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Multifunctional state assessment was the basis of time sequence design of territory spatial development and overall utilisation. This study aimed to identify the ecological-production-living (PLE) territory spatial function to provide a basis for territory spatial planning. It took Henan Province as the research area. This study developed a methodology to assess differentiation characteristics for PLE function, a method that integrates functional merging and geographic information technology. We used the coordination degree model and spatial autocorrelation analysis to reveal the coordination of spatial functions of the province. The results were as follows: (1) During the study period, the land production function of main grain-producing areas decreased slowly, and production and living function values of the Central Plains urban agglomeration with Zhengzhou as the centre were in an upward trend. The characteristics of urban-rural dualization were prominent, and ecological function value decreased year by year. (2) The laws of territorial spatial functions had different manifestations in different stages (1990–2005 and 2005–2018). By different characteristic laws, the change in production function in the later period was bigger than that in the previous period. The living function maintained a good continuity expansion characteristic before and after. The spatial regularity distribution characteristics of ecological function were weak, and the overall environment became worse than before. (3) The territory space of middle and low coordination function types was the most important type, and the aggregation was relatively weak. Xuchang County and Weihui City showed better states of functional coordination aggregation. Lushi County, Xinxian County, and Shangcheng County, which were in the western and southern mountainous and hilly areas, showed low-low aggregation characteristics. Thus, the government will strengthen targeted control over territorial space. This study provides a reference for the overall deployment of the development and utilisation of territory space in Henan Province.
Jianchun Fu; Shaoliang Zhang. Functional Assessment and Coordination Characteristics of Production, Living, Ecological Function—A Case Study of Henan Province, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 8051 .
AMA StyleJianchun Fu, Shaoliang Zhang. Functional Assessment and Coordination Characteristics of Production, Living, Ecological Function—A Case Study of Henan Province, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (15):8051.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJianchun Fu; Shaoliang Zhang. 2021. "Functional Assessment and Coordination Characteristics of Production, Living, Ecological Function—A Case Study of Henan Province, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15: 8051.
Estimation of the ecological and environmental damage is viewed as an essential tool for effective decision-making in ecological restoration, especially involving high-intensity coal mining and high ecological vulnerability on the Loess Plateau, China. Using the Datong mining area on the Loess Plateau as a case study, we propose an integrated spatial estimation based on surface subsidence prediction, geographic information system, and field survey. The implications for regional ecological restoration are analyzed. Based on this inspection, the magnitude of ecological and environmental damage depended on a combination of risk factors, other than a single factor or evaluation target. Still, the geological hazard was the primary impact factor, especially surface subsidence as a result of underground mining. The results suggest that areas of severe, moderate, and slight damage accounted for 9.87%, 80.09%, and 10.04%, respectively. The methodology used was effective in determining the ecological and environmental damage that is consistent with the spatial distribution of subsidence. The proposed integrated estimation provides targeted measures for active, progressive, and passive interventions to improve and renovate the post-reclamation mining ecosystem and ensure sustainable planning in underground mining areas.
Huping Hou; Zhongyi Ding; Shaoliang Zhang; Shanchuan Guo; Yongjun Yang; Zanxu Chen; Jiaxin Mi; Xi Wang. Spatial estimate of ecological and environmental damage in an underground coal mining area on the Loess Plateau: Implications for planning restoration interventions. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 287, 125061 .
AMA StyleHuping Hou, Zhongyi Ding, Shaoliang Zhang, Shanchuan Guo, Yongjun Yang, Zanxu Chen, Jiaxin Mi, Xi Wang. Spatial estimate of ecological and environmental damage in an underground coal mining area on the Loess Plateau: Implications for planning restoration interventions. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 287 ():125061.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuping Hou; Zhongyi Ding; Shaoliang Zhang; Shanchuan Guo; Yongjun Yang; Zanxu Chen; Jiaxin Mi; Xi Wang. 2020. "Spatial estimate of ecological and environmental damage in an underground coal mining area on the Loess Plateau: Implications for planning restoration interventions." Journal of Cleaner Production 287, no. : 125061.
Cadmium presence in soil is considered a significant threat to human health. Biochar is recognized as an effective method to immobilize Cd ions in different soils. However, obtaining effective and viable biochar to remove elevated Cd from postmining soil remains a challenge. More modifiers need to be explored to improve biochar remediation capacity. In this investigation, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of poplar-bark biochar (PBC600) and thiourea-modified poplar-bark biochar (TPBC600) on Cd speciation and availability, as well as on soil properties. Our results showed that the addition of biochar had a significant influence on soil properties. In the presence of TPBC600, the acid-soluble and reducible Cd fractions were transformed into oxidizable and residual Cd fractions. This process effectively reduced Cd bioavailability in the soil system. Compared to PBC600, TPBC600 was more effective in improving soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), available potassium (AK), available phosphorus (AP), and available sulfur (AS). However, this improvement diminished as incubation time increased. Results of Pearson correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis, and principal component analysis showed that soil pH and available phosphorus played key roles in reducing the available cadmium in soil. Therefore, TPBC600 was shown to be an effective modifier that could be used in the remediation of soil polluted with Cd.
Yanfeng Zhu; Jing Ma; Fu Chen; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Shaoliang Zhang. Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7654 .
