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Gong-Ren Hu
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China

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Journal article
Published: 09 July 2021 in Atmospheric Pollution Research
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To investigate the influence of pollution control on particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), 40 samples were collected before and during the 2017 BRICS summit (BRICS) in an urban and a suburban area of the city of Xiamen, China. The average urban and suburban area PM2.5 concentrations during the BRICS were 26.3% and 35.9% lower than those before the summit, respectively. Chemical characteristics of PM2.5, such as water-soluble ions (WSIIs), organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), macro elements and trace elements (inorganic elements), were measured. WSIIs and organic matter accounted for the highest proportions in PM2.5. During the BRICS, concentrations of WSIIs, OC, EC and inorganic elements decreased by 17.6%, 39.0%, 42.9%, 44.1% in urban areas and decreased by 0.9%, 35.1%, 53.8%, 79.4% in suburban areas. The influence of primary sources on WSIIs and carbon aerosol decreased and secondary formation increased. High O3 concentrations played an important role in the formation of secondary aerosols. However, the contribution of inorganic element sources did not noticeably change according to Pb–Sr-Nd isotope analysis. Pollution control during the BRICS was effective but not sufficient to reduce health risk from heavy metals in PM2.5, and carcinogenic risks from Cr, Cd, and As exceeded the safety value (10−6).

ACS Style

Shanshan Wang; Yu Yan; Ruilian Yu; Huazhen Shen; Gongren Hu; Shuai Wang. Influence of pollution reduction interventions on atmospheric PM2.5: A case study from the 2017 Xiamen. Atmospheric Pollution Research 2021, 12, 101137 .

AMA Style

Shanshan Wang, Yu Yan, Ruilian Yu, Huazhen Shen, Gongren Hu, Shuai Wang. Influence of pollution reduction interventions on atmospheric PM2.5: A case study from the 2017 Xiamen. Atmospheric Pollution Research. 2021; 12 (8):101137.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shanshan Wang; Yu Yan; Ruilian Yu; Huazhen Shen; Gongren Hu; Shuai Wang. 2021. "Influence of pollution reduction interventions on atmospheric PM2.5: A case study from the 2017 Xiamen." Atmospheric Pollution Research 12, no. 8: 101137.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2021 in CATENA
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Limited comprehensive information is available on the source-specific health risks for heavy metals (HMs) in tea plantation soils. In this study, the concentrations of HMs in tea leaves and their corresponding topsoils (0–20 cm) collected from South Fujian (including the three regions of Xiamen, Zhangzhou, and Quanzhou) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Factor analysis and absolute principal component score/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR) were used to quantify the pollution sources of HMs in tea garden soils. The human health risks of the HMs from different specific sources were further quantified by the health risk assessment model. Agricultural activities and natural sources were the largest contributors to the non-carcinogenic risk of HMs in soils for adults. Natural sources accounted for 80.29% and 80.31% of the carcinogenic risk to adults and children, respectively. Furthermore, the relative contributions of different sources to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were similar for adults and children. Co and Cr were the major contributors to the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of HMs in tea leaves by soaking, respectively. Generally, this study highlights the need to control and manage agricultural activities in tea plantation bases to mitigate health risks.

ACS Style

Wei-Hua Zhang; Yu Yan; Rui-Lian Yu; Gong-Ren Hu. The sources-specific health risk assessment combined with APCS/MLR model for heavy metals in tea garden soils from south Fujian Province, China. CATENA 2021, 203, 105306 .

AMA Style

Wei-Hua Zhang, Yu Yan, Rui-Lian Yu, Gong-Ren Hu. The sources-specific health risk assessment combined with APCS/MLR model for heavy metals in tea garden soils from south Fujian Province, China. CATENA. 2021; 203 ():105306.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wei-Hua Zhang; Yu Yan; Rui-Lian Yu; Gong-Ren Hu. 2021. "The sources-specific health risk assessment combined with APCS/MLR model for heavy metals in tea garden soils from south Fujian Province, China." CATENA 203, no. : 105306.

Journal article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Environmental Advances
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Heavy metals in PM2.5 (a global pollutant) are bio-accessible and highly toxic. Health risk assessment of bioaccessible heavy metals in PM2.5 was analyzed in the present study to relate the bioaccessibility with health outcomes. Then source-specific health risk was used to find out the major health abuser, which could provide reliable evidence for accurate pollution control. PM2.5 samples were collected in four seasons included spring, summer, autumn, and winter in urban and suburban areas in Xiamen, China. The order of heavy metals’ concentrations in PM2.5 was Cu > Zn > Mn > Ni > Pb> V > Co > Cr, urban area > suburb. Heavy metals in PM2.5 were mainly from anthropogenic sources that contributed more than 69.30%, 56.51%, 69.70%, 58.99% in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. Bioaccessibility of V, Pb, and Zn was relatively high, Co, Ni, Mn was relatively low after extracting by an artificial lysosomal fluid at pH=4.5. Bioaccessibility of Cr in spring and summer was higher than that in autumn and winter (60.4%–90.7% vs. 16.1%–69.2%) due to different sources and species in various seasons. Bioaccessibility of Cu after 1 d extraction was higher than that after 15 d extraction (69.6%–78.4% vs. 33.8%–48.2%) because of reverse adsorption of filter membranes and particulate matter. Health risks of bioaccessible heavy metals were lower than those of total heavy metals. However, both total and bioaccessible Cr and Cd had carcinogenic risks. Based on the combined positive matrix factorization-health risk (PMF-HR) model, industry, combustion, and traffic emission contributed the most to the health risk of Cr and Cd, followed by soil parent material layer. Our study provided a reliable method to calculate the bioaccessible heavy metal health risk and determine each potential source's contribution to health risk.

