To address the cracking problem caused by the weak tensile performance of concrete, this study investigates the failure mechanisms of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete under different fiber contents, single-blend, and mixed-blend schemes through splitting tensile tests and discrete element method (DEM) simulations. The tests employ 0.1–0.3% of 18 mm single-blend fibers and 6 mm:12 mm:18 mm (3:4:3) mixed-blend schemes, and PFC software is used to simulate crack propagation in fiber-reinforced concrete. The results show that the optimal 0.2% content of 18 mm single-blend fibers enhances the splitting tensile strength by 10.8%, whereas excessive 0.3% content reduces the strength by 7.8% due to poor dispersion. The mixed-blend scheme, via gradient crack-resisting effects of multi-scale fibers, increases the strength by 7.43% compared with the single-blend group at the same fiber content. DEM simulations reveal that fibers delay crack propagation through stress concentration transfer: single-blend fibers render tortuous crack paths, while mixed-blend fibers form three-dimensional crack networks, transforming the failure energy dissipation mode from single pull-out to multi-stage consumption. This research provides theoretical basis and optimization strategies for the anti-cracking design of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete.

This paper presents numerical simulation and analysis of two numerical experiments of wet soil granular flow down inclined chutes based on the JKR(Johnson-Kendall-Roberts)-cohesion model of the discrete element method. JKR is a cohesive contact model, which can reflect the influence of van der Waals forces in the contact range to simulate cohesive granular matter. A surface energy coefficient k_w was proposed to reflect the liquid surface tension between particles, and maximum surface energy (γ_max) of wet soil composed of uniform particles was obtained at 0.2 J/m². Computational results show that surface energy (γ) and granular size play significant roles in the simulation of wet soil granular flow. The larger surface energy is, and the stronger of adhesion between soil grains. Besides, surface energy also has a great effect on the average velocity and kinetic energy of the moist soil avalanches. With baffles on both sides of the inclined chute, the dry soil granular flow has the longest runout distance on the horizontal plane; with the increase of surface energy, the runout distance decreased gradually. However, without baffles on both sides of the geometric model, the runout distance of wet soil granular flow is farther, though expansion to the sides is more obvious. Wet soil with larger grains requires larger surface energy to maintain the soil structure intact during the sliding process. Furthermore, with the increase of granular size, the soil structure is not compact enough, and the cohesion between water and soil grains is extremely poor, which lead to the impact scope expanded of wet soil landslide disasters.