AMA StyleYanfeng Zhu, Jing Ma, Fu Chen, Ruilian Yu, Gongren Hu, Shaoliang Zhang. Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (20):7654.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYanfeng Zhu; Jing Ma; Fu Chen; Ruilian Yu; Gongren Hu; Shaoliang Zhang. 2020. "Remediation of Soil Polluted with Cd in a Postmining Area Using Thiourea-Modified Biochar." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20: 7654.
Underground mining often causes large‐scale subsidence, leading to various types of disturbances to surface vegetation. A quantitative assessment of the long‐term effects of underground mining on the growth of different plant communities is important and still lacking. To address these issues, a Vegetation Growth Contract Model (VGCM) was proposed, and six indicators including the growth trend (GT), annual growth (AG), normalized spectrum entropy (Hsn), as well as the average value of annual‐average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI; ANDVIave), annual‐maximum NDVI (ANDVImax), and annual‐minimum NDVI (ANDVImin) were selected. The long‐term effects of underground mining (EM) on the herb, shrub, and tree communities in the Nanjiao mining area, China, from 1987 to 2017 were evaluated. The results show that the plant communities which maintained the same type in the areas influenced and not influenced by mining, accounting for 48.07% and 46% of the total area, respectively. As for these plant communities, underground mining had a significant negative effect on the AG, ANDVIave, and ANDVImax of both the herb and tree communities, while it had a positive effect on the GT and Hsn of the shrub community. Overall, underground mining had a negative effect on these three types of plant communities, and the EMs of the herb, tree, and shrub communities were ‐15.10%, ‐6.79%, and ‐4.03%, respectively. This research could provide a reference for evaluating the long‐term effects of mining activities on vegetation, and also give more insights into the effects of underground mining on different plant communities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Jiaxin Mi; Yongjun Yang; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang; Simit Raval; Zanxu Chen; Yifei Hua. The long‐term effects of underground mining on the growth of tree, shrub, and herb communities in arid and semiarid areas in China. Land Degradation & Development 2020, 32, 1412 -1425.
AMA StyleJiaxin Mi, Yongjun Yang, Huping Hou, Shaoliang Zhang, Simit Raval, Zanxu Chen, Yifei Hua. The long‐term effects of underground mining on the growth of tree, shrub, and herb communities in arid and semiarid areas in China. Land Degradation & Development. 2020; 32 (3):1412-1425.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiaxin Mi; Yongjun Yang; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang; Simit Raval; Zanxu Chen; Yifei Hua. 2020. "The long‐term effects of underground mining on the growth of tree, shrub, and herb communities in arid and semiarid areas in China." Land Degradation & Development 32, no. 3: 1412-1425.
Forest monitoring is critical to the management and successful evaluation of ecological restoration in mined areas. However, in the past, available monitoring has mainly focused on traditional parameters and lacked estimation of the spatial structural parameters (SSPs) of forests. The SSPs are important indicators of forest health and resilience. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of estimating the SSPs of restored forest in semi-arid mine dumps using Worldview-2 imagery. We used the random forest to extract the dominant feature factor subset; then, a regression model and mind evolutionary algorithm-back propagation (MEA-BP) neural network model were established to estimate the forest SSP. The results show that the textural features found using 3 × 3 window have a relatively high importance score in the random forest model. This indicates that the 3 × 3 texture factors have a relatively strong ability to explain the restored forest SSPs when compared with spectral factors. The optimal regression model has an R2 of 0.6174 and an MSRE of 0.1001. The optimal MEA-BP neural network model has an R2 of 0.6975 and an MSRE of 0.0906, which shows that the MEA-BP neural network has greater accuracy than the regression model. The estimation shows that the tree–shrub–grass mode with an average of 0.7351 has the highest SSP, irrespective of the restoration age. In addition, the SSP of each forest configuration type increases with the increase in restoration age except for the single grass configuration. The increase range of SSP across all modes was 0.0047–0.1471 after more than ten years of restoration. In conclusion, the spatial structure of a mixed forest mode is relatively complex. Application cases show that Worldview-2 imagery and the MEA-BP neural network method can support the effective evaluation of the spatial structure of restored forest in semi-arid mine dumps.
Xiaoxiao Zhu; Yongli Zhou; Yongjun Yang; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang; Run Liu. Estimation of the Restored Forest Spatial Structure in Semi-Arid Mine Dumps Using Worldview-2 Imagery. Forests 2020, 11, 695 .
AMA StyleXiaoxiao Zhu, Yongli Zhou, Yongjun Yang, Huping Hou, Shaoliang Zhang, Run Liu. Estimation of the Restored Forest Spatial Structure in Semi-Arid Mine Dumps Using Worldview-2 Imagery. Forests. 2020; 11 (6):695.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoxiao Zhu; Yongli Zhou; Yongjun Yang; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang; Run Liu. 2020. "Estimation of the Restored Forest Spatial Structure in Semi-Arid Mine Dumps Using Worldview-2 Imagery." Forests 11, no. 6: 695.
