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In horses, penile squamous cell carcinomas (epSCCs) are among the most common cutaneous neoplastic lesions. These tumors usually arise in benign lesions such as viral plaques and papillomas frequently induced by Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) infection. In the last decade, the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for the treatment of human cancers has demonstrated promising results. Among the most commonly targeted pathways, there is PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and CTLA-4 in the tumor microenvironment of epSCCs to assess the feasibility of an immunotherapeutic approach. Twenty equine epithelial tumors were retrospectively selected and submitted to RT-qPCR for PD-1 and PD-L1 genes. After testing antibodies cross-reactivity by western blotting, immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 and CTLA-4 was performed. Results from RT-qPCR demonstrated that 3/20 cases expressed the PD-L1 gene, whereas the PD-1 gene was not detected. Immunohistochemical positivity for PD-L1 was found only in one case. CTLA-4-positive cells were observe in all cases but were few (Mdn = 4.8; IQR = 2.3–7.1 cells/HPF). In this study group, PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 do not appear to be highly expressed and therefore the use of ICI in epSCCs may not have promising rates of response.
Ilaria Porcellato; Samanta Mecocci; Chiara Brachelente; Katia Cappelli; Federico Armando; Alessia Tognoloni; Elisabetta Chiaradia; Valentina Stefanetti; Luca Mechelli; Marco Pepe; Rodolfo Gialletti; Benedetta Passeri; Alessandro Ghelardi; Elisabetta Razzuoli. PD-L1/PD-1 and CTLA-4 Expression in Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Animals 2021, 11, 2121 .
AMA StyleIlaria Porcellato, Samanta Mecocci, Chiara Brachelente, Katia Cappelli, Federico Armando, Alessia Tognoloni, Elisabetta Chiaradia, Valentina Stefanetti, Luca Mechelli, Marco Pepe, Rodolfo Gialletti, Benedetta Passeri, Alessandro Ghelardi, Elisabetta Razzuoli. PD-L1/PD-1 and CTLA-4 Expression in Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Animals. 2021; 11 (7):2121.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIlaria Porcellato; Samanta Mecocci; Chiara Brachelente; Katia Cappelli; Federico Armando; Alessia Tognoloni; Elisabetta Chiaradia; Valentina Stefanetti; Luca Mechelli; Marco Pepe; Rodolfo Gialletti; Benedetta Passeri; Alessandro Ghelardi; Elisabetta Razzuoli. 2021. "PD-L1/PD-1 and CTLA-4 Expression in Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas." Animals 11, no. 7: 2121.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary polyphenols on the expression of the effectors involved in inflammation and apoptosis in rabbit ovary. New Zealand White female rabbits were fed a basal control diet (CTR), or the same diet supplemented with a polyphenolic concentrate (POL, 282.4 mg/kg) obtained from olive mill waste waters. The follicle counts and the relative mRNA (RT-qPCR) and protein (immunohistochemistry) expression of the effectors involved in inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2; interleukin-1beta; tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNFA) and apoptosis (BCL2-associated X protein, BAX), detected in the ovaries of both groups, were examined. The POL diet increased the primary and total follicles number. Cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression was higher (p< 0.05) in the POL group than in the CTR group, whereas BAX was lower (p< 0.05) in POL than CTR. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of all the proteins examined, with weaker (p< 0.05) COX2 and BAX signals in POL. No differences between the CTR and POL groups were observed for IL1B and TNFA gene and protein expression. These preliminary findings show that dietary polyphenols modulate inflammatory and apoptotic activities in rabbit ovary, regulating cyclooxygenase-2 and BAX expression, thus suggesting a functional involvement of these dietary compounds in mammalian reproduction.
Margherita Maranesi; Cecilia Dall’Aglio; Gabriele Acuti; Katia Cappelli; Massimo Trabalza Marinucci; Roberta Galarini; Chiara Suvieri; Massimo Zerani. Effects of Dietary Polyphenols from Olive Mill Waste Waters on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Effectors in Rabbit Ovary. Animals 2021, 11, 1727 .
