The emergence of an outbreak of Monkeypox disease (MPXD) is caused by a contagious zoonotic Monkeypox virus (MPXV) that has spread globally. Yet, there is no study investigating the effect of climatic changes on MPXV transmission. Thus, studies on the changing epidemiology, evolving nature of the virus, and ecological niche are highly paramount. Determination of the role of potential meteorological drivers including temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, dew point, wind speed, and surface pressure is beneficial to understand the MPXD outbreak. This study examines the changes in MPXV cases over time while assessing the meteorological characteristics that could impact these disparities from the onset of the global outbreak. To conduct this data-based research, several well-accepted statistical techniques including Simple Exponential Smoothing (SES), Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Automatic forecasting time-series model (Prophet), and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Explanatory Variables (ARIMAX) were applied to delineate the correlation of the meteorological factors on global daily Monkeypox cases. Data on MPXV cases including affected countries spanning from 6 May 2022, to 9 November 2022, from global databases and meteorological data were used to evaluate the developed models. According to the ARIMAX model, the results showed that temperature, relative humidity, and surface pressure have a positive impact [(51.56, 95% confidence interval (CI): −274.55 to 377.68), (17.32, 95% CI: −83.71 to 118.35) and (23.42, 95% CI: −9.90 to 56.75), respectively] on MPXV cases. In addition, dew/frost point, precipitation, and wind speed show a significant negative impact on MPXD cases. The Prophet model showed a significant correlation with rising MPXD cases, although the trend predicts peak values while the overall trend increases. This underscores the importance of immediate and appropriate preventive measures (timely preparedness and proactive control strategies) with utmost priority against MPXD including awareness-raising programs, the discovery, and formulation of effective vaccine candidate(s), prophylaxis and therapeutic regimes, and management strategies.

On July 23, 2022 the World Health Organization (WHO) has announced the Monkeypox disease (MPXD) as a worldwide public health issue. This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the overall case fatality rate (CFR) of MPXD worldwide during 1970–2022. The tenure-tracked MPXD outbreaks associated with CFR were calculated based on available published data from six different periods (i.e., 1970-79, 1980-89, 1990-99, 2000-09, 2010-19, and 2000-2022). A total of 229 peer-reviewed accessible articles were investigated, of which, 17 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the studies on MPXD CFR were published in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) providing 47% of data for the current meta-analysis. The overall pooled CFR of MPXD was 4.14% (range: 0.62% – 9.51%) during 1970–2022. In this study, total of 379 death cases were found from published MPXV based research articles where the pooled estimate CFR was 1.87%. The pooled CFR was higher during the earlier outbreak of the MPXD such as 10.71% in 1970-1979. With the progress of time, the CFR from MPXD followed a decreasing trend and reached 5.38% in 1980-1999 and 4.45% in 2000-2022. Young male children aged< 10 years were found to experience the worst outcome with a CFR of >73.0%. This is the first meta-analysis using 52 years of data which indicates that the CFR of MPXV is decreasing from previous years. The findings of this meta-analysis might be paramount for the policymakers to tackle MPXD and minimize the overall CFR of MPXD through strategic actions.

Background: Mental health issues, particularly anxiety and depression, among women of reproductive age, remain a significant public health concern, yet comprehensive studies addressing these issues are limited in Nepal. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, associated factors and wealth‐related inequality of anxiety and depression symptoms among women aged 15–49 years in Nepal. Methods: Data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2022 included 7410 women. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with anxiety, depression and combined symptoms. We also employed the concentration curve to assess wealth‐related disparities with mental health outcomes. Findings: The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was 5.4% (95% CI: 4.8% to 6.2%) and 7.5% (95% CI: 6.7% to 8.4%), respectively. Furthermore, 9.1% (95% CI: 8.2% to 10.1%) of the women experienced either condition, while 3.8% (95% CI: 3.3% to 4.4%) experienced both. Women with lower educational attainment, a higher number of children, unemployed partners, residents in rural areas and those living in Karnali province exhibited a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms. Women with limited mass media exposure were associated with a higher risk of anxiety and depression symptoms. Additionally, women with tobacco habits demonstrated a significantly higher risk of depression. Finally, wealth‐related inequality was evident; women with lower socioeconomic status were more vulnerable to anxiety and depression symptoms. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for targeted interventions addressing socio‐economic determinants and lifestyle factors, including tobacco use, to mitigate the burden of anxiety and depression symptoms among women in Nepal.

Abortion is a major public health concern globally [1]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 73 million induced abortions occur each year, with 45% being classified as unsafe [2]. Complications related to abortion, particularly unsafe abortions, contribute to more than 16 thousand maternal deaths and 1.1 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) every year […]

Mental health conditions, particularly symptoms of anxiety and depression among women of reproductive age, constitute a substantial public health burden. However, comprehensive studies on these issues are scarce in Mozambique. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety symptoms among Mozambican women of reproductive age using nationally representative data. We analyzed data from the 2022–23 Mozambique Demographic and Health Survey, including a sample of 13,183 women aged 15–49. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors, and a concentration curve was employed to assess wealth-related inequality of mental health conditions. Depression symptoms were reported by 10 % (95 % CI: 9.5–10.7) of women, while 11 % (95 % CI: 10.5–11.7) reported anxiety symptoms. Older age, skilled professions, and pregnancy were associated with higher odds of depression and anxiety symptoms. Conversely, women from wealthier households who engaged in agricultural work and had greater household decision-making power showed lower odds. Geographically, women in Nampula province had significantly higher odds, whereas those in Gaza province had lower odds. Also, significant wealth-related inequality was observed, with lower socioeconomic groups having higher mental health conditions. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions addressing socioeconomic and geographic disparities in mental health among Mozambican women. Efforts should focus on improving access to mental health services and integrating mental health care into broader public health strategies.

Cyberbullying refers to the act of using digital technology to engage in bullying. It involves the intentional use of the internet to demean or denigrate individuals, and it has been linked to substantial psychological distress globally. Despite its increasing prevalence, there remains a gap in nationwide research on its association with the mental well-being of female adolescents in Bangladesh. The main objective of this study was to understand the association of cyberbullying with major depressive disorder (MDD) among female adolescents in Bangladesh. We used secondary data from the 2019–20 Bangladesh Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Survey (BAHWS), a nationally representative survey. A multiple logistic regression model was used to identify the possible association between cyberbullying and MDD. Among the 4,984 female adolescents surveyed, 8% (95% CI: 7–9) reported experiencing cyberbullying within the past 12 months, and 12% (95% CI: 11–14) were found to have MDD. Among those who had experienced cyberbullying, the prevalence of MDD was 31%. Additionally, a dose‒response relationship was observed, where the burden of MDD increases with the frequency of cyberbullying experiences. Compared with those who did not experience cyberbullying, adolescents who faced any form of cyberbullying in the past 12 months were almost four times more likely (AOR: 3.97, 95% CI: 3.12–5.05) to have MDD. Cyberbullying is a significant issue among female adolescents in Bangladesh, with a higher risk of MDD linked to increased exposure. Accessible reporting mechanisms and timely counselling through teachers or healthcare providers can help reduce the long-term mental health impact of cyberbullying. Not applicable. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12888-025-07234-z.