LED solar simulators currently face limitations in their spectral simulation capabilities, especially in terms of accurately incorporating AM0G and AM1.5G solar spectra. To this end, this study introduced a framework for an LED solar spectrum simulation algorithm that considers both AM0G and AM1.5G. This study examined the principle of solar spectrum discretization and reconstruction, established a foundation for analyzing the quality of solar spectrum reconstruction, and developed a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II)-assisted long short-term memory (LSTM)-based solar spectrum simulation strategy. This strategy integrates a multi-objective genetic algorithm to generate training datasets and a neural network for solar spectrum simulation. A dataset generation method using the NSGA-II algorithm was implemented, which leveraged the 6500 K standard blackbody spectral curve, the spectral curve offset coefficients, and the spectral distributions of various narrowband LEDs. An LSTM-based neural network for solar spectrum simulation was developed, with the RMSE serving as the evaluation function. The analysis and selection of 29 narrowband LEDs produced 5000 solar spectrum simulation training datasets. The trained LSTM model achieved spectral matching accuracies within ±10.5% and ±9.3% for AM0G and AM1.5G, respectively, meeting the A+ level simulation standard for solar spectrum reconstruction considering AM0G and AM1.5G. These findings provide a theoretical foundation and technical advancements for high-precision solar spectrum reconstruction, which has practical implications for improving the efficiency and accuracy of solar energy systems, as well as supporting further research on solar spectrum utilization, and is expected to influence the development of more efficient solar simulators.

To solve the international problem of global–local radiation features simulation of multi-spectral space targets, this paper proposes a multi-spectral space target simulation modulation algorithm that can combine global–local spectral radiation features. An overall architecture of a series-parallel multi-source information fusion space target simulation system (MITS) is constructed, and a global–local multi-spectral radiation feature modulation link is built. A multi-spectral feature modulation algorithm consisting of three modules, including optical engine non-uniformity compensation, global spectral radiant energy modulation, and local radiant grayscale modulation, is designed, and an experimental platform is built to verify the correctness and advancement of the proposed algorithm. The results indicate that the non-uniformity is better than 3.78%, the global simulation error is better than −4.56%, and the local simulation error is better than 4.25%. It is one of the few multi-spectral target simulation modulation algorithms worldwide that can combine the global whole and local details. It supports the performance test and technology iteration of multi-spectral optical loads. It helps to supplement the theoretical system of multi-spectral space target simulation and enhance the ground-based semi-physical simulation link of optical loads.

To address the limitations of unsound physical models and the lack of compensation mechanisms in existing multi-degree-of-freedom programmable lighting methods, we proposed a novel multi-degree-of-freedom programmable lighting approach. The maximum deviation of single-wavelength spectral distribution curves before and after compensation was reduced by 2 times, and energy distribution uniformity was improved by 19.42 times. The wavelength scanning, intensity encoding, and broadband target spectral modulation performances were verified. The spectral modulation errors for CIE standard illuminants A and $D_{65}$ were −1.78% and −0.86%, respectively. This research lays the foundation for high-precision optical detection and analysis, enabling applications in biomedical and material fields.

Existing stellar map simulators lack color temperature information, have a complex system structure, and cannot independently control the color temperature of stars. Therefore, this study developed an OLED-based semi-physical simulation method and a simulation algorithm for the stellar map with color temperature information to realize a semi-physical simulation of the stellar map close to the real situation in space. The study also aimed to independently control the color temperature of each star. The simulation effect of the stellar map with color temperature information was verified using four stellar maps. The developed simulator achieved independent and controllable color temperature information for each star in the stellar map.

Existing stellar map simulators lack color temperature information, have complex system structures, and cannot independently control the color temperatures of stars. Therefore, this study developed an OLED-based semi-physical simulation method and a simulation algorithm for stellar maps with color temperature information to realize a semi-physical simulation of stellar maps close to the real situation in space. The study also aimed to independently control the color temperature of each star. The simulation effect of the stellar map with color temperature information was verified using four stellar maps. The developed simulator achieved independent and controllable color temperature information for each star in the stellar map.