AMA StyleMargherita Maranesi, Cecilia Dall’Aglio, Gabriele Acuti, Katia Cappelli, Massimo Trabalza Marinucci, Roberta Galarini, Chiara Suvieri, Massimo Zerani. Effects of Dietary Polyphenols from Olive Mill Waste Waters on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Effectors in Rabbit Ovary. Animals. 2021; 11 (6):1727.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMargherita Maranesi; Cecilia Dall’Aglio; Gabriele Acuti; Katia Cappelli; Massimo Trabalza Marinucci; Roberta Galarini; Chiara Suvieri; Massimo Zerani. 2021. "Effects of Dietary Polyphenols from Olive Mill Waste Waters on Inflammatory and Apoptotic Effectors in Rabbit Ovary." Animals 11, no. 6: 1727.
Stress in livestock reduces productivity and is a welfare concern. At a physiological level, stress is associated with the activation of inflammatory responses and increased levels of harmful reactive oxygen species. Biomarkers that are indicative of stress could facilitate the identification of more stress-resilient animals. We examined twenty-one metabolic, immune response, and liver function biomarkers that have been associated with stress in 416 Italian Simmental and 436 Italian Holstein cows which were genotyped for 150K SNPs. Single-SNP and haplotype-based genome-wide association studies were carried out to assess whether the variation in the levels in these biomarkers is under genetic control and to identify the genomic loci involved. Significant associations were found for the plasma levels of ceruloplasmin (Bos taurus chromosome 1—BTA1), paraoxonase (BTA4) and γ-glutamyl transferase (BTA17) in the individual breed analysis that coincided with the position of the genes coding for these proteins, suggesting that their expression is under cis-regulation. A meta-analysis of both breeds identified additional significant associations with paraoxonase on BTA 16 and 26. Finding genetic associations with variations in the levels of these biomarkers suggests that the selection for high or low levels of expression could be achieved rapidly. Whether the level of expression of the biomarkers correlates with the response to stressful situations has yet to be determined.
Marco Milanesi; Matilde Passamonti; Katia Cappelli; Andrea Minuti; Valentino Palombo; Sandy Sgorlon; Stefano Capomaccio; Mariasilvia D’Andrea; Erminio Trevisi; Bruno Stefanon; John Williams; Paolo Ajmone-Marsan. Genetic Regulation of Biomarkers as Stress Proxies in Dairy Cows. Genes 2021, 12, 534 .
AMA StyleMarco Milanesi, Matilde Passamonti, Katia Cappelli, Andrea Minuti, Valentino Palombo, Sandy Sgorlon, Stefano Capomaccio, Mariasilvia D’Andrea, Erminio Trevisi, Bruno Stefanon, John Williams, Paolo Ajmone-Marsan. Genetic Regulation of Biomarkers as Stress Proxies in Dairy Cows. Genes. 2021; 12 (4):534.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Milanesi; Matilde Passamonti; Katia Cappelli; Andrea Minuti; Valentino Palombo; Sandy Sgorlon; Stefano Capomaccio; Mariasilvia D’Andrea; Erminio Trevisi; Bruno Stefanon; John Williams; Paolo Ajmone-Marsan. 2021. "Genetic Regulation of Biomarkers as Stress Proxies in Dairy Cows." Genes 12, no. 4: 534.
Equine genital squamous cell carcinomas (egSCCs) are among the most common equine tumors after sarcoids, severely impairing animal health and welfare. Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) infection is often related to these tumors. The aim of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanisms behind egSCCs associated with EcPV2 infection, investigating receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) signaling in NF-kB pathway, together with the Wnt and IL17 signaling pathways. We analyzed the innate immune response through gene expression evaluation of key cytokines and transcription factors. Moreover, Ki67 index was assessed with immunohistochemistry. EcPV2-E6 DNA was checked, and viral presence was confirmed in 21 positive out to 23 cases (91%). Oncogene expression was confirmed in 14 cases (60.8%) for E6 and in 8 (34.7%) for E2. RANKL, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFKB)-p50, NFKBp65, interleukin (IL)-6, IL17, IL23p19, IL8, IL12p35, IL12p40, β-catenin (BCATN1), FOS like 1 (FOSL1), and lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1) showed a significant upregulation in tumor samples compared to healthy tissues. Our results describe an inflammatory environment characterized by the activation of RANKL/RANK and IL17 with the relative downstream pathways, and a positive modulation of inflammatory cytokines genes such as IL6 and IL8. Moreover, the increase of BCATN1, FOSL1, and LEF1 gene expression suggests an activation of both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway that could be critical for carcinogenesis and tumor progression.
