Intense photoluminescence (PL) was observed in soluble disubstituted polyacetylenes such as poly(1-phenyl-2- p-adamantylphenyl acetylene (PDPA-Ad) at 530 nm, poly(1-phenyl-2- p-triphenylsilylphenyl acetylene) (PDPA-TPSi) at 530 nm and poly(1-hexyl-2-phenyl acetylene) (PHxPA) at 455 nm, although they are considered to be derivatives of trans-polyacetylene. In monosubstituted acetylene polymers such as poly( o-trimethylsilylphenyl acetylene) (PTMSiPA), PL was negligible. Green and blue light emissions were observed from an electroluminescent (EL) device having soluble poly(diphenyl acetylene) (PDPA) derivatives (PDPA-Ad and PDPA-TPSi) and PHxPA as emission layers, respectively. EL emission is clearly observable under normal room illumination conditions. The electronic energy structures of the disubstituted PA derivatives are also discussed to interpret PL and EL characteristics.

This report shows that, by using simple transient photovoltage (TPV) measurements, we can reveal a significant correlation between the TPV decay characteristics and the performance of these perovskite solar cells. TPV decay seems to be composed of a rising part in a short interval after photoexcitation and a long decaying part that extends up to tens of milliseconds. These decay behaviors look different depending on the mesoscopic structures and the perovskite morphology formed therein, as seen from their Scanning Electron Microcopy images and X-ray diffraction patterns. The decay part can be fitted with a three-exponential decay, which reflects different kinetics of electrons in the perovskite/TiO₂ layer. On the other hand, the rising part must be fit by a decay equation derived by employing the convolution theorem, where the rising part can be assigned to the electron transport process inside the perovskite layer and the decaying part can be assigned to electron back-transfer. The characteristics can be then understood by considering the effect of crystal defects and trap states in the perovskite grains and perovskite interface with its transport layer, which is TiO₂ in this study. Although the TPV decay occurs in a time range much longer than the primary process of photoexcitation as commonly observed in transient photoluminescence spectroscopy, the processes involved in this TPV strongly correlates with the performance of these perovskite solar cells.