ACS Style

Shanshan Wang; Gongren Hu; Ruilian Yu; Huazhen Shen; Yu Yan. Bioaccessibility and source-specific health risk of heavy metals in PM2.5 in a coastal city in China. Environmental Advances 2021, 4, 100047 .

AMA Style

Shanshan Wang, Gongren Hu, Ruilian Yu, Huazhen Shen, Yu Yan. Bioaccessibility and source-specific health risk of heavy metals in PM2.5 in a coastal city in China. Environmental Advances. 2021; 4 ():100047.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shanshan Wang; Gongren Hu; Ruilian Yu; Huazhen Shen; Yu Yan. 2021. "Bioaccessibility and source-specific health risk of heavy metals in PM2.5 in a coastal city in China." Environmental Advances 4, no. : 100047.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2020 in Applied Geochemistry
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Bioaccessibility and provenance of heavy metals (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba, Pb) in the park dusts were investigated. The enrichment factors (EFs) indicated that Cd, Cu, and Zn were substantially higher enriched than the other heavy metals. An in vitro test of Solubility Bioaccessibility Research Consortium method (SBRC) and a modified sequential extraction method recommended by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) were used to determine heavy metals bioaccessibility. The average bioaccessibility index (K) of most heavy metals was above 0.2, excluding Ba and Cr. In particular, extremely high bioaccessibilities of Zn (K = 0.83), Cd (K = 0.74), Pb (K = 0.62), and Cu (K = 0.59) were observed in the park dusts. Based on the Pb isotope technique, coal dust, soil parent materials and fertilizers, and traffic sources were accounting for 58%, 35%, and 7% of Pb in the park dust, respectively. The principle component analysis and multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) results of the additive log-ratio transformation (coal combustion: 56.6%; soil parent materials and fertilizers: 36.8%; traffic sources: 6.6%) were more in good agreement with the Pb isotope technique results. Compared with the original data and the direct logarithmic transformation, the contributions were all positive values in the results of the additive log-ratio transformation, suggesting an effective method to open geochemical component data. Thus, the additive log-ratio transformation has strong interpretability in source appointment as well as better dimension reduction. This study provides an example to explore bioaccessibility in view of binding state and identify sources of multiple heavy metals in the park dust using properly transformed data in conjunction with Pb isotopes technique.

ACS Style

Lisi Zhao; Ruilian Yu; Yu Yan; Yifeng Cheng; Gongren Hu; Huabin Huang. Bioaccessibility and provenance of heavy metals in the park dust in a coastal city of southeast China. Applied Geochemistry 2020, 123, 104798 .

AMA Style

Lisi Zhao, Ruilian Yu, Yu Yan, Yifeng Cheng, Gongren Hu, Huabin Huang. Bioaccessibility and provenance of heavy metals in the park dust in a coastal city of southeast China. Applied Geochemistry. 2020; 123 ():104798.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lisi Zhao; Ruilian Yu; Yu Yan; Yifeng Cheng; Gongren Hu; Huabin Huang. 2020. "Bioaccessibility and provenance of heavy metals in the park dust in a coastal city of southeast China." Applied Geochemistry 123, no. : 104798.

Journal article
Published: 20 October 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Cadmium presence in soil is considered a significant threat to human health. Biochar is recognized as an effective method to immobilize Cd ions in different soils. However, obtaining effective and viable biochar to remove elevated Cd from postmining soil remains a challenge. More modifiers need to be explored to improve biochar remediation capacity. In this investigation, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of poplar-bark biochar (PBC600) and thiourea-modified poplar-bark biochar (TPBC600) on Cd speciation and availability, as well as on soil properties. Our results showed that the addition of biochar had a significant influence on soil properties. In the presence of TPBC600, the acid-soluble and reducible Cd fractions were transformed into oxidizable and residual Cd fractions. This process effectively reduced Cd bioavailability in the soil system. Compared to PBC600, TPBC600 was more effective in improving soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), available potassium (AK), available phosphorus (AP), and available sulfur (AS). However, this improvement diminished as incubation time increased. Results of Pearson correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis, and principal component analysis showed that soil pH and available phosphorus played key roles in reducing the available cadmium in soil. Therefore, TPBC600 was shown to be an effective modifier that could be used in the remediation of soil polluted with Cd.

ACS Style

Yanfeng Zhu; Jing Ma; Fu Chen; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Shaoliang Zhang. Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7654 .

