Fermentation is one of the oldest known production processes and the most technologically valuable in terms of the food industry. In recent years, increasing nutrition and health awareness has also changed what is expected from fermentation technology, and the production of healthier foods has started to come a little more forward rather than increasing the shelf life and organoleptic properties of foods. Therefore, in addition to traditional microorganisms, a new generation of (novel) microorganisms has been discovered and research has shifted to this point. Novel microorganisms are known as either newly isolated genera and species from natural sources or bacterial strains derived from existing bacteria. Although novel microorganisms are mostly studied for their use in novel food production in terms of gut-microbiota modulation, recent innovative food research highlights their fermentative effects and usability, especially in food modifications. Herein, Clostridium butyricum, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, Akkermansia muciniphila, Mycobacterium setense manresensis, and Fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) can play key roles in future candidate microorganisms for fermentation technology in foods. However, there is also some confusion about the safety issues related to the use of these novel microorganisms. This review paper focuses on certain novel candidate microorganisms for fermentation technology with a deep view of their functions, benefits, and safety issues.

The effect of diet on sleep quality has been addressed in many studies; however, whether/how plant-based diets (PBDs) impact sleep-related parameters has not been explored in detail. This review aims to give an overview of the components of PBDs and the possible mechanisms through which PBDs may improve sleep quality. Studies have indicated that diets such as PBDs, which are typically high in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and fiber, are associated with better sleep outcomes, including less fragmented sleep and improved sleep duration. Several mechanisms may explain how PBDs impact and/or improve sleep outcomes. Firstly, PBDs are characteristically rich in certain nutrients, such as magnesium and vitamin B6, which have been associated with improved sleep patterns. Secondly, PBDs are often lower in saturated fats and higher in fiber, which may contribute to better overall health, including sleep quality. Additionally, plant bioactive compounds like phytochemicals and antioxidants in fruits, vegetables, and herbs may have sleep-promoting effects. According to available data, PBD and Mediterranean diet elements promise to enhance sleep quality; however, it is crucial to note that diets should be customized based on each person’s needs.

Oxylipins are oxidized fatty acids, both saturated and unsaturated, formed through pathways that involve singlet oxygen or dioxygen-mediated oxygenation reactions and are primarily produced by enzyme families such as cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, and cytochrome P450. These lipid-based complex bioactive molecules are pivotal signal mediators, acting in a hormone-like manner in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases, especially cardiometabolic diseases via modulating plenty of mechanisms. It has been reported that omega-6 and omega-3 oxylipins are important novel biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases. Moreover, collected literature has noted that diet and dietary components, especially fatty acids, can modulate these oxygenated lipid products since they are mainly derived from dietary omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or linoleic acid and α-linolenic by elongation and desaturation pathways. This comprehensive review aims to examine their correlations to cardiometabolic diseases and how diets modulate oxylipins. Also, some aspects of developing new biomarkers and therapeutical utilization are detailed in this review.

Prostat kanseri (PCa), erkeklerde en sık görülen ikinci kanser türüdür. Beslenme PCa’nın başlama, gelişme ve ilerlemesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Prostat kanseri gelişimi ile diyetle yüksek enerji, doymuş yağ, rafine karbonhidrat ve hayvansal kaynaklı protein alımının yanı sıra düşük miktarlarda taze sebze ve meyve, tam tahıl, esansiyel mineraller ve fitokimyasalların alımı ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu derleme güncel beslenme modellerinin prostat kanserinin etiyolojisi ve tedavisindeki etkisini özetlemek amacıyla oluşturulmuştur. Literatür taraması 2000 yılından Mart 2022'ye kadar PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus ve Google Akademik'ten elde edilen makalelerin referans listesinin manuel incelemesiyle desteklenen elektronik veri tabanları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Web of Science, Scopus ve Google Akademik veri tabanlarından "Prostat Kanseri" veya "Diyet" veya "Beslenme" veya "Besin Alımı" veya " Diyet Modelleri" veya "Diyet Modelleri" terimleri kullanılarak taranmıştır. Güncel beslenme modelleri ve beslenme örüntülerinin PCa gelişimi üzerinde farklı etkileri bulunabilmektedir. Günümüzde farklı beslenme modellerine olan ilgi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, güncel beslenme modellerinin PCa gelişiminin önlenmesinde ve tedavisinde olumlu/olumsuz etkilerini mevcut çalışmalar ışığında irdelenmesidir.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diurnal Ramadan fasting on cardiometabolic risk factors (blood glucose, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines) and sleep quality in healthy Turkish adults. This prospective observational study was conducted with a total of 32 individuals (12 males, 20 females) who were aged between 19–32 years and fasted for 25 or more continuous days in Ankara, Turkey between 1 Ramadan 1442 and 30 Ramadan 1442. Individuals applied fasting for 16 hours in the spring season. Blood samples were taken after at least 8 hours of fasting, anthropometric measurements were taken and sleep quality was assessed using The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at the beginning and the end of Ramadan. There was a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels during Ramadan fasting (p < .005). There were no changes in lipid profiles and sleep quality. There was a significant increase in fasting blood glucose levels (p < .05); however, this change is within normal limits. There was also a significant relationship between BMI and CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels (p < .05). The diurnal Ramadan fasting did not affect lipid profiles and sleep quality in healthy Turkish subjects. However, decreased BMI and inflammatory cytokine levels were observed at the end of Ramadan fasting. More studies are needed to clarify the role of Ramadan fasting in healthy populations.