Samanta Mecocci; Ilaria Porcellato; Federico Armando; Luca Mechelli; Chiara Brachelente; Marco Pepe; Rodolfo Gialletti; Benedetta Passeri; Paola Modesto; Alessandro Ghelardi; Katia Cappelli; Elisabetta Razzuoli. Equine Genital Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with EcPV2 Infection: RANKL Pathway Correlated to Inflammation and Wnt Signaling Activation. Biology 2021, 10, 244 .
AMA StyleSamanta Mecocci, Ilaria Porcellato, Federico Armando, Luca Mechelli, Chiara Brachelente, Marco Pepe, Rodolfo Gialletti, Benedetta Passeri, Paola Modesto, Alessandro Ghelardi, Katia Cappelli, Elisabetta Razzuoli. Equine Genital Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with EcPV2 Infection: RANKL Pathway Correlated to Inflammation and Wnt Signaling Activation. Biology. 2021; 10 (3):244.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamanta Mecocci; Ilaria Porcellato; Federico Armando; Luca Mechelli; Chiara Brachelente; Marco Pepe; Rodolfo Gialletti; Benedetta Passeri; Paola Modesto; Alessandro Ghelardi; Katia Cappelli; Elisabetta Razzuoli. 2021. "Equine Genital Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with EcPV2 Infection: RANKL Pathway Correlated to Inflammation and Wnt Signaling Activation." Biology 10, no. 3: 244.
Training has a strong effect on the physiology of hematological parameters and blood coagulation, both in humans and in horses. Several blood changes have been reported after exercise in horses but available data differ. We aimed to investigate modifications in complete blood count and some hemostatic parameters induced by the first training period in young untrained Thoroughbred racehorses to detect a possible labile blood coagulability in racehorses. Twenty-nine untrained 2-year-old Thoroughbreds were followed during their incremental 4-month sprint exercise schedule. Blood collection was performed once a month, five times (T-30, T0, T30, T60 and T90), before and during the training period for measurement of complete blood count (CBC) and blood clotting parameters (prothrombin time—PT, activated partial prothrombin time—APTT, thrombin clotting time—TCT, fibrinogen—Fb, thrombin–antithrombin complex—TAT). Differences among the time points for each parameter were analyzed (ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance, p < 0.05). In Thoroughbreds, the first long-term exercise workout period was found to induce a statistical increase in red blood cell indexes and lymphocytes, eosinophils and platelet counts, as well as a hypercoagulability state evident at 30 days of training, which returned to basal levels after 90 days. Regular physical exercise seems to blunt the negative effects of acute efforts on hematological and clotting parameters, an effect that may be attributed to the training condition.
Arianna Miglio; Emanuela Falcinelli; Anna Mezzasoma; Katia Cappelli; Samanta Mecocci; Paolo Gresele; Maria Antognoni. Effect of First Long-Term Training on Whole Blood Count and Blood Clotting Parameters in Thoroughbreds. Animals 2021, 11, 447 .
AMA StyleArianna Miglio, Emanuela Falcinelli, Anna Mezzasoma, Katia Cappelli, Samanta Mecocci, Paolo Gresele, Maria Antognoni. Effect of First Long-Term Training on Whole Blood Count and Blood Clotting Parameters in Thoroughbreds. Animals. 2021; 11 (2):447.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArianna Miglio; Emanuela Falcinelli; Anna Mezzasoma; Katia Cappelli; Samanta Mecocci; Paolo Gresele; Maria Antognoni. 2021. "Effect of First Long-Term Training on Whole Blood Count and Blood Clotting Parameters in Thoroughbreds." Animals 11, no. 2: 447.
