterprises, but sowing of winter wheat, corn, sunflower, winter barley, spring barley, and legume demonstrated the most dramatic absolute change. At the same time, the area under four crops increased: buckwheat, soybeans, winter rape, and spring wheat. This change is due to the fact that oilseeds are becoming more attractive for cultivation due to developed domestic processing, lower physical yields compared to grain crops, higher prices and, accordingly, a smaller share of logistics costs for their export. In 2022, the key crops grown by Ukrainian agricultural enterprises were sunflower – 27.7 % of the sown area, winter wheat – 24.2 %, corn – 20.9 %, soybeans – 8.5 %, winter rapeseed – 7.1 % and barley (winter and spring) – 5.3 %, accounting for 93.7 % of the sown area. A factor analysis of the gross harvest of major crops shows that a decrease in the area under crops is a key factor in the decline in crop production in 2022 compared to 2021, i.e. the influence of the extensive factor of production prevails. Scientific novelty. It is found that innovative management of land use of an agricultural enterprise is a system of interrelated dynamic components and innovative processes that are complementary, which, under the influence of subjective and objective conditions, should ensure an increase in the return on land resources and expanded reproduction of the resource. Innovative land use management includes the following components: strategic planning and proactive market position; technological re-equipment of production; staff development; motivation of innovative labour at all levels of management; investments in soil fertility; and environmental awareness. At the same time, all components of land management require constant monitoring for flexible and prompt adjustment of management actions and informed decision-making. The result of innovative management is systemic innovative changes at all stages and levels of agricultural enterprises. Practical value. Based on the study, it is proposed that agricultural enterprises change the traditional scheme of land use management to innovative one. When implementing innovative land use management, it is necessary to take into account the trends in innovative agricultural development, which ensure the realisation of land potential and increase the efficiency of land use for agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, as well as contribute to the competitiveness of agriculture. Мета. Метою дослідження є оцінка сучасних тенденцій використання земельних ресурсів аграрних підприємств в Україні під час війни та розробка шляхів удосконалення землекористування на основі застосування інноваційних підходів до управління. Результати. Проведене дослідження дає змогу зробити висновки, що з початком повномаштабної війни в Україні, земельні площі переважно були втрачені саме агробізнесом, що суттєво вплинуло як на виробничий, так і експортний потенціал національної економіки. Дослідження в регіональному розрізі показують, що найбільші скорочення і втрати посівних площ аграрних підприємств відбулися в Херсонській, Запорізькій, Донецькій, Харківській, Миколаївській, Чернігівській і Луганській областях. З’ясовано, що у зв’язку з окупацією та високим ризиком ведення бізнесу в деяких регіонах, частина аграрних підприємств перемістилася у відносно спокійніші західні регіони, що зумовлює виникнення локального дефіциту ресурсів, а також нестачу потужностей для зберігання та переробки продукції. У 2022 р. порівняно з 2021 р. відбулося зменшення посівних площ практично всіх сільськогосподарських культур в аграрних підприємствах, однак найбільш різку абсолютну зміну демонструють посіви пшениці озимої, кукурудзи на зерно, соняшника, ячменю озимого, ячменю ярого, культур зернобобових. При цьому відбулося збільшення посівної площі...

Introduction. The modern development of society is an extremely complex process that is formed under the influence of numerous factors. It is contradictory, can move from one point of bifurcation to another, undergo numerous changes. Therefore, in order to develop perspective strategies and risk management, society needs a certain analytical and prognostic toolkit - a kind of algorithm for describing the determining trends by which society moves. Megatrends are stable and long-term processes that determine the patterns of formation of interconnected and mutually determined economic, political, socio-cultural relations and relations of human interaction with nature. Goal. The purpose of the article is to identify conceptual approaches to determining the main trends in the evolution of the global economic system. The tasks of the research include the establishment of the main megatrends that change the life of modern society, the substantiation of the concepts of "megasociety" and "megaeconomy", and the identification of global megatrends in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Methodology. Scientific research was carried out using analysis and synthesis in order to study the main trends in the evolution of the global economic system; graphic methods for visual representation of the material. The results. It was found that megatrends are stable and long-term processes that determine the regularities of the formation of interconnected and mutually determined economic, political, socio-cultural relations and relations of human interaction with nature. The main megatrends according to J. Naisbit are considered. The concept of "megasociety" is defined as a manifestation of a set of political, economic, socio-cultural relations and relations of human interaction with nature, which is gradually being built under the influence of megatrends. It has been found that nowadays the main trend in the field of political relations of society is the trend of changing the world order, i.e. the process of systemic transformation that was caused by the war unleashed by Russia in the center of Europe on the territory of Ukraine. The processes of formation of a multipolar model of the world order are developing. It is noted that multipolarity is essentially consistent with regionalization. It was determined that globalization is a natural phase of the world historical process, during which the degree of interdependence of countries and mesoeconomic structures periodically changes. This process constantly acquires a new quality, changes in the forms of embodiment of its essence, but does not disappear and does not lose the status of a megatrend in the development of humanity. It has been argued that global megatrends in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution include technological progress; climate change, scarcity of resources; demographic changes; changes in economic power; acceleration of urbanization. During the Fourth Industrial Revolution, a fundamentally new system of production is being built - smart production, which corresponds to the smart economy - an innovative, knowledge-based, intelligent management system. The trend of greening the life of society (greening of consumption, production, technologies, economy, etc.) is considered, which involves the development and implementation by the world community of systemic measures for the perfection of nature management.