In the ecological restoration of mine dumps, soil carbon stock (SCS) improvement is an important issue. The type of land use and management approach taken can have a great influence on this issue. On the Loess Plateau, different crops have been cultivated on reclaimed land; however, the effect of long-term crop cultivation on SCS is poorly understood. To address this issue, a field investigation of mine dumps was performed at the Kee Open Pit Mine in Shanxi Province, China. Four sites utilizing different land management methods were analyzed: no reclamation (NR), reclamation with no crop cultivation (NC), and reclamation followed by 11 or 27 years crop cultivation (RC-11 and RC-27, respectively). SCS, associated soil properties (total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), moisture content (MoiC), and pH), plant community (species composition, plant diversity, and traits), and microbial community operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of fungi and bacteria were determined by field investigation and laboratory analysis. Redundancy analysis was used to show the relationship between SCS and other environmental variables. Results varied by soil depth. At the depth range of 0–20 cm, the SCS of RC-11 was significantly greater compared to that in NR and NC, by 14.64- and 2.25-fold, respectively; whereas compared to RC-27, it was higher by 52.78%. At the depth of 20–40 cm, NC has the largest SCS; the SCS of RC-27 was the lowest, which was less compared to that in NC by 43.64%. Redundancy analysis showed a positive relationship between the SCS and TN, TP, MoiC, as well as average plant coverage, while the bacterial OTUs were negatively related with the SCS. This research suggests the potential of mine dumps for crop cultivation, which could improve the SCS of the mining area on the Loess Plateau.
Jiaxin Mi; Huping Hou; Simit Raval; Yongjun Yang; Shaoliang Zhang; Yifei Hua; Chen Wang; Fuyao Chen. Effect of crop cultivation on the soil carbon stock in mine dumps of the Loess Plateau, China. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 741, 139809 .
AMA StyleJiaxin Mi, Huping Hou, Simit Raval, Yongjun Yang, Shaoliang Zhang, Yifei Hua, Chen Wang, Fuyao Chen. Effect of crop cultivation on the soil carbon stock in mine dumps of the Loess Plateau, China. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 741 ():139809.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiaxin Mi; Huping Hou; Simit Raval; Yongjun Yang; Shaoliang Zhang; Yifei Hua; Chen Wang; Fuyao Chen. 2020. "Effect of crop cultivation on the soil carbon stock in mine dumps of the Loess Plateau, China." Science of The Total Environment 741, no. : 139809.
Visible and near infrared spectroscopy is an effective method for monitoring the content of heavy metals in soil. However, due to the difference between polluted soil with phytoremediation and without phytoremediation, the common estimation model cannot meet accuracy requirements. To solve this problem, combined with an ecological restoration experiment for soil contamination using the plant Neyraudia reynaudiana, this study explored the feasibility of using a hyperspectral technology to estimate the heavy metal content (Cd, Cr, and Pb) of soil under phytoremediation. A total of 108 surface soil samples (from depths of 0–20 cm) were collected. Inversion models were established using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and the back propagation neural network optimized by a mind evolutionary algorithm (MEA-BPNN). The results revealed that: (1) modeling with derivative-transformed spectra can effectively enhance the correlation between soil spectral reflectance and heavy metal content. (2) Compared with the BP neural network model, the estimation accuracy (R2) was improved from 0.728, 0.737, and 0.675 to 0.873, 0.884, and 0.857 using the MEA-BP neural network model. The residual prediction deviation (RPD) values for the three heavy metals Cd, Cr, and Pb using the MEA-BPNN model were 2.114, 3.000, and 2.560, respectively. Among them, the estimated model of Cd was an excellent prediction. (3) Compared with PLSR, the model prediction results established by the MEA-BP neural network had higher estimation accuracy. In summary, the use of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to predict heavy metal content provides a theoretical basis for further study of the large-scale monitoring of soil heavy-metal pollution and its remediation evaluation in the polluted area, which is of great significance.
Xi Wang; Shi An; Yaqing Xu; Huping Hou; Fuyao Chen; Yongjun Yang; Shaoliang Zhang; Run Liu. A Back Propagation Neural Network Model Optimized by Mind Evolutionary Algorithm for Estimating Cd, Cr, and Pb Concentrations in Soils Using Vis-NIR Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. Applied Sciences 2019, 10, 51 .
AMA StyleXi Wang, Shi An, Yaqing Xu, Huping Hou, Fuyao Chen, Yongjun Yang, Shaoliang Zhang, Run Liu. A Back Propagation Neural Network Model Optimized by Mind Evolutionary Algorithm for Estimating Cd, Cr, and Pb Concentrations in Soils Using Vis-NIR Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. Applied Sciences. 2019; 10 (1):51.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXi Wang; Shi An; Yaqing Xu; Huping Hou; Fuyao Chen; Yongjun Yang; Shaoliang Zhang; Run Liu. 2019. "A Back Propagation Neural Network Model Optimized by Mind Evolutionary Algorithm for Estimating Cd, Cr, and Pb Concentrations in Soils Using Vis-NIR Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1: 51.
Soil microorganisms play a key role in global biogeochemical changes. To understand the interactions among soil bacterial communities and their responses to extreme environments, the soil properties and bacterial community diversity were determined in the post-mining ecosystem of the Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that the soil temperature, pH, organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium values were significantly reduced in the post-mining cracks area. However, the richness and uniformity of soil bacterial communities increased by about 50% in the post-mining cracks area. Soil microbial community structure and the network interactions tended to be complex and strengthened in the post-mining cracks area. Moreover, soil nutrient loss caused the differences in soil bacterial community structure compositions in the post-mining cracks area. Furthermore, the relationships between soil physicochemical properties and different modules of the soil bacterial molecular ecological network were changed in a complex manner in the post-mining cracks area. This study provides a theoretical basis for adaptive management and response to cracks in post-mining areas and under other extreme conditions.