Penile squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are common tumors in older horses, with poor prognosis mostly due to local invasion and recurrence. These tumors are thought to be mainly caused by Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV-2). The aim of this study is to characterize the tumor immune environment (TIME) in equine penile tumors. Equine penile epithelial tumors (17 epSCCs; 2 carcinomas in situ, CIS; 1 papilloma, P) were retrospectively selected; immune infiltrate was assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry; RT-qPCR tested the expression of selected chemokines and EcPV-2 DNA and RNA. The results confirmed EcPV-2-L1 DNA in 18/20 (90%) samples. L1 expression was instead retrieved in 13/20 cases (65%). The samples showed an increased infiltration of CD3+lymphocytes, macrophages (MAC387; IBA1), plasma cells (MUM1), and FoxP3+lymphocytes in the intra/peritumoral stroma when compared to extratumoral tissues (p < 0.05). Only MAC387+neutrophils were increased in EcPV-2high viral load samples (p < 0.05). IL12/p35 was differentially expressed in EcPVhigh and EcPVlow groups (p = 0.007). A significant decrease of IFNG and IL2 expression was highlighted in TGFB1-positive samples (p < 0.05). IBA1 and CD20 were intratumorally increased in cases where IL-10 was expressed (p < 0.005). EpSCCs may represent a good spontaneous model for the human counterpart. Further prospective studies are needed in order to confirm these preliminary results.
Ilaria Porcellato; Samanta Mecocci; Luca Mechelli; Katia Cappelli; Chiara Brachelente; Marco Pepe; Margherita Orlandi; Rodolfo Gialletti; Benedetta Passeri; Angelo Ferrari; Paola Modesto; Alessandro Ghelardi; Elisabetta Razzuoli. Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas as a Model for Human Disease: A Preliminary Investigation on Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Cells 2020, 9, 2364 .
AMA StyleIlaria Porcellato, Samanta Mecocci, Luca Mechelli, Katia Cappelli, Chiara Brachelente, Marco Pepe, Margherita Orlandi, Rodolfo Gialletti, Benedetta Passeri, Angelo Ferrari, Paola Modesto, Alessandro Ghelardi, Elisabetta Razzuoli. Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas as a Model for Human Disease: A Preliminary Investigation on Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Cells. 2020; 9 (11):2364.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIlaria Porcellato; Samanta Mecocci; Luca Mechelli; Katia Cappelli; Chiara Brachelente; Marco Pepe; Margherita Orlandi; Rodolfo Gialletti; Benedetta Passeri; Angelo Ferrari; Paola Modesto; Alessandro Ghelardi; Elisabetta Razzuoli. 2020. "Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas as a Model for Human Disease: A Preliminary Investigation on Tumor Immune Microenvironment." Cells 9, no. 11: 2364.
Training has a great impact on the physiology of an athlete and, like all stressful stimuli, can trigger an innate immune response and inflammation, which is part of a wider coping strategy of the host to restore homeostasis. The Thoroughbred racehorse is a valid animal model to investigate these changes thanks to its homogeneous training and highly selected genetic background. The aim of this study was to investigate modifications of the innate immune response and inflammation in young untrained Thoroughbred racehorses during the first training season through haematological and molecular investigations. Twenty-nine Thoroughbred racehorses were followed during their incremental 3-month sprint exercise schedule. Blood collection was performed at time 0 (T0; before starting the intense training period), 30 days after T0 (T30), and 90 days after T0 (T90). Haematological parameters (red and white blood cells, haemoglobin, and platelets) were evaluated and haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and red cells width distribution + standard deviation (RDW-SD) were calculated. Moreover, via RT-qPCR, we investigated the expression of, Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), Interleukin 4 (IL-4) Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 2 (IL-2), Interleukin 3 (IL-3), Interleukin 5 (IL-5) Interleukin 8 (IL-8), Trasformig Growth Factor β and α (TGF-β), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and Interferon γ (IFN-γ)genes. Main corpuscular volume (MCV) showed a significant (p = 0.008) increase at T90. Main corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values were significantly augmented at both T30 (p < 0.001) and T90 (p < 0.001). Basophils were significant increased at T30 (p = 0.02) and eosinophils were significantly increased at T90 (p = 0.03). Significant differences in gene expression were found for all the genes under study, with the exception of IFN-γ and TNF-α. In particular, IL-2 (T30, p = 0.011; T90, p = 0.015), IL-4 (T30, p = 0.009; T90, p < 0.001), and IL-8 (T30, p < 0.001; T90, p < 0.001) genes were significantly upregulated at both T30 and T90 with respect to T0, TGF-β was intensely downregulated at T30 (p < 0.001), IL-5 gene expression was significantly decreased at T90 (p = 0.001), while IL-1β (p = 0.005) and IL-3 (p = 0.001) expression was strongly augmented at the same time. This study highlighted long-term adjustments of O2 transport capability that can be reasonably traced back to exercise adaptation. Moreover, the observed changes of granulocyte numbers and functions and inflammatory cytokine gene expression confirm a major role of the innate immune system in the response to the complex of stressful stimuli experienced during the training period.