Today, the world is trying to maintain a global tendency in the development of a sustainable economy, responding to various threats, risks and challenges: the COVID-19 pandemic; political instability; wars; the formation of multipolarity of the world; spread of processes of technologization and digitalization, energy imbalances; demographic and environmental problems, etc. The purpose of the article is to study global tendencies in the development of the world economy, the influence of destabilizing factors, the selection of megatrends, which are caused by the formation of a post-industrial mode of production. It is specified that economic megatrends are formed as result of technological revolutions and changes in the mode of production. According to the content of these transformations, the current stage of society’s life represents the beginning of the development of post-industrial relations. This type of technical, economic and socioeconomic relations determines the long-term vectors of economic development, which are based on basic innovations – digital technologies, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, etc. It is stated that big trends, or megatrends, are manifestations of long-term vector changes. However, in the current periods of their objectification, megatrends are influenced by many factors – there is an adjustment of the current dynamics within the framework of the general determining trend of economic development. It is emphasized that the most significant in our time is the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to the weakening of international economic ties and the rupture of supply chains. This was followed almost immediately by the russian military invasion of Ukraine, the consequences of which affect the social (including economic) life not only of European countries, but also of the world in general. The cumulative and repeatedly enhanced due to their simultaneity, the negative impact of these factors significantly adjusts the parameters of global economic trends – temporal, structural and others – at present. It is found that in 2022 there is a decrease in the global economic growth rate to 2.9% compared to the growth rate in 2021 by 5.7%, and, according to the forecast, during 2023-2024 there will be no compensation. In such a situation, inflation will remain high, which could lead to a sharp global recession along with financial crises in some market-based and emerging economies. It is determined that the dynamics of GDP of the pre-pandemic and pre-war period highlighted the outstripping growth rate of the economy in developing countries, compared with the dynamics of GDP of developed countries. The carried out studies have shown that a larger share of world GDP is created in developed countries, and by 2032 the contribution by groups of countries (developed / developing) will not become equal, although it will gravitate towards this parity. The prognosticated paces of global economic growth by region in 2023–2024 are examined. The significant negative impact on the world economy of russia’s invasion of Ukraine in general and in certain regions in particular is emphasized. It is concluded that the harshest consequences of the war would be for Europe and Central Asia. A slowdown in growth this year is forecast in all regions other than the Middle East and North Africa – that is, in those regions where countries can benefit from energy prices. For all regions with a market and a developing economy, the following risks occur: increased geopolitical tensions; rising inflation and food shortages; financial stress and increasing the cost of loans; new outbreaks of COVID-19, etc. It is noted that the need to reduce the negative impact of these risks led to the search by society for such directions of development that would become an impetus for economic growth and restore market activity. In the period of formation of the post-industrial technological mode of production, nano-, bio-, info-, cognitive technologies became decisive. The carried out research provides grounds to assert that the six economies named by the UN (exabyte, welfare, carbon-neutral, closed cycle, biogrowth, impressions) are megatrends, since such transformations are the result of the formation of a post-industrial mode of production – a special type of relations: technical and economic (productive forces) and socioeconomic (production relations).

The aim of the article is to prove the scientific thesis that the embodied intellectual capital of a person in its primary and generalized forms is a determining resource of technological leadership and the potential for competitiveness of countries. The article examines the role of a person and the intellectual capital accumulated by people in the technological leadership of countries. Intellectual activity is considered in the context of the creation by a person of an information and knowledge resource and the production of innovations. It is proved that the embodied intellectual capital of a person in its primary and generalized forms (intellectual capital of individual communities and society as a whole) is a resource of technological leadership and the potential for competitiveness of countries. It is found that the intellectual and innovative trend is inherent in the globalized economy principally. The presence of innovative countries can be observed in each of the global regions. However, the level of technology development and the degree of involvement of intellectual capital in the process of producing innovations are different depending on region. This is the definitive reason for the diverse competitive opportunities of countries at present. The level of competitiveness is determined by the mutual dependence between technology and people’s talent – the emergence of a synergistic effect of enrichment. Under these conditions, development acquires the features of a new and higher quality; the basis for economic and social progress is being established. That the economies of developed countries with signs of a post-industrial, knowledge-intensive economy are the most competitive appears verified regularity. Further on, it is substantiated that the aggregate factor of development of «technology + talent» is of key importance for Ukraine. Human intelligence and the possibility of creating/applying advanced technologies with its help are becoming key for Ukraine in conditions where most of the resource components of development (territories, able-bodied population, natural resources) are lost and financial support is insufficient. Consistency, mutual enrichment and mutually conditioned influence of these components of development can provide a positive effect in the economic life of the country and become the main prerequisite for its future economic progress and strengthening of competitiveness on the international stage.