AMA Style

Yanfeng Zhu, Jing Ma, Fu Chen, Ruilian Yu, Gongren Hu, Shaoliang Zhang. Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (20):7654.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanfeng Zhu; Jing Ma; Fu Chen; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Shaoliang Zhang. 2020. "Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20: 7654.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2020 in CATENA
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The differences in the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in the park soils between bioavailable and residual fractions remain insufficiently demonstrated. In this study, 52 park soil samples were collected in Xiamen, southeast China. A modified sequential extraction method recommended by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) was used to determine the speciations of V, Cr, Co, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba, and Pb. Differences between different fractions in the sources and risks of heavy metals were determined using the Pb isotopes, multivariate statistical analysis, and a human health risk model. Based on enrichment factors (EFs) and comparison with a previous record, the contents of Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in the park soils were significantly influenced by anthropogenic sources, while those of Mn, Ba, V, Cr, Ni and Co were partially impacted by human activities. The bioavailable fraction constitutes important proportions of Cd (82.0%), Cu (58.5%), Mn (58.4%), Zn (57.6%), Co (55.4%), and Pb (50.3%), but 68.6–85.4% of V, Cr, Ni, As, and Ba are mainly present in the residual fraction. Principal component analysis and multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) revealed that anthropogenic sources are the dominant contributors to the bioavailable fractions of most heavy metals, excluding Cr and Ni. However, 55.1–100% of the anthropogenic sources still contribute to the residual fractions of Cd, Ba, Pb, As, and Mn, which was confirmed by Pb speciation isotopes. These results imply that anthropogenic sources influence both the bioavailable and residual fractions, but more significantly impact the bioavailable fraction. The major contributing elements of Cr, Pb, and As as health risks mainly originate from soil parent materials, coal combustion, pesticides, and fertilizers. This study provides an example of source appointment between bioavailable and residual fractions to identify actual source-specific health risks of heavy metals in the park soil.

ACS Style

Lisi Zhao; Yu Yan; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Yifeng Cheng; Huabin Huang. Source apportionment and health risks of the bioavailable and residual fractions of heavy metals in the park soils in a coastal city of China using a receptor model combined with Pb isotopes. CATENA 2020, 194, 104736 .

AMA Style

Lisi Zhao, Yu Yan, Ruilian Yu, Gongren Hu, Yifeng Cheng, Huabin Huang. Source apportionment and health risks of the bioavailable and residual fractions of heavy metals in the park soils in a coastal city of China using a receptor model combined with Pb isotopes. CATENA. 2020; 194 ():104736.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lisi Zhao; Yu Yan; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Yifeng Cheng; Huabin Huang. 2020. "Source apportionment and health risks of the bioavailable and residual fractions of heavy metals in the park soils in a coastal city of China using a receptor model combined with Pb isotopes." CATENA 194, no. : 104736.

Journal article
Published: 14 April 2020 in Water
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Removal of aquatic cadmium ions using biochar is a low-cost method, but the results are usually not satisfactory. Modified biochar, which can be a low-cost and efficient material, is urgently required for Cd-polluted water and soil remediation. Herein, poplar bark (SB) and poplar sawdust (MB) were used as raw materials to prepare modified biochar, which is rich in N- and S- containing groups, i.e., TSBC-600 and TMBC-600, using a co-pyrolysis method with thiourea. The adsorption characteristics of Cd2+ in simulated wastewater were explored. The results indicated that the modification optimized the surface structure of biochar, Cd2+ adsorption process by both TSBC-600 and TMBC-600 was mainly influenced by the initial pH, biochar dosage, and contact time, sthe TSBC-600 showed a higher adsorption capacity compared to TMBC-600 under different conditions. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were more consistent with the adsorption behavior of TSBC-600 and TMBC-600 to Cd2+, the maximum adsorption capacity of TSBC-600 and TMBC-600 calculated by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was 19.998 mg/g and 9.631 mg/g, respectively. The modification method for introducing N and S into biochar by the co-pyrolysis of biomass and thiourea enhanced the removal rate of aquatic cadmium ions by biochar.

ACS Style

Yanfeng Zhu; Huageng Liang; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Fu Chen. Removal of Aquatic Cadmium Ions Using Thiourea Modified Poplar Biochar. Water 2020, 12, 1117 .

AMA Style

Yanfeng Zhu, Huageng Liang, Ruilian Yu, Gongren Hu, Fu Chen. Removal of Aquatic Cadmium Ions Using Thiourea Modified Poplar Biochar. Water. 2020; 12 (4):1117.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanfeng Zhu; Huageng Liang; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Fu Chen. 2020. "Removal of Aquatic Cadmium Ions Using Thiourea Modified Poplar Biochar." Water 12, no. 4: 1117.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2019 in Chemosphere
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The concentrations of Pb & Sr in Tieguanyin tea leaves and soils from 15 tea gardens of Anxi, China, were determined and the sources of Pb & Sr in soil and leaf samples were analysed using isotope tracing technology. The results showed pH in soils had significant correlations to both acid-extractable Pb & Sr in soils and new leaves. The Pb concentration in leaves was significantly lower than that in soils, especially the acid-extractable Pb in soils. The low Bio-concentration Factor (BCF) indicated the bioavailable Pb in soils could not easily be transferred to leaves. The contribution rates of parent material were 61%–100% and 45%–100% for total Pb isotope and acid-extractable Pb isotope in soils, respectively, indicating a low impact of human activity. A sizeable influence of parent material for leaves was also observed, suggesting that Pb may be present in the dust-fall. Although Sr concentrations in leaves were not high, they exceeded that in soils. The high BCF also indicated that tea has a high capacity to accumulate Sr, with the coincidence that Sr87/Sr86 in the acid-extractable isotope in soils were similar to new leaves. A Pb–Sr joint tracer indicated that Sr in old and new leaves may be influenced by parent material and anthropogenic sources, respectively.

ACS Style

Jingwei Sun; Ruilian Yu; Yu Yan; Gongren Hu; Qijun Qiu; Songhe Jiang; Jianyong Cui; XiaoMing Wang; Chao Ma. Isotope tracers for lead and strontium sources in the Tieguanyin tea garden soils and tea leaves. Chemosphere 2019, 246, 125638 .