Katia Cappelli; Massimo Amadori; Samanta Mecocci; Arianna Miglio; Maria Teresa Antognoni; Elisabetta Razzuoli. Immune Response in Young Thoroughbred Racehorses under Training. Animals 2020, 10, 1809 .
AMA StyleKatia Cappelli, Massimo Amadori, Samanta Mecocci, Arianna Miglio, Maria Teresa Antognoni, Elisabetta Razzuoli. Immune Response in Young Thoroughbred Racehorses under Training. Animals. 2020; 10 (10):1809.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatia Cappelli; Massimo Amadori; Samanta Mecocci; Arianna Miglio; Maria Teresa Antognoni; Elisabetta Razzuoli. 2020. "Immune Response in Young Thoroughbred Racehorses under Training." Animals 10, no. 10: 1809.
In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs), cell-derived micro and nano-sized structures enclosed in a double-layer membrane, have been in the spotlight for their high potential in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Indeed, they act as signal mediators between cells and/or tissues through different mechanisms involving their complex cargo and exert a number of biological effects depending upon EVs subtype and cell source. Being produced by almost all cell types, they are found in every biological fluid including milk. Milk EVs (MEVs) can enter the intestinal cells by endocytosis and protect their labile cargos against harsh conditions in the intestinal tract. In this study, we performed a metabolomic analysis of MEVs, from three different species (i.e., bovine, goat and donkey) by mass spectroscopy (MS) coupled with Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Metabolites, both common or specific of a species, were identified and enriched metabolic pathways were investigated, with the final aim to evaluate their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties in view of prospective applications as a nutraceutical in inflammatory conditions. In particular, metabolites transported by MEVs are involved in common pathways among the three species. These metabolites, such as arginine, asparagine, glutathione and lysine, show immunomodulating effects. Moreover, MEVs in goat milk showed a greater number of enriched metabolic pathways as compared to the other kinds of milk.
Samanta Mecocci; Federica Gevi; Daniele Pietrucci; Luca Cavinato; Francesco R. Luly; Luisa Pascucci; Stefano Petrini; Fiorentina Ascenzioni; Lello Zolla; Giovanni Chillemi; Katia Cappelli. Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Cow, Donkey and Goat Milk Extracellular Vesicles as Revealed by Metabolomic Profile. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2908 .
AMA StyleSamanta Mecocci, Federica Gevi, Daniele Pietrucci, Luca Cavinato, Francesco R. Luly, Luisa Pascucci, Stefano Petrini, Fiorentina Ascenzioni, Lello Zolla, Giovanni Chillemi, Katia Cappelli. Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Cow, Donkey and Goat Milk Extracellular Vesicles as Revealed by Metabolomic Profile. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (10):2908.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamanta Mecocci; Federica Gevi; Daniele Pietrucci; Luca Cavinato; Francesco R. Luly; Luisa Pascucci; Stefano Petrini; Fiorentina Ascenzioni; Lello Zolla; Giovanni Chillemi; Katia Cappelli. 2020. "Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Cow, Donkey and Goat Milk Extracellular Vesicles as Revealed by Metabolomic Profile." Nutrients 12, no. 10: 2908.
