Comenius University Bratislava

Background/Objectives: Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized as a condition of mild chronic inflammation, marked by increased levels of acute-phase proteins and various inflammatory indicators. These inflammatory substances, along with inflammation of adipose tissue and the secretion of adipocytokines, can contribute to insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction. By influencing both innate and adaptive immunity, vitamin D can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines and help mitigate the low-grade chronic inflammation associated with T2DM. Several strategies have been proposed to increase vitamin D levels effectively and safely, but the recent and strong ones have common tactics. Short-term high doses increase the level acutely, and long-term lower doses maintain sufficient levels. Methods: The aim of our work was to determine and verify the effectiveness of high doses of vitamin D to safely increase its level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as the effect of these doses on selected metabolic parameters. Data from 20 studies (vitamin D group n = 612, and control group n = 592) regarding the influence of vitamin D supplementation with doses above 4000 IU on serum 25(OH)D, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, serum calcium, and parathormone were pooled. Results: Vitamin D supplementation significantly improved serum 25(OH)D levels, with an average increase after intervention versus baseline at 177.09%. Our studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may benefit various parameters in T2DM patients, including glycemic control, blood pressure, and PTH levels. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation may have beneficial effects on various parameters in type 2 diabetes patients, including glycemic control, blood pressure, and parathormone levels. However, the results are only sometimes consistent across all studies. Further examination is needed.

Filip Max; Andrea Gažová; Juraj Smaha; Martin Jankovský; Tomáš Tesař; Peter Jackuliak; Martin Kužma; Juraj Payer; Ján Kyselovič. High Doses of Vitamin D and Specific Metabolic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024, 16, 3903 .

Filip Max, Andrea Gažová, Juraj Smaha, Martin Jankovský, Tomáš Tesař, Peter Jackuliak, Martin Kužma, Juraj Payer, Ján Kyselovič. High Doses of Vitamin D and Specific Metabolic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2024; 16 (22):3903.

Filip Max; Andrea Gažová; Juraj Smaha; Martin Jankovský; Tomáš Tesař; Peter Jackuliak; Martin Kužma; Juraj Payer; Ján Kyselovič. 2024. "High Doses of Vitamin D and Specific Metabolic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Systematic Review." Nutrients 16, no. 22: 3903.

Shadow rate models of interest rates are based on the assumption that the interest rates are determined by an unobservable shadow rate. This idea dates back to Fischer Black, who understood the interest rate as an option that cannot become negative. Its possible zero values are consequences of negative values of the shadow rate. In recent years, however, the negative interest rates have become a reality. To capture this behavior, shadow rate models need to be adjusted. In this paper, we study Ueno’s model, which uses the Vasicek process for the shadow rate and adjusts its negative values when constructing the short rate. We derive the probability properties of the short rate in this model and apply the maximum likelihood estimation method to obtain the parameters from the real data. The other interest rates are—after a specification of the market price of risk—solutions to a parabolic partial differential equation. We solve the equation numerically and use the long-term rates to fit the market price of risk.

Lenka Košútová; Beáta Stehlíková. Calibration of the Ueno’s Shadow Rate Model of Interest Rates. Mathematics 2024, 12, 3564 .

Lenka Košútová, Beáta Stehlíková. Calibration of the Ueno’s Shadow Rate Model of Interest Rates. Mathematics. 2024; 12 (22):3564.

Lenka Košútová; Beáta Stehlíková. 2024. "Calibration of the Ueno’s Shadow Rate Model of Interest Rates." Mathematics 12, no. 22: 3564.

Ryan E Rhodes; Anna Banik; Zofia Szczuka; Matthias Burkard Aulbach; Ann DeSmet; Hannah Durand; Lauren Gatting; James Green; Emily Zelda Hillison; Radomír Masaryk; Theda Radtke; Benjamin P Rigby; Konstantin Schenkel; Lisa Marie Warner; Christopher M Jones; Aleksandra Luszczynska. Extending Our Understanding of the Social Determinants of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Families: A Systems Mapping Approach. 2024, 1 -16.

Ryan E Rhodes, Anna Banik, Zofia Szczuka, Matthias Burkard Aulbach, Ann DeSmet, Hannah Durand, Lauren Gatting, James Green, Emily Zelda Hillison, Radomír Masaryk, Theda Radtke, Benjamin P Rigby, Konstantin Schenkel, Lisa Marie Warner, Christopher M Jones, Aleksandra Luszczynska. Extending Our Understanding of the Social Determinants of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Families: A Systems Mapping Approach. . 2024; ():1-16.

Ryan E Rhodes; Anna Banik; Zofia Szczuka; Matthias Burkard Aulbach; Ann DeSmet; Hannah Durand; Lauren Gatting; James Green; Emily Zelda Hillison; Radomír Masaryk; Theda Radtke; Benjamin P Rigby; Konstantin Schenkel; Lisa Marie Warner; Christopher M Jones; Aleksandra Luszczynska. 2024. "Extending Our Understanding of the Social Determinants of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Families: A Systems Mapping Approach." , no. : 1-16.