Mehshan Ahmed Khan; Houshyar Asadi; Li Zhang; Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani; Sam Oladazimi; Chu Kiong Loo; Chee Peng Lim; Saeid Nahavandi. Application of artificial intelligence in cognitive load analysis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy: A systematic review. Expert Systems with Applications 2024, 249 .

Mehshan Ahmed Khan, Houshyar Asadi, Li Zhang, Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani, Sam Oladazimi, Chu Kiong Loo, Chee Peng Lim, Saeid Nahavandi. Application of artificial intelligence in cognitive load analysis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy: A systematic review. Expert Systems with Applications. 2024; 249 ():.

Mehshan Ahmed Khan; Houshyar Asadi; Li Zhang; Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani; Sam Oladazimi; Chu Kiong Loo; Chee Peng Lim; Saeid Nahavandi. 2024. "Application of artificial intelligence in cognitive load analysis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy: A systematic review." Expert Systems with Applications 249, no. : .

Borexino could efficiently distinguish between $\alpha$ and $\beta$ radiation in its liquid scintillator by the characteristic time profile of its scintillation pulse. This $\alpha /\beta$ discrimination, first demonstrated on the ton scale in the counting test facility prototype, was used throughout the lifetime of the experiment between 2007 and 2021. With this method, the $\alpha$ events are identified and subtracted from the solar neutrino events similar to $\beta$. This is particularly important in liquid scintillators, as the $\alpha$ scintillation is strongly quenched. In Borexino, the prominent ${}^{210}\mathrm{Po}$ decay peak was a background in the energy range of electrons scattered from ${}^7\mathrm{Be}$ solar neutrinos. Optimal $\alpha /\beta$ discrimination was achieved with a multilayer perceptron neural network, with a higher ability to leverage the timing information of the scintillation photons detected by the photomultiplier tubes. An event-by-event, high efficiency, stable, and uniform pulse shape discrimination was essential in characterizing the spatial distribution of background in the detector. This benefited most Borexino measurements, including solar neutrinos in the $pp$ chain and the first direct observation of the CNO cycle in the Sun. This paper presents key milestones in $\alpha /\beta$ discrimination in Borexino as a term of comparison for current and future large liquid scintillator detectors.

D. Basilico; G. Bellini; J. Benziger; R. Biondi; B. Caccianiga; F. Calaprice; A. Caminata; A. Chepurnov; D. D’angelo; A. Derbin; A. Di Giacinto; V. Di Marcello; X. F. Ding; A. Di Ludovico; L. Di Noto; I. Drachnev; D. Franco; C. Galbiati; C. Ghiano; M. Giammarchi; A. Goretti; M. Gromov; D. Guffanti; Aldo Ianni; Andrea Ianni; A. Jany; V. Kobychev; G. Korga; S. Kumaran; M. Laubenstein; E. Litvinovich; P. Lombardi; I. Lomskaya; L. Ludhova; I. Machulin; J. Martyn; E. Meroni; L. Miramonti; M. Misiaszek; V. Muratova; R. Nugmanov; L. Oberauer; V. Orekhov; F. Ortica; M. Pallavicini; L. Pelicci; Ö. Penek; L. Pietrofaccia; N. Pilipenko; A. Pocar; G. Raikov; M. T. Ranalli; G. Ranucci; A. Razeto; A. Re; N. Rossi; S. Schönert; D. Semenov; G. Settanta; M. Skorokhvatov; A. Singhal; O. Smirnov; A. Sotnikov; R. Tartaglia; G. Testera; E. Unzhakov; A. Vishneva; R. B. Vogelaar; F. von Feilitzsch; M. Wojcik; M. Wurm; S. Zavatarelli; K. Zuber; G. Zuzel; BOREXINO collaboration. Optimized α/β pulse shape discrimination in Borexino. Physical Review D 2024, 109, 112014 .