Background Cashmere goat is known for its precious undercoat. Being photoperiod-dictated, cashmere growth has been studied focusing mainly on hair follicle cycle phases (anagen, catagen and telogen). An accurate molecular knowledge of the goat hair follicle cycle, disentangling gene expression changes during phases and recognizing timing boundaries, could be useful to improve cashmere goat management and ultimately cashmere production. Results To better describe goat’s hair follicle transcriptome we applied RNA-sequencing to isolated hair follicles from five Italian cashmere goats, during the anagen and catagen phase, identifying total of 214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs): 97 were up-regulated while 117 were down-regulated in catagen with respect to anagen. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis were performed. We detected 144 significant pathways spanning from estrogen, pluripotency of stem cells, thermogenesis and fatty acid metabolism that were strongly expressed during the hair follicle phases analysed. Finally, we validated promising DEGs by RT-qPCR in the same set of samples as well as in hair follicles and entire skin biopsies of another cashmere goats cohort accounting for early anagen, anagen, early catagen, and catagen phases. Conclusions As in the isolated hair follicles, some target genes were homogenously modulated during the four hair follicle phases. Ceruloplasmin (CP) and Keratin 4 (K4), confirmed their clear cut expression between growing and resting phase. In fact, K4 was almost absent in catagen phases while CP was barely expressed in anagen phases. In particular, the strong expression of K4 in early anagen makes it an eligible marker to track the beginning of a new hair cycle, and therefore defining the optimum time for cashmere harvesting.
Cristina Nocelli; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Luisa Pascucci; Francesca Mercati; Irene Pazzaglia; Samanta Mecocci; Marco Antonini; Carlo Renieri. Shedding light on cashmere goat hair follicle biology: from morphology analyses to transcriptomic landascape. BMC Genomics 2020, 21, 1 -12.
AMA StyleCristina Nocelli, Katia Cappelli, Stefano Capomaccio, Luisa Pascucci, Francesca Mercati, Irene Pazzaglia, Samanta Mecocci, Marco Antonini, Carlo Renieri. Shedding light on cashmere goat hair follicle biology: from morphology analyses to transcriptomic landascape. BMC Genomics. 2020; 21 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristina Nocelli; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Luisa Pascucci; Francesca Mercati; Irene Pazzaglia; Samanta Mecocci; Marco Antonini; Carlo Renieri. 2020. "Shedding light on cashmere goat hair follicle biology: from morphology analyses to transcriptomic landascape." BMC Genomics 21, no. 1: 1-12.
Physical exercise is universally recognized as stressful. Among the “sport species”, the horse is probably the most appropriate model for investigating the genomic response to stress due to the homogeneity of its genetic background. The aim of this work is to dissect the whole transcription modulation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) after exercise with a time course framework focusing on unexplored regions related to introns and intergenic portions. PBMCs NGS from five 3 year old Sardinian Anglo-Arab racehorses collected at rest and after a 2000 m race was performed. Apart from differential gene expression ascertainment between the two time points the complexity of transcription for alternative transcripts was identified. Interestingly, we noted a transcription shift from the coding to the non-coding regions. We further investigated the possible causes of this phenomenon focusing on genomic repeats, using a differential expression approach and finding a strong general up-regulation of repetitive elements such as LINE. Since their modulation is also associated with the “exonization”, the recruitment of repeats that act with regulatory functions, suggesting that there might be an active regulation of this transcriptional shift. Thanks to an innovative bioinformatic approach, our study could represent a model for the transcriptomic investigation of stress.
Katia Cappelli; Samanta Mecocci; Silvia Gioiosa; Andrea Giontella; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Raffaele Cherchi; Alessio Valentini; Giovanni Chillemi; Stefano Capomaccio. Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity? Genes 2020, 11, 410 .