AMA Style

Jingwei Sun, Ruilian Yu, Yu Yan, Gongren Hu, Qijun Qiu, Songhe Jiang, Jianyong Cui, XiaoMing Wang, Chao Ma. Isotope tracers for lead and strontium sources in the Tieguanyin tea garden soils and tea leaves. Chemosphere. 2019; 246 ():125638.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jingwei Sun; Ruilian Yu; Yu Yan; Gongren Hu; Qijun Qiu; Songhe Jiang; Jianyong Cui; XiaoMing Wang; Chao Ma. 2019. "Isotope tracers for lead and strontium sources in the Tieguanyin tea garden soils and tea leaves." Chemosphere 246, no. : 125638.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2019 in CATENA
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The concentrations of ten heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Hg) and Pb isotope compositions were investigated in two estuarine sediment cores collected in Quanzhou Bay, southeast China. The regional background levels of heavy metals in the estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay were established using the fine fractions (<63 μm) obtained from the sediment cores. The background values of Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn, Hg, and Fe were 37.14 mg kg−1, 19.79 mg kg−1, 130.86 mg kg−1, 0.24 mg kg−1, 42.18 mg kg−1, 10.31 mg kg−1, 20.89 mg kg−1, 612.60 mg kg−1, 0.07 mg kg−1 and 3.17%, respectively. The background values of most elements (Cr, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn, Hg, and Fe) detected for the estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay in this study were in the middle of the obtained ranges for other locations in China. However, the Pb and Zn background values in Quanzhou Bay were significantly higher than the Chinese average. The enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and contamination factor (CF) values indicated that sediment contamination associated with Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, and Cd has occurred since the nineteenth century. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), Cu, Zn, and Pb were clustered into a group, and their sources could be related to the mining of metallic ore deposits. The Pb isotope composition data from the dated sediment cores further suggested that the Pb sources transitioned from natural sources during 1715–1788 CE to Pb-Zn ore deposits during 1788–1935 CE and then to multiple anthropogenic sources, including Pb-Zn ore deposits and industrial and domestic emissions, in recent decades (1935–2009 CE).

ACS Style

Yu Yan; Lu Han; Rui-Lian Yu; Gong-Ren Hu; Wei-Fang Zhang; Jian-Yong Cui; Yan Yan; Hua-Bin Huang. Background determination, pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast China. CATENA 2019, 187, 104322 .

AMA Style

Yu Yan, Lu Han, Rui-Lian Yu, Gong-Ren Hu, Wei-Fang Zhang, Jian-Yong Cui, Yan Yan, Hua-Bin Huang. Background determination, pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast China. CATENA. 2019; 187 ():104322.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Yan; Lu Han; Rui-Lian Yu; Gong-Ren Hu; Wei-Fang Zhang; Jian-Yong Cui; Yan Yan; Hua-Bin Huang. 2019. "Background determination, pollution assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in estuarine sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast China." CATENA 187, no. : 104322.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2019 in Atmospheric Environment
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The chemical profiles of PM2.5 aerosols and PM2.5 fugitive dusts have been widely investigated in many cities; however, the characteristics and provenance implications of rare earth elements (REEs) and Sr–Nd isotopes have seldom been reported for PM2.5 aerosols and PM2.5 fugitive dusts. In this study, PM2.5 aerosol and PM2.5 fugitive (road, construction, and soil) dust samples were collected in Nanchang city, China, and analyzed for the characteristics and provenance implications via REEs and Sr–Nd isotopes. PM2.5 aerosol samples showed significantly higher ΣREE values (510.5 ± 347.4 mg kg−1) than PM2.5 fugitive dust samples (93.83 ± 35.23 mg kg−1 for road dust PM2.5, 185.0 ± 70.90 mg kg−1 for construction dust PM2.5, and 206.5 ± 34.28 mg kg−1 for soil dust PM2.5). Both the REE characteristic parameters and the chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns indicated LREE enrichment and obvious negative Eu anomalies in both PM2.5 aerosol and fugitive dust samples. As shown in 87Sr/86Sr versus εNd(0) plot and ΣLREE/ΣHREE-Eu/Eu*-εNd(0) plot, the REEs in the PM2.5 fugitive dust samples were mainly affected by coal combustion, steelworks and construction cements and were also influenced by the background soil to some extent, while the REEs in the PM2.5 aerosol samples likely originated from both the investigated local sources and other nonlocal potential sources.

ACS Style

Yu Yan; Quan Zheng; Rui-Lian Yu; Gong-Ren Hu; Hua-Bin Huang; Cheng-Qi Lin; Jian-Yong Cui; Yan Yan. Characteristics and provenance implications of rare earth elements and Sr–Nd isotopes in PM2.5 aerosols and PM2.5 fugitive dusts from an inland city of southeastern China. Atmospheric Environment 2019, 220, 117069 .

AMA Style

Yu Yan, Quan Zheng, Rui-Lian Yu, Gong-Ren Hu, Hua-Bin Huang, Cheng-Qi Lin, Jian-Yong Cui, Yan Yan. Characteristics and provenance implications of rare earth elements and Sr–Nd isotopes in PM2.5 aerosols and PM2.5 fugitive dusts from an inland city of southeastern China. Atmospheric Environment. 2019; 220 ():117069.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Yan; Quan Zheng; Rui-Lian Yu; Gong-Ren Hu; Hua-Bin Huang; Cheng-Qi Lin; Jian-Yong Cui; Yan Yan. 2019. "Characteristics and provenance implications of rare earth elements and Sr–Nd isotopes in PM2.5 aerosols and PM2.5 fugitive dusts from an inland city of southeastern China." Atmospheric Environment 220, no. : 117069.

