A. Rosenfeld [23] introduced the notion of a digitally continuous function between digital images, and showed that although digital images need not have fixed point properties analogous to those of the Euclidean spaces modeled by the images, there often are approximate fixed point properties of such images. In the current paper, we obtain additional results concerning fixed points and approximate fixed points of digitally continuous functions. Among these are several results concerning the relationship between universal functions and the approximate fixed point property (AFPP).

In this paper, we introduce the notion of a modular $ p $-metric space (an extended modular $ b $-metric space) and establish some fixed point results for $ \alpha $-$ \widehat{\nu} $-Meir-Keeler contractions in this new space. Using these results, we deduce some new fixed point theorems in extended modular metric spaces endowed with a graph and in partially ordered extended modular metric spaces. Also, we develop an important relation between fuzzy-Meir-Keeler and extended fuzzy $ p $-metric with modular $ p $-metric and get certain new fixed point results in triangular fuzzy $ p $-metric spaces. We provide an example and an application to support our results which generalize several well known results in the literature.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of bicomplex-valued controlled metric spaces and prove fixed point theorems. Our results mainly focus on generalizing and expanding some recently established results. Finally, we explain an application of our main result to a certain type of fractional differential equation.

In this article, we present the concept of orthogonal $\alpha$-almost Istr$\breve{a}$tescu contraction of types $\mathbf{D}$ and ${\mathbf{D}}^{*}$ and prove some fixed point theorems on orthogonal b-metric spaces. We also provide an illustrative example to support our theorems. As an application, we establish the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the fractional differential equation and the solution of the integral equation using Elzaki transform.