AMA StyleKatia Cappelli, Samanta Mecocci, Silvia Gioiosa, Andrea Giontella, Maurizio Silvestrelli, Raffaele Cherchi, Alessio Valentini, Giovanni Chillemi, Stefano Capomaccio. Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity? Genes. 2020; 11 (4):410.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatia Cappelli; Samanta Mecocci; Silvia Gioiosa; Andrea Giontella; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Raffaele Cherchi; Alessio Valentini; Giovanni Chillemi; Stefano Capomaccio. 2020. "Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity?" Genes 11, no. 4: 410.
Training has a huge effect on physiological homeostasis. The Thoroughbred racehorse is a valid animal model to investigate such changes for training schedule fine-tuning. As happens in human athletes, it is hypothesized that biochemical and immune response changes and related biomolecular variations could be induced by training programs. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the long-term metabolic and biomolecular modifications in young untrained Thoroughbred racehorses in the first 4-month timeframe training period. Twenty-nine clinically healthy, untrained, two-year-old Thoroughbred racehorses were followed during their incremental 4-month sprint exercise schedule. Blood collection was performed once a month, five times (T-30, T0, T30, T60, and T90). For each sample, lactate concentration, plasma cell volume (PCV), and hematobiochemical parameters (glucose, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (Tbil), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin (Alb), total proteins (TPs), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na+), potassium (K−), and chloride (Cl)) were determined. At T-30 and T90, serum protein electrophoresis (SPE), serum amyloid A (SAA), and real-time qPCR were performed on all samples to evaluate the expression of key genes and cytokines related to inflammatory and Th2 immunity responses: Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Octamer-Binding Transcription Factor 1 (OCT1), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A (BCL11A). Statistical analysis was performed (ANOVA and t test, p < 0.05). Significant modifications were identified compared with T-30 for PCV, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, lactate, urea, creatinine, Tbil, ALP, LDH, Na+, K−, Ca2+, SAA, TPs, SPE, IL-6, IL-4, Oct-1, and BCL11A. In conclusion, the first long-term training period was found to induce fundamental systemic changes in untrained Thoroughbreds.
Arianna Miglio; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Samanta Mecocci; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Maria Teresa Antognoni. Metabolic and Biomolecular Changes Induced by Incremental Long-Term Training in Young Thoroughbred Racehorses during First Workout Season. Animals 2020, 10, 317 .
AMA StyleArianna Miglio, Katia Cappelli, Stefano Capomaccio, Samanta Mecocci, Maurizio Silvestrelli, Maria Teresa Antognoni. Metabolic and Biomolecular Changes Induced by Incremental Long-Term Training in Young Thoroughbred Racehorses during First Workout Season. Animals. 2020; 10 (2):317.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArianna Miglio; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Samanta Mecocci; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Maria Teresa Antognoni. 2020. "Metabolic and Biomolecular Changes Induced by Incremental Long-Term Training in Young Thoroughbred Racehorses during First Workout Season." Animals 10, no. 2: 317.
Background. Equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (e-AdMSC) exhibit attractive proregenerative properties strongly related to the delivery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that enclose different kinds of molecules including RNAs. In this study, we investigated small RNA content of EVs produced by e-AdMSC with the aim of speculating on their possible biological role. Methods. EVs were obtained by ultracentrifugation of the conditioned medium of e-AdMSC of 4 subjects. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were performed to assess their size and nanostructure. RNA was isolated, enriched for small RNAs (Results. Electron microscopy showed the presence of vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 300 nm and expressing typical markers. RNA analysis revealed that ribosomal RNA was the most abundant fraction, followed by small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs, 13.67%). Miscellaneous RNA (misc_RNA) reached 4.57% of the total where Y RNA, RNaseP, and vault RNA represented the main categories. miRNAs were sequenced at a lower level (3.51%) as well as protein-coding genes (1.33%). Pathway analyses on the protein-coding fraction revealed a significant enrichment for the “ribosome” pathway followed by “oxidative phosphorylation.” Gene Ontology analysis showed enrichment for terms like “extracellular exosome,” “organelle envelope,” “RNA binding,” and “small molecule metabolic process.” The miRNA target pathway analysis revealed the presence of “signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells” coherent with the source of the samples. Conclusion. We herein demonstrated that e-AdMSC release EVs enclosing different subsets of small RNAs that potentially regulate a number of biological processes. These findings shed light on the role of EVs in the context of MSC biology.