Comparative study
Published: 02 May 2019 in Environmental Pollution
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Severe pollution caused by atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has become a global environmental issue. Samples of atmospheric PM were collected before and during the Chinese Spring Festival in Xiamen, a coastal city in Southeast China, to investigate their chemical characteristics, sources, and formation mechanisms. The results indicated that PM2.5 mass concentrations comprised 53.60% and 56.31% of total suspended particulates before and during the Spring Festival, respectively. Due to the halt of factory production and construction and the reduction of vehicle flow during the Spring Festival, the concentrations of organic carbon, elemental carbon and water soluble ions in PM2.5 decreased by 78.56%, 84.19% and 27.53%, respectively, compared with those before the Spring Festival. However, the concentrations of K+, Mg2+, Al, Sr, and Ba increased by 3121.76%, 571.67%, 183.71%, 180.15%, and 137.58%, respectively, resulting from the display of fireworks and firecrackers during the Spring Festival. Analysis of backward air mass trajectory indicated that the concentrations of PM2.5 and its components were dominated by local pollution sources before and during the Spring Festival. The relationships between meteorological conditions and pollutant concentrations showed that the secondary organic aerosol was generated from the heterogeneous reaction before the Spring Festival, and the secondary inorganic aerosol was formed by the photochemical reaction during the Spring Festival.

ACS Style

Shanshan Wang; Ruilian Yu; Huazhen Shen; Shuai Wang; Qichao Hu; Jianyong Cui; Yan Yan; Huabin Huang; Gongren Hu. Chemical characteristics, sources, and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 before and during the Spring Festival in a coastal city in Southeast China. Environmental Pollution 2019, 251, 442 -452.

AMA Style

Shanshan Wang, Ruilian Yu, Huazhen Shen, Shuai Wang, Qichao Hu, Jianyong Cui, Yan Yan, Huabin Huang, Gongren Hu. Chemical characteristics, sources, and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 before and during the Spring Festival in a coastal city in Southeast China. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 251 ():442-452.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shanshan Wang; Ruilian Yu; Huazhen Shen; Shuai Wang; Qichao Hu; Jianyong Cui; Yan Yan; Huabin Huang; Gongren Hu. 2019. "Chemical characteristics, sources, and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 before and during the Spring Festival in a coastal city in Southeast China." Environmental Pollution 251, no. : 442-452.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2019 in Atmospheric Environment
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To comprehensively analyze the characteristics and sources of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Sr, V and Co), urban road dust samples from nine roads were collected in Nanchang, China in September 2013. The average concentrations of above heavy metals were 0.4 (V)-5.4 (Cd) times of their corresponding soil background values. The distribution patterns of Cu, Zn, Sr showed higher values mainly located in the northern and eastern parts of the study area, which indicated heavy metals in polluted industry areas migrated easily to near road dust. Enrichment factors (EFs) indicated that Cd, Cu, Sr, Zn and Pb in the road dust of Nanchang presented enrichment to some extent. Although the concentrations of Cd and Cu in the road dust were much lower than those recorded in urban areas of foreign researches, the highest mean EF of Cd (EF=9) and the maximum EF of Cu (EF=30) should be taken into consideration seriously. Based on isotopes source apportionment, Pb was mainly from vehicular traffic and industrial emissions, with the contribution rates of 61% and 26%, respectively, and Sr originated from anthropogenic source and soil source, with contributions of 59.7% and 40.3%, respectively. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, total heavy metals primarily originated from vehicular traffic for 43%, industrial emissions for 29%, soil source for 21%, and unknown sources for 7%, and Pb derived from traffic emissions with mean contribution of 62%, and Sr from soil-derived dust with mean contribution of 58%. The isotope tracing results were in good agreement with the multivariate statistical analysis.

ACS Style

Lisi Zhao; Gongren Hu; Yu Yan; Ruilian Yu; Jianyong Cui; XiaoMing Wang; Yan Yan. Source apportionment of heavy metals in urban road dust in a continental city of eastern China: Using Pb and Sr isotopes combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Atmospheric Environment 2019, 201, 201 -211.

AMA Style

Lisi Zhao, Gongren Hu, Yu Yan, Ruilian Yu, Jianyong Cui, XiaoMing Wang, Yan Yan. Source apportionment of heavy metals in urban road dust in a continental city of eastern China: Using Pb and Sr isotopes combined with multivariate statistical analysis. Atmospheric Environment. 2019; 201 ():201-211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lisi Zhao; Gongren Hu; Yu Yan; Ruilian Yu; Jianyong Cui; XiaoMing Wang; Yan Yan. 2019. "Source apportionment of heavy metals in urban road dust in a continental city of eastern China: Using Pb and Sr isotopes combined with multivariate statistical analysis." Atmospheric Environment 201, no. : 201-211.