D. Basilico, G. Bellini, J. Benziger, R. Biondi, B. Caccianiga, F. Calaprice, A. Caminata, A. Chepurnov, D. D’angelo, A. Derbin, A. Di Giacinto, V. Di Marcello, X. F. Ding, A. Di Ludovico, L. Di Noto, I. Drachnev, D. Franco, C. Galbiati, C. Ghiano, M. Giammarchi, A. Goretti, M. Gromov, D. Guffanti, Aldo Ianni, Andrea Ianni, A. Jany, V. Kobychev, G. Korga, S. Kumaran, M. Laubenstein, E. Litvinovich, P. Lombardi, I. Lomskaya, L. Ludhova, I. Machulin, J. Martyn, E. Meroni, L. Miramonti, M. Misiaszek, V. Muratova, R. Nugmanov, L. Oberauer, V. Orekhov, F. Ortica, M. Pallavicini, L. Pelicci, Ö. Penek, L. Pietrofaccia, N. Pilipenko, A. Pocar, G. Raikov, M. T. Ranalli, G. Ranucci, A. Razeto, A. Re, N. Rossi, S. Schönert, D. Semenov, G. Settanta, M. Skorokhvatov, A. Singhal, O. Smirnov, A. Sotnikov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, E. Unzhakov, A. Vishneva, R. B. Vogelaar, F. von Feilitzsch, M. Wojcik, M. Wurm, S. Zavatarelli, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, BOREXINO collaboration. Optimized α/β pulse shape discrimination in Borexino. Physical Review D. 2024; 109 (11):112014.

D. Basilico; G. Bellini; J. Benziger; R. Biondi; B. Caccianiga; F. Calaprice; A. Caminata; A. Chepurnov; D. D’angelo; A. Derbin; A. Di Giacinto; V. Di Marcello; X. F. Ding; A. Di Ludovico; L. Di Noto; I. Drachnev; D. Franco; C. Galbiati; C. Ghiano; M. Giammarchi; A. Goretti; M. Gromov; D. Guffanti; Aldo Ianni; Andrea Ianni; A. Jany; V. Kobychev; G. Korga; S. Kumaran; M. Laubenstein; E. Litvinovich; P. Lombardi; I. Lomskaya; L. Ludhova; I. Machulin; J. Martyn; E. Meroni; L. Miramonti; M. Misiaszek; V. Muratova; R. Nugmanov; L. Oberauer; V. Orekhov; F. Ortica; M. Pallavicini; L. Pelicci; Ö. Penek; L. Pietrofaccia; N. Pilipenko; A. Pocar; G. Raikov; M. T. Ranalli; G. Ranucci; A. Razeto; A. Re; N. Rossi; S. Schönert; D. Semenov; G. Settanta; M. Skorokhvatov; A. Singhal; O. Smirnov; A. Sotnikov; R. Tartaglia; G. Testera; E. Unzhakov; A. Vishneva; R. B. Vogelaar; F. von Feilitzsch; M. Wojcik; M. Wurm; S. Zavatarelli; K. Zuber; G. Zuzel; BOREXINO collaboration. 2024. "Optimized α/β pulse shape discrimination in Borexino." Physical Review D 109, no. 11: 112014.

Nada Abdel Llah Abdullah Shaker; Anne Majumdar; Nicholas Straiton; Jane Bird; Stephen Ashby; Raj Sharma; Sherquita Waller; John Gareth Hughes. Autogenic training for chronic health conditions: A service evaluation. 2024 .

Nada Abdel Llah Abdullah Shaker, Anne Majumdar, Nicholas Straiton, Jane Bird, Stephen Ashby, Raj Sharma, Sherquita Waller, John Gareth Hughes. Autogenic training for chronic health conditions: A service evaluation. . 2024; ():.

Nada Abdel Llah Abdullah Shaker; Anne Majumdar; Nicholas Straiton; Jane Bird; Stephen Ashby; Raj Sharma; Sherquita Waller; John Gareth Hughes. 2024. "Autogenic training for chronic health conditions: A service evaluation." , no. : .