Zhanbin Luo; Jing Ma; Fu Chen; Xiaoxiao Li; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang. Cracks Reinforce the Interactions among Soil Bacterial Communities in the Coal Mining Area of Loess Plateau, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4892 .
AMA StyleZhanbin Luo, Jing Ma, Fu Chen, Xiaoxiao Li, Huping Hou, Shaoliang Zhang. Cracks Reinforce the Interactions among Soil Bacterial Communities in the Coal Mining Area of Loess Plateau, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (24):4892.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhanbin Luo; Jing Ma; Fu Chen; Xiaoxiao Li; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang. 2019. "Cracks Reinforce the Interactions among Soil Bacterial Communities in the Coal Mining Area of Loess Plateau, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24: 4892.
The value of a cultural ecosystem service depends on the perception of different cultural service categories. However, the data sources used in research on the perception of cultural service have limitations that mainly depend on social investigation, leading to slow progress in cultural service evaluation. With the advent of the era of network big data, social media provides a new data source for the study of cultural ecosystem service perception, so that the study of these services is expected to make new breakthroughs. Using search crawler software, this paper reviewed 7257 online comments related to 19 city parks in Xuzhou City, China. With the help of Rost Content mining semantic analysis software, the comment sentences were divided into keywords, and the Delphi expert method was used to classify these keywords. Thus, a cultural service perception database was established. Through statistical analysis, with the help of ArcGIS software, various cultural services were analyzed. The results showed that (1) the cultural services of urban parks could be divided into seven types (i.e., aesthetics, recreation, sports, inspiration, education, cultural heritage, and spiritual satisfaction) using social network comment data. (2) High-frequency keywords of online comment data can serve as the core basis during an analysis of the perception of cultural services by visitors of city parks. However, a large gap exists in the number of high frequency keywords in different parks. For example, Yunlong Lake Park has 2887 keywords, while Kuaizai Ting Park has only 33. (3) Differences exist in the perception of cultural service in urban parks, the park’s scale, and characteristics determine the visitor’s cultural service perception level. The aesthetic and recreation types were the most easily perceived, and 68% and 63% parks have the above two perceptual records, respectively. Therefore, the social media comment data has the ability to document perception of each park’s cultural service type and its differences, which can serve as the cultural ecosystem service perception as well as the valuation data source, to supplement the social investigation.
Peichao Dai; Shaoliang Zhang; Zanxu Chen; Yunlong Gong; Huping Hou. Perceptions of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Urban Parks Based on Social Network Data. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5386 .
AMA StylePeichao Dai, Shaoliang Zhang, Zanxu Chen, Yunlong Gong, Huping Hou. Perceptions of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Urban Parks Based on Social Network Data. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5386.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeichao Dai; Shaoliang Zhang; Zanxu Chen; Yunlong Gong; Huping Hou. 2019. "Perceptions of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Urban Parks Based on Social Network Data." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5386.
Understanding the changes in a land use/land cover (LULC) is important for environmental assessment and land management. However, tracking the dynamic of LULC has proved difficult, especially in large-scale underground mining areas with extensive LULC heterogeneity and a history of multiple disturbances. Additional research related to the methods in this field is still needed. In this study, we tracked the LULC change in the Nanjiao mining area, Shanxi Province, China between 1987 and 2017 via random forest classifier and continuous Landsat imagery, where years of underground mining and reforestation projects have occurred. We applied a Savitzky–Golay filter and a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)-based approach to detect the temporal and spatial change, respectively. The accuracy assessment shows that the random forest classifier has a good performance in this heterogeneous area, with an accuracy ranging from 81.92% to 86.6%, which is also higher than that via support vector machine (SVM), neural network (NN), and maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm. LULC classification results reveal that cultivated forest in the mining area increased significantly after 2004, while the spatial extent of natural forest, buildings, and farmland decreased significantly after 2007. The areas where vegetation was significantly reduced were mainly because of the transformation from natural forest and shrubs into grasslands and bare lands, respectively, whereas the areas with an obvious increase in NDVI were mainly because of the conversion from grasslands and buildings into cultivated forest, especially when villages were abandoned after mining subsidence. A partial correlation analysis demonstrated that the extent of LULC change was significantly related to coal production and reforestation, which indicated the effects of underground mining and reforestation projects on LULC changes. This study suggests that continuous Landsat classification via random forest classifier could be effective in monitoring the long-term dynamics of LULC changes, and provide crucial information and data for the understanding of the driving forces of LULC change, environmental impact assessment, and ecological protection planning in large-scale mining areas.
Jiaxin Mi; Yongjun Yang; Shaoliang Zhang; Shi An; Huping Hou; Yifei Hua; Fuyao Chen. Tracking the Land Use/Land Cover Change in an Area with Underground Mining and Reforestation via Continuous Landsat Classification. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1719 .
AMA StyleJiaxin Mi, Yongjun Yang, Shaoliang Zhang, Shi An, Huping Hou, Yifei Hua, Fuyao Chen. Tracking the Land Use/Land Cover Change in an Area with Underground Mining and Reforestation via Continuous Landsat Classification. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (14):1719.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiaxin Mi; Yongjun Yang; Shaoliang Zhang; Shi An; Huping Hou; Yifei Hua; Fuyao Chen. 2019. "Tracking the Land Use/Land Cover Change in an Area with Underground Mining and Reforestation via Continuous Landsat Classification." Remote Sensing 11, no. 14: 1719.