Original paper
Published: 10 November 2018 in Environmental Geochemistry and Health
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The metal content of Tieguanyin tea from Anxi, Southeast China, was studied. Leaching experiments were designed based on the local tea-drinking habits, and tea infusions were prepared using three types of water and two methods of soaking tea. Twelve metals (Cd, As, Cr, Pb, Se, Sb, Ag, Tl, Cu, Zn, Be, and Ba) were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and a human health risk assessment was performed. The results showed that the quality of water used for steeping tea has a direct effect on the leaching concentrations of metals in the tea infusion and this effect can be reduced by using pure water or commercially available drinking water. Further, the two tea-soaking methods used by local residents can reduce the metal intake. The health risk assessment determined that the carcinogenic risk values of Cr, As, and Pb (Cr > Pb > As) were within an acceptable range (10−7–10−4); therefore, the concentrations of these metals in tea infusions do not pose substantial carcinogenic risk to tea drinkers. The results also indicate that the high concentrations of Tl in the tea infusions pose a substantial noncarcinogenic risk and may result from the dissolution characteristics of Tl and the water quality.

ACS Style

Jingwei Sun; Gongren Hu; Kangkang Liu; Ruilian Yu; Qiuyan Lu; Yunfeng Zhang. Potential exposure to metals and health risks of metal intake from Tieguanyin tea production in Anxi, China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 2018, 41, 1291 -1302.

AMA Style

Jingwei Sun, Gongren Hu, Kangkang Liu, Ruilian Yu, Qiuyan Lu, Yunfeng Zhang. Potential exposure to metals and health risks of metal intake from Tieguanyin tea production in Anxi, China. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 2018; 41 (3):1291-1302.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jingwei Sun; Gongren Hu; Kangkang Liu; Ruilian Yu; Qiuyan Lu; Yunfeng Zhang. 2018. "Potential exposure to metals and health risks of metal intake from Tieguanyin tea production in Anxi, China." Environmental Geochemistry and Health 41, no. 3: 1291-1302.

Journal article
Published: 05 November 2018 in SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica
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Atmospheric PM2.5 samples from five sampling stations in the urban area of Quanzhou were obtained between March 2014 and January 2015. Samples of major potential sources for atmospheric PM2.5 of Quanzhou were collected simultaneously. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) were employed to analyse contents and isotopic compositions of lead and strontium of the samples. Clumped isotopes of lead and strontium were used to track the sources for atmospheric PM2.5. The results reveal that atmospheric PM2.5 of Quanzhou mainly originates from construction, traffic, coal combustion, incineration plants, and soil dust. The calculation method by the traditional isotope mixing model was corrected to solve the problem that the “clumped isotope mixing model” cannot quantitatively resolve three or more potential PM2.5 sources. According to the corrected isotope mixing model, the average contribution of each potential atmospheric PM2.5 source during the sampling period was determined. The contributions of construction, traffic, coal combustion, incineration plants, and soil dust are 23.3%–35.4%, 22.4%–52.9%, 10.1%–24.1%, 2.1%–4.8%, and 2.1%–14.5%, respectively. This indicates that the corrected model is applicable in certain cases.

ACS Style

Yunfeng Zhang; Ruilian Yu; Shanshan Wang; Gongren Hu; Jingwei Sun; Zongwei Zhang. Quantitative analysis of sources of PM2.5 by modified lead, strontium isotope mixing model. SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica 2018, 49, 399 -408.

AMA Style

Yunfeng Zhang, Ruilian Yu, Shanshan Wang, Gongren Hu, Jingwei Sun, Zongwei Zhang. Quantitative analysis of sources of PM2.5 by modified lead, strontium isotope mixing model. SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica. 2018; 49 (2):399-408.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yunfeng Zhang; Ruilian Yu; Shanshan Wang; Gongren Hu; Jingwei Sun; Zongwei Zhang. 2018. "Quantitative analysis of sources of PM2.5 by modified lead, strontium isotope mixing model." SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica 49, no. 2: 399-408.

Journal article
Published: 04 November 2018 in Atmospheric Environment
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Combined Pb-Sr-Nd isotopes tracing technique with positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis was used for source apportionment of metal elements in PM2.5 from Xiamen city, a coastal city in Southeast China. The results showed that the mean concentration of metal elements in PM2.5 in winter was 51.92% higher than that in summer. The air-mass backward trajectory analysis suggested that PM2.5 in Xiamen was significantly influenced by local sources during the sampling period. According to our study, metal elements in PM2.5 were mainly from plating and alloy industry and coal combustion, followed by soil and construction dusts, while traffic exhausts played a minor role. The carcinogenic risk value to human of Cr, Co, Ni and Cd, which mainly came from plating and alloy industry and soil and construction dusts, were exceeded the safe value (10−6), indicating the relative control measures should be taken for the above elements in PM2.5.

ACS Style

Shanshan Wang; Gongren Hu; Yu Yan; Shuai Wang; Ruilian Yu; Jianyong Cui. Source apportionment of metal elements in PM2.5 in a coastal city in Southeast China: Combined Pb-Sr-Nd isotopes with PMF method. Atmospheric Environment 2018, 198, 302 -312.

AMA Style

Shanshan Wang, Gongren Hu, Yu Yan, Shuai Wang, Ruilian Yu, Jianyong Cui. Source apportionment of metal elements in PM2.5 in a coastal city in Southeast China: Combined Pb-Sr-Nd isotopes with PMF method. Atmospheric Environment. 2018; 198 ():302-312.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shanshan Wang; Gongren Hu; Yu Yan; Shuai Wang; Ruilian Yu; Jianyong Cui. 2018. "Source apportionment of metal elements in PM2.5 in a coastal city in Southeast China: Combined Pb-Sr-Nd isotopes with PMF method." Atmospheric Environment 198, no. : 302-312.

Journal article
Published: 20 September 2018 in Journal of Geochemical Exploration
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Seventy-one samples of paddy soils and some potential sources (parent materials, fertilizers, coal combustion, vehicle exhaust and atmospheric dust) were collected from Jiulong River Basin. The concentrations of rare earth elements (REEs) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to investigate the spatial distribution and the main sources of REEs. The average total concentration of REEs was 266.86 mg·kg−1, which was higher than the local soil background (198.37 mg·kg−1), Chinese soil background (163.86 mg·kg−1) and World's crust (153.80 mg·kg−1). The spatial distributions of rare earth elements in paddy soils of Jiulong River Basin indicated a spatially homogeneous pattern respected to the concentrations. The concentrations of ΣLREEs and ΣHREEs and the ratio of LREE/HREE, (La/Yb)N, (La/Sm)N and (Gd/Yb)N indicated that the distribution patterns of REEs in paddy soils was LREE-enriched, whereas the LREEs showed a significant fractionation and the HREE showed no significant fractionation. Significant negative Eu anomalies and no significant Ce anomalies were observed in the soils according to the values of δCe and δEu. The results of enrichment factor indicated that all of the REEs were slightly enriched in the soils. The correlation analysis, REE distribution patterns, (La/Yb)N-∑REEs diagram and (La/Yb)N-(La/Sm)N-(Gd/Yb)N in the paddy soils and some potential sources were chosen to identify the source of REEs in soils. The results of source appointments indicated that the REEs accumulated in the paddy soils may be related to natural sources (in which Fujian granite may be the originator) and anthropogenic activities such as coal combustion and the application of chemical fertilizers.

ACS Style

Huabin Huang; Chengqi Lin; Ruilian Yu; Yu Yan; Gongren Hu; Qian Wang. Spatial distribution and source appointment of rare earth elements in paddy soils of Jiulong River Basin, Southeast China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 2018, 200, 213 -220.

AMA Style

Huabin Huang, Chengqi Lin, Ruilian Yu, Yu Yan, Gongren Hu, Qian Wang. Spatial distribution and source appointment of rare earth elements in paddy soils of Jiulong River Basin, Southeast China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration. 2018; 200 ():213-220.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huabin Huang; Chengqi Lin; Ruilian Yu; Yu Yan; Gongren Hu; Qian Wang. 2018. "Spatial distribution and source appointment of rare earth elements in paddy soils of Jiulong River Basin, Southeast China." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 200, no. : 213-220.

Journal article
Published: 11 September 2018 in Journal of Soils and Sediments
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The purposes of this paper are to investigate the geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) in the surface sediments of Jiulong River, southeast China, to probe the provenance compositions of the sediments, and to analyze the potential anthropogenic influence on REEs in the sediments. REEs and Sr-Nd isotopes were selected as the tools because REEs can be used to identify the anthropogenic effects on sediments and Sr-Nd isotopes have been widely known as powerful tracers for provenance analysis. Fifty-three samples of surface sediments (0~5 cm) were collected from Jiulong River. The concentrations of REEs and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions in the surface sediments were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), respectively. The chondrite-normalized and WRAS-normalized REEs patterns, enrichment factor, plots of La-Th-Sc and La/Yb-∑REE, and plots of εNd(0) vs 87Sr/86Sr and εNd(0) vs δEu are presented. The mean concentration of ΣREEs in the surface sediments of Jiulong River was 254.25 mg kg−1. The mean values of ΣLREEs (227.6 mg kg−1), ΣHREEs (26.64 mg kg−1), and (La/Yb)N ratios (9.24) suggested an enrichment of LREEs compared to HREEs. Negative Eu anomalies were observed in the surface sediments. The distribution patterns of REEs in the surface sediments from different areas of Jiulong River were remarkably similar. The values of 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, and εNd(0) were 0.714091~0.733476, 0.511875~0.512271, and − 14.88~− 7.16, respectively. The plots of εNd(0) vs 87Sr/86Sr, εNd(0) vs 1/[Nd], and εNd(0) vs δEu indicated that the sediments in Jiulong River were mainly derived from natural geological processes and the REEs might be also influenced by anthropogenic activities such as Fujian Pb-Zn deposit, coal ash, and industrial sludge. The REEs in the surface sediments at different sites are similar in geochemical characteristics, with a right-inclined distribution pattern and higher enrichment of light REEs (LREEs) compared to heavy REEs (HREEs), and a negative Eu anomaly but no evidence of Ce anomaly. The sediments in Jiulong River were mainly derived from natural geological processes (granite and magmatic rocks), and the REEs in the sediments were also influenced by anthropogenic activities (Fujian Pb-Zn deposit, coal ash, and industrial sludge).

ACS Style

Ruilian Yu; Chengqi Lin; Yu Yan; Gongren Hu; Huabin Huang; XiaoMing Wang. Distribution and provenance implication of rare earth elements and Sr-Nd isotopes in surface sediments of Jiulong River, Southeast China. Journal of Soils and Sediments 2018, 19, 1499 -1510.