Knowledge of the interactions among different microorganisms is important to understand how ecological function transformation is affected by elevated CO2 levels in CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) sites. Molecular ecological networks were established to reveal the interactions among different microbes of the soil bacterial community with the high-throughput sequencing data of 16S rRNA genes. The results showed that these networks are a powerful tool to identify and explain the interactions and keystone species in the communities under elevated CO2 pressure. The structures of networks under different CO2 leakage concentrations were different as a result of the networks’ topology properties, such as node numbers, topological roles of individual nodes, and network hubs. These indicators imply that the interactions among different groups were obviously changed. Moreover, changes in the network structure were significantly correlated with soil pH value, which might suggest that the large CO2 leakage affected the soil ecosystem functions by changing the network interactions. Additionally, the key microbial populations such as Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were distinguished based on network topology to reveal community structure and ecosystem functioning. The work developed in this study could help microbiologists to address some research questions that could not be approached previously, and, hence, might represent a new area of research for microbial ecology.
Jing Ma; Zhanbin Luo; Fu Chen; Run Chen; Qianlin Zhu; Shaoliang Zhang. Impacts of Elevated CO2 Levels on the Soil Bacterial Community in a Natural CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery Area. Diversity 2019, 11, 77 .
AMA StyleJing Ma, Zhanbin Luo, Fu Chen, Run Chen, Qianlin Zhu, Shaoliang Zhang. Impacts of Elevated CO2 Levels on the Soil Bacterial Community in a Natural CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery Area. Diversity. 2019; 11 (5):77.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing Ma; Zhanbin Luo; Fu Chen; Run Chen; Qianlin Zhu; Shaoliang Zhang. 2019. "Impacts of Elevated CO2 Levels on the Soil Bacterial Community in a Natural CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery Area." Diversity 11, no. 5: 77.
Wetlands provide many essential ecosystem services for human well-being. The ecological assessment of wetland ecosystem services is problematic and thus is an important focus in the field of ecological research. In this study, an ecological assessment system containing the ecosystem product value, ecosystem regulation service value, and ecosystem cultural service value was established to calculate the gross ecosystem product in the Nansi Lake Wetland, China. Based on remote sensing images, field studies, and literature reviews, the gross ecosystem product was estimated for the years 1985, 1992, 2005, 2011, and 2017. The results showed that the gross ecosystem product of the Nansi Lake Wetland increased from 40.91 × 108 USD in 1985 to 46.28 × 108 USD in 2017. The gross ecosystem product of the altered wetlands increased by about 8.5 times with a rising linear relationship, while natural wetlands presented a nonlinear relationship. Furthermore, except for the changes in climatic condition, anthropogenic interference factors such as coal mining activities, farming practices, and government policies have promoted significant services in the Nansi Lake Wetland over the past 30 years. This study could provide important insight into the ecological assessment of wetland ecosystems and thus inform policy for the protection and better use of wetland resources.
Fan Wang; Shaoliang Zhang; Huping Hou; Yongjun Yang; Yunlong Gong. Assessing the Changes of Ecosystem Services in the Nansi Lake Wetland, China. Water 2019, 11, 788 .
AMA StyleFan Wang, Shaoliang Zhang, Huping Hou, Yongjun Yang, Yunlong Gong. Assessing the Changes of Ecosystem Services in the Nansi Lake Wetland, China. Water. 2019; 11 (4):788.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFan Wang; Shaoliang Zhang; Huping Hou; Yongjun Yang; Yunlong Gong. 2019. "Assessing the Changes of Ecosystem Services in the Nansi Lake Wetland, China." Water 11, no. 4: 788.
Electronic waste (e-waste) represents a severe global environmental issue due to the fast upgrading and updating of electronic products and the high environmental risk. Current low recycling technology, high economic cost, and weak disposal capability make it difficult for e-waste to be rendered 100% harmless. E-waste disposal requires new site-selection methods and site-saving technology to take into account the loss of public perceived value. This study attempts to improve e-waste disposal through siting and landscaping to reduce perceived value loss. The first step is to determine the minimum distance for landfill siting by surveying the minimum loss of perceived value and to use the geographic information system (GIS) to sketch the suitable landfill site thereafter. To optimize the landfill landscape, a landscape infrastructure and its filling process have been designed to reduce the environmental risk and ensure future reuse potential. The application case showed that the minimum distance is 521 m, which was sensitive to the educational level and occupation of residents. The key to landfill landscaping is the construction of isolation layers and the integration of the landfill and urban landscape. The method described in this paper is characterized by minimizing the perceived loss of value to the public, reducing environmental risks, and preserving the resource value of e-waste. This design could provide an alternative to current electronic waste processing methods.
Fu Chen; Xiaoxiao Li; Yongjun Yang; Huping Hou; Gang-Jun Liu; Shaoliang Zhang. Storing E-waste in Green Infrastructure to Reduce Perceived Value Loss through Landfill Siting and Landscaping: A Case Study in Nanjing, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1829 .