AMA Style

Ruilian Yu, Chengqi Lin, Yu Yan, Gongren Hu, Huabin Huang, XiaoMing Wang. Distribution and provenance implication of rare earth elements and Sr-Nd isotopes in surface sediments of Jiulong River, Southeast China. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2018; 19 (3):1499-1510.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ruilian Yu; Chengqi Lin; Yu Yan; Gongren Hu; Huabin Huang; XiaoMing Wang. 2018. "Distribution and provenance implication of rare earth elements and Sr-Nd isotopes in surface sediments of Jiulong River, Southeast China." Journal of Soils and Sediments 19, no. 3: 1499-1510.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2018 in CATENA
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This study aimed to investigate soil profiles from four localities in Quanzhou, southeast China, namely an industrial zone (P51 profile), an agricultural zone (paddy field; P105 profile), a commercial residential area (P115 profile), and a traffic zone (P16 profile). Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, and Cu concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction was used for heavy metals speciation. The pollution sources in the soil profiles were examined using a Pb and Sr isotope tracing technique. The results showed that Pb and Mn were present throughout the P105 soil profile, while Zn and Cu in the surface soils exceeded background values. Pb pollution occurred deep in the soil profile, while Cu and Zn were enriched in surface soils, but not in the lower soils. In the P16 profile, Mn and Ni occurred throughout the entire soil profile, Pb occurred in the lower 100 cm of the profile, and Zn occurred in the topsoil. These values exceeded background levels, which was possibly due to contamination by traffic. In the P115 profile, only Mn in surface soils exceeded background levels, and there was only slight overall contamination by other metals. Heavy metals speciation analyses demonstrated that Mn, Cr, and Pb largely occurred in the form of non-residual fractions. Pb isotope tracing showed that sludge and bedrock parent materials were the main sources of Pb in the industrial and agricultural samples. Combining Sr and Pb isotope tracing confirmed the Pb isotope analysis.

ACS Style

Jingwei Sun; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Guangming Su; Yunfeng Zhang. Tracing of heavy metal sources and mobility in a soil depth profile via isotopic variation of Pb and Sr. CATENA 2018, 171, 440 -449.

AMA Style

Jingwei Sun, Ruilian Yu, Gongren Hu, Guangming Su, Yunfeng Zhang. Tracing of heavy metal sources and mobility in a soil depth profile via isotopic variation of Pb and Sr. CATENA. 2018; 171 ():440-449.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jingwei Sun; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Guangming Su; Yunfeng Zhang. 2018. "Tracing of heavy metal sources and mobility in a soil depth profile via isotopic variation of Pb and Sr." CATENA 171, no. : 440-449.

Journal article
Published: 02 March 2010 in Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
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The article presents the distribution and enrichment of acid-leachable heavy metals (ALHMs) Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Mn, and Fe in the intertidal sediments collected from Quanzhou Bay, southeast coast of China. The contents of ALHMs along with sediment texture, total organic carbon, S2 − , and CaCO3 in surface sediments were analyzed to identify the input of heavy metals from various sources. The enrichment of ALHMs in the sediments is mainly attributed to the intense industrial activities around Quanzhou Bay and to the serried activities of intertidal breed aquatics along the seacoast. The results also illustrate the association between the ALHMs with the finer fractions, organic matter, and Fe oxyhydroxides in the sediments. The above results were very supported by the multivariate statistical analyses, including correlation, principal component analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis. Comparative results of ALHMs in the intertidal sediments from Quanzhou Bay with those in other domestic bays and estuaries indicate that the study area has been enriched with heavy metals, especially with Zn, Cu, and Pb, during the past few decades. The results of the present study suggest that the authorities should pay attention to the current status and take some measures to control the heavy metal pollution in the study area.

ACS Style

Gongren Hu; Ruilian Yu; Jinxiu Zhao; Liping Chen. Distribution and enrichment of acid-leachable heavy metals in the intertidal sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast coast of China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2010, 173, 107 -116.

AMA Style

Gongren Hu, Ruilian Yu, Jinxiu Zhao, Liping Chen. Distribution and enrichment of acid-leachable heavy metals in the intertidal sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast coast of China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2010; 173 (1-4):107-116.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gongren Hu; Ruilian Yu; Jinxiu Zhao; Liping Chen. 2010. "Distribution and enrichment of acid-leachable heavy metals in the intertidal sediments from Quanzhou Bay, southeast coast of China." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 173, no. 1-4: 107-116.

Journal article
Published: 23 May 2009 in Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
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The concentration and speciation of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in surface sediments (ϕ ≤ 63 μm) of Jinjiang River tidal reach are determined to evaluate the metal behavior. A modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure is carried out, and the residual fraction is undertaken by microwave-assisted acid digestion. The index of geo-accumulation indicates that Cd appeared highest among all these heavy metals in surface sediments, Cr, Cu, Zn lower, and Ni, Pb the least. The percentage of Zn, Cd is comparatively higher in the acid soluble fraction, Pb and Cu higher in the reductive fraction, indicating larger potential danger to the environment. So it is essential for developing the future remediation plans and pollution control strategies.

ACS Style

Lijuan Wang; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Xianglin Tu. Speciation and assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Jinjiang River tidal reach, southeast of China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2009, 165, 491 -499.

AMA Style

Lijuan Wang, Ruilian Yu, Gongren Hu, Xianglin Tu. Speciation and assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Jinjiang River tidal reach, southeast of China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2009; 165 (1-4):491-499.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lijuan Wang; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Xianglin Tu. 2009. "Speciation and assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Jinjiang River tidal reach, southeast of China." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 165, no. 1-4: 491-499.