AMA StyleFu Chen, Xiaoxiao Li, Yongjun Yang, Huping Hou, Gang-Jun Liu, Shaoliang Zhang. Storing E-waste in Green Infrastructure to Reduce Perceived Value Loss through Landfill Siting and Landscaping: A Case Study in Nanjing, China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (7):1829.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Xiaoxiao Li; Yongjun Yang; Huping Hou; Gang-Jun Liu; Shaoliang Zhang. 2019. "Storing E-waste in Green Infrastructure to Reduce Perceived Value Loss through Landfill Siting and Landscaping: A Case Study in Nanjing, China." Sustainability 11, no. 7: 1829.
As an essential ecological parameter, soil moisture is important for understanding the water exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere, especially in the Loess Plateau (China). Although Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images can be used for soil moisture retrieval, it is still a challenge to mitigate the impacts of complex terrain over hilly areas. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose an improved approach for soil moisture estimation in gully fields based on the joint use of the Advanced Integral Equation Model (AIEM) and the Incidence Angle Correction Model (IACM) from Sentinel-1A observations. AIEM is utilized to build a simulation database of microwave backscattering coefficients from various radar parameters and surface parameters, which is the data basis for the retrieval modeling. IACM is proposed to correct the deviation between the local incidence angle at the scatterer and the radar viewing angle. The study area is located in the Loess Plateau of China, where the main land cover is mostly bare land and the terrain is complex. The Sentinel-1A SAR data in C-band with dual polarization acquired on October 19th, 2017 was adopted to extract the VV&VH polarimetric backscattering coefficients. The in situ measurements of soil moisture were collected on the same day of the SAR acquisition, for evaluating the accuracy of the SAR-derived soil moisture. The results showed that, firstly, the estimated soil moisture with volumetric content between 0% and 20% was in the majority. Subsequently, both the RMSE of estimation values (0.963%) and the standard deviation of absolute errors (0.957%) demonstrated a good accuracy of the improved approach. Moreover, the evaluation of IACM confirmed that the improved approach coupling IACM and AIEM was more efficient than employing AIEM solely. In conclusion, the proposed approach has a strong ability to estimate the soil moisture in the gully fields of the Loess Plateau from Sentinel-1A data.
Shanchuan Guo; Xuyu Bai; Yu Chen; Shaoliang Zhang; Huping Hou; Qianlin Zhu; Peijun Du. An Improved Approach for Soil Moisture Estimation in Gully Fields of the Loess Plateau Using Sentinel-1A Radar Images. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 349 .
AMA StyleShanchuan Guo, Xuyu Bai, Yu Chen, Shaoliang Zhang, Huping Hou, Qianlin Zhu, Peijun Du. An Improved Approach for Soil Moisture Estimation in Gully Fields of the Loess Plateau Using Sentinel-1A Radar Images. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (3):349.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShanchuan Guo; Xuyu Bai; Yu Chen; Shaoliang Zhang; Huping Hou; Qianlin Zhu; Peijun Du. 2019. "An Improved Approach for Soil Moisture Estimation in Gully Fields of the Loess Plateau Using Sentinel-1A Radar Images." Remote Sensing 11, no. 3: 349.
Access to sports and fitness activities is vital for individual well-being in crowded and stressful modern cities, but there has been little research exploring the valuation of sports services within cultural ecosystem services. The availability of social network data from mobile personal training applications opens the door to a new basis for research. For this paper, we used 934 data samples collected by the Codoon fitness application from October 2016 to September 2017 to develop a model for the valuation of sports services at Yunlong Lake–Yunlong Mountain Park. This model utilized data regarding the duration of exercise and the average hourly fee charged by a gym, along with the efficiency coefficient, the sports preference coefficient, and the income reduction method. The results of our proposed model showed that the value of sports services for the 934 sampled users was 47,624.92 CNY (7,286.61 USD; 1 CNY = 0.153 USD). The average values for the 839 running samples and 95 walking samples were 48.41 CNY (7.40 USD) and 73.81 CNY (11.29 USD), respectively. We estimated the annual benefits of the park’s sports services as 108,504,761.6 CNY (16.6 million USD), indicating the value of the park’s sports services to be about 7.23 billion CNY (1.1 billion USD). These results demonstrated that our proposed use of data from fitness-oriented mobile applications can provide a new approach to the appraisal of sports services within cultural ecosystem services.
Peichao Dai; Shaoliang Zhang; Huping Hou; Yongjun Yang; Run Liu. Valuing sports services in urban parks: A new model based on social network data. Ecosystem Services 2019, 36, 100891 .
AMA StylePeichao Dai, Shaoliang Zhang, Huping Hou, Yongjun Yang, Run Liu. Valuing sports services in urban parks: A new model based on social network data. Ecosystem Services. 2019; 36 ():100891.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeichao Dai; Shaoliang Zhang; Huping Hou; Yongjun Yang; Run Liu. 2019. "Valuing sports services in urban parks: A new model based on social network data." Ecosystem Services 36, no. : 100891.
The ecological rehabilitation of potential toxic metal-contaminated soils in sites disturbed by mining has been a great challenge in recent decades. Phytoremediation is one of the most widely promoted renovation methods due to its environmental friendliness and low cost. However, there is a lack of in situ investigation on the influence of vegetation pattern and spontaneous succession on the rehabilitation of potential toxic metal-polluted soil. To clarify how the vegetation pattern in the early stage of restoration and the spontaneous succession influence the remediation of the soil, we investigated a metal mining dump in Sichuan, China, by field investigation and laboratory analysis. We determined the plant growth, soil fertility, and the capacity of potential toxic metals (PTMs) in metal mining soil under different initial vegetation patterns for different years to understand the role of vegetation pattern and spontaneous succession in PTM pollution phytoremediation projects. The results show that: (1) Phytoremediation with a simple initial vegetation pattern (RP rehabilitative plant pattern) which involves two rehabilitation plants, Agave sisalana and Neyraudia reynaudiana, achieves a PTM pollution index that is 9.28% lower than that obtained with the complex vegetation pattern (RP&LP rehabilitation plants mixed with local plants pattern), 21.86% lower in the soil fertility index, and 73.69% lower in the biodiversity index; (2) The phytoremediation with the 10-year RP&LP pattern was associated with a PTM pollution index that was 4.04% higher than that for the 17-year RP&LP pattern, a soil fertility index that was 4.48% lower, and a biodiversity index that was 12.49% lower. During the process of vegetation succession, if accumulator plants face inhibition of growth or retreat, the reclamation rate will decrease. The vegetation patterns influence the effect of phytoremediation. Spontaneous vegetation succession will cause the phytoremediation process to deviate from the intended target. Therefore, according to the goal of vegetation restoration, choosing a suitable vegetation pattern is the main premise to ensure the effect of phytoremediation. The indispensable manipulation of succession is significant during the succession series, and more attention should be paid to the rehabilitative plants to ensure the stable effect of reclamation. The results obtained in this study could provide a guideline for the in situ remediation of PTM-polluted soil in China.
Fuyao Chen; Yongjun Yang; Jiaxin Mi; Run Liu; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang. Effects of Vegetation Pattern and Spontaneous Succession on Remediation of Potential Toxic Metal-Polluted Soil in Mine Dumps. Sustainability 2019, 11, 397 .
AMA StyleFuyao Chen, Yongjun Yang, Jiaxin Mi, Run Liu, Huping Hou, Shaoliang Zhang. Effects of Vegetation Pattern and Spontaneous Succession on Remediation of Potential Toxic Metal-Polluted Soil in Mine Dumps. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (2):397.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFuyao Chen; Yongjun Yang; Jiaxin Mi; Run Liu; Huping Hou; Shaoliang Zhang. 2019. "Effects of Vegetation Pattern and Spontaneous Succession on Remediation of Potential Toxic Metal-Polluted Soil in Mine Dumps." Sustainability 11, no. 2: 397.
The oxidation of para-nitrochlorobenzene (pNCB) by persulfate (PS) activated with zero-valent iron (Fe0) was investigated through a series of batch experiments. The pNCB reduction ratio increased with the decrease of the initial solution pH. It is found that temperature and Fe0 dosage could also influence the pNCB removal. Under the conditions of initial Fe0 dosage 0.8 mmol/g, initial pH of 6.6, and 25 °C, 66.3% of pNCB was reduced in 6 h. The pNCB was slightly degraded in the presence of PS alone. When PS was dosed after 2 h of Fe0 reduction, significantly higher pNCB removal (94.1%) and mineralization (36.4%) were obtained relative to the case of simultaneous dosing of Fe0 and PS (85.3% removal, 22.6% mineralization). This indicates that the reduction product of pNCB was more easily oxidized by PS than pNCB, suggesting that converting the nitro groups of pNCB to amino groups prior to oxidation can enhance their oxidation. These results suggest that a sequential Fe0 reduction–PS oxidation process may be an effective strategy to promote pNCB decomposition in contaminated soil.
Fu Chen; Siyan Zeng; Jing Ma; Qianlin Zhu; Shaoliang Zhang. Degradation of Para-nitrochlorobenzene by the Combination of Zero-valent Iron Reduction and Persulfate Oxidation in Soil. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2018, 229, 333 .
AMA StyleFu Chen, Siyan Zeng, Jing Ma, Qianlin Zhu, Shaoliang Zhang. Degradation of Para-nitrochlorobenzene by the Combination of Zero-valent Iron Reduction and Persulfate Oxidation in Soil. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2018; 229 (10):333.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Siyan Zeng; Jing Ma; Qianlin Zhu; Shaoliang Zhang. 2018. "Degradation of Para-nitrochlorobenzene by the Combination of Zero-valent Iron Reduction and Persulfate Oxidation in Soil." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 229, no. 10: 333.
A rapid increase in underground mining in a semi-arid area of China has led to serious concerns about the health of vegetation overlying these coal seams. However, there have been no empirical studies to illustrate the response and persistence of surface vegetation in these underground mining areas. A combination of field assessments with remote sensing was used to examine vegetation patterns and responses to underground mining, while laying a foundation for environmental protection. The study area lies in a vulnerable watershed exposed to hazards caused by underground coal mining, located on the southern edge of Inner Mongolia in China. The results demonstrate that hydrological factors and soil attributes, including groundwater levels, soil organic matter, and soil moisture, control the structure of the local vegetation community. After mining begins, the vegetation community index based on plant density, coverage, and biomass in areas affected by subsidence fractures decreases by 0–21.5%. Nevertheless, the average Normalized Differential Vegetation Index at the entire watershed scale increased by 15% from 2001 to 2016, although this change appeared to be primarily related to rainfall. This study confirmed that underground coal mining in the watershed has not caused extensive vegetation degradation as feared. Positive climatic trends, the maintenance of important mudstone strata below a phreatic aquifer and the adaptation of vegetation to drought, contributed to the persistence of surface vegetation in underground mining areas. Considering that mining activities usually last for several years, resilience management, including approaches such as protection of important variables, long-term monitoring, and adaptive management, should be adopted in support of conservation and sustainable mining in this watershed and at similar mine sites.
Yongjun Yang; Peter Erskine; Shaoliang Zhang; Yunjia Wang; Zhengfu Bian; Shaogang Lei. Effects of underground mining on vegetation and environmental patterns in a semi-arid watershed with implications for resilience management. Environmental Earth Sciences 2018, 77, 605 .
AMA StyleYongjun Yang, Peter Erskine, Shaoliang Zhang, Yunjia Wang, Zhengfu Bian, Shaogang Lei. Effects of underground mining on vegetation and environmental patterns in a semi-arid watershed with implications for resilience management. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2018; 77 (17):605.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYongjun Yang; Peter Erskine; Shaoliang Zhang; Yunjia Wang; Zhengfu Bian; Shaogang Lei. 2018. "Effects of underground mining on vegetation and environmental patterns in a semi-arid watershed with implications for resilience management." Environmental Earth Sciences 77, no. 17: 605.
A new environmental ban has forced the restructure of open dumps in China since 1 July 2011. A technical process was established in this study that is feasible for the upgrade of open dumps through restructuring. The feasibility of restructuring and the benefit of greenhouse gas emission reductions were assessed according to field surveys of five landfills and four dumps in Nanjing. The results showed that the daily processing capacities of the existing landfills have been unable to meet the growth of municipal solid waste (MSW), making restructuring of the landfills imperative. According to an assessment of the technical process, only four sites in Nanjing were suitable for upgrading. Restructuring the Jiaozishan landfill effectively reduced the leachate generation rate by 5.84% under its scale when expanded by 60.7% in 2015. CO2 emissions were reduced by approximately 55,000–86,000 tons per year, in which biogas power generation replaced fossil fuels Fossil fuels accounted for the largest proportion, up to 45,000–60,000 tons. Photovoltaic power generation on the overlying land has not only reduced CO2 emissions to 26,000–30,000 tons per year but has also brought in continuing income from the sale of electricity. The funds are essential for developing countries such as China, which lack long-term financial support for landfill management after closure.
Jing Ma; Zhanbin Luo; Fu Chen; Qianlin Zhu; Shaoliang Zhang; Gang-Jun Liu. A Practical Approach to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Open Dumps through Infrastructure Restructuring: A Case Study in Nanjing City, China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2804 .
AMA StyleJing Ma, Zhanbin Luo, Fu Chen, Qianlin Zhu, Shaoliang Zhang, Gang-Jun Liu. A Practical Approach to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Open Dumps through Infrastructure Restructuring: A Case Study in Nanjing City, China. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (8):2804.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing Ma; Zhanbin Luo; Fu Chen; Qianlin Zhu; Shaoliang Zhang; Gang-Jun Liu. 2018. "A Practical Approach to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Open Dumps through Infrastructure Restructuring: A Case Study in Nanjing City, China." Sustainability 10, no. 8: 2804.
Since the year 2000, China has implemented large-scale land consolidation, which was used to reduce land fragmentation, enhance grain yield capability, facilitate land tenure transfer, and promote agricultural operational scale. However, the impacts of land consolidation on agricultural technical efficiency of producers in practice is not yet clear. A field survey was executed at two points of time during July 2010 and July 2016. A total of 900 producers were chosen from 30 land consolidation projects at random in the Jiangsu Province. The agricultural technical efficiency caused by land consolidation was calculated by using a stochastic frontier analysis method. The results of a stochastic frontier production function reveal that land tenure transfer, land fragmentation, non-agricultural income, and crop diversity has undergone significant changes after land consolidation. The overall agricultural technical efficiency of producers had also increased considerably and the average technical efficiency was estimated at 0.924 after land consolidation. Land consolidation directly promotes land tenure transfer while indirectly encouraging non-agricultural employment, which could improve agricultural technical efficiency of producers. Non-agricultural income and crop diversity had a significant correlation with agricultural technical efficiency, but land fragmentation after land consolidation does not significantly improve technical efficiency. These conclusions are helpful in understanding the impacts of land consolidation, which enriches the academic literature in related fields and improves the policy of land consolidation in China and other developing countries.
Siyan Zeng; Fengwu Zhu; Fu Chen; Man Yu; Shaoliang Zhang; Yongjun Yang. Assessing the Impacts of Land Consolidation on Agricultural Technical Efficiency of Producers: A Survey from Jiangsu Province, China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2490 .
AMA StyleSiyan Zeng, Fengwu Zhu, Fu Chen, Man Yu, Shaoliang Zhang, Yongjun Yang. Assessing the Impacts of Land Consolidation on Agricultural Technical Efficiency of Producers: A Survey from Jiangsu Province, China. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2490.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiyan Zeng; Fengwu Zhu; Fu Chen; Man Yu; Shaoliang Zhang; Yongjun Yang. 2018. "Assessing the Impacts of Land Consolidation on Agricultural Technical Efficiency of Producers: A Survey from Jiangsu Province, China." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2490.