Stefano Capomaccio; Katia Cappelli; Cinzia Bazzucchi; Mauro Coletti; Rodolfo Gialletti; Franco Moriconi; Fabrizio Passamonti; Marco Pepe; Stefano Petrini; Samanta Mecocci; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Luisa Pascucci. Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Release Extracellular Vesicles Enclosing Different Subsets of Small RNAs. Stem Cells International 2019, 2019, 1 -12.
AMA StyleStefano Capomaccio, Katia Cappelli, Cinzia Bazzucchi, Mauro Coletti, Rodolfo Gialletti, Franco Moriconi, Fabrizio Passamonti, Marco Pepe, Stefano Petrini, Samanta Mecocci, Maurizio Silvestrelli, Luisa Pascucci. Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Release Extracellular Vesicles Enclosing Different Subsets of Small RNAs. Stem Cells International. 2019; 2019 ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Capomaccio; Katia Cappelli; Cinzia Bazzucchi; Mauro Coletti; Rodolfo Gialletti; Franco Moriconi; Fabrizio Passamonti; Marco Pepe; Stefano Petrini; Samanta Mecocci; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Luisa Pascucci. 2019. "Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Release Extracellular Vesicles Enclosing Different Subsets of Small RNAs." Stem Cells International 2019, no. : 1-12.
Cashmere goats are the most important goat breed due to the high yield and fineness of the fibers that they produce. Cashmere fiber is a luxury product since it is soft, light and warm. The development of this fiber depends on the hair follicle (HF) cyclical activity, which is characterized by the succession of growth and regressive phases. In the transition between telogen and anagen phases, many growth factors work to activate the HF stem cells and to allow the growth of a new cashmere fiber. As several factors involved in the stem cell activation, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor A (PDGFA), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) and Lim-Homeobox gene 2 (LHX2) were analyzed in this work to evaluate their activity during the cashmere HF cycle. These molecules were studied using different approaches and finally, PDGFA and BMP2 appeared to have higher levels of expression during the cycle activation phase with respect to the LHX2, which suggests that they play a main role in the development of a new cashmere fiber. The obtained data will improve the knowledge of the HF cycle in the cashmere goat and they could be a useful tool for improving cashmere fiber production. The cashmere hair follicle (HF) perpetually goes through cycles of growth, involution and rest. The photoperiod is the main factor in the control of seasonal coat change in cashmere goats while stem cells play a crucial role in the HF growth. Several factors, including Platelet-Derived Growth Factor A (PDGFA), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) and Lim-Homeobox gene 2 (LHX2) are implicated in HF morphogenesis and cycle. In this work, the mentioned molecules were investigated to evaluate their role in follicular cycle activation. The study was performed on skin samples collected at different periods of HF cycle and the molecular expression of PDGFA, BMP2 and LHX2 was evaluated by Real-Time PCR (qPCR) at each time point. Since PDGFA showed the most variation, the goat PDGFA gene was sequenced and the protein localization was investigated by immunohistochemistry together with PDGF receptor α (PDGFRα). PDGFA immunostaining was observed in the basal layer of the HF outer root sheath and the immunoreaction appeared stronger in the regressive HFs compared to those in the anagen phase according to qPCR analysis. PDGFRα was observed in the HF epithelium, proving the effect of PDGFA on the follicular structure. The data obtained suggest that PDGFA and BMP2 are both implicated in HF cycle in goat. In particular, PDGFA secreted by the HF is involved in the anagen activation.
Irene Pazzaglia; Francesca Mercati; Marco Antonini; Stefano Capomaccio; Katia Cappelli; Cecilia Dall’Aglio; Antonietta La Terza; Matteo Mozzicafreddo; Cristina Nocelli; Stefano Pallotti; Dario Pediconi; Carlo Renieri. PDGFA in Cashmere Goat: A Motivation for the Hair Follicle Stem Cells to Activate. Animals 2019, 9, 38 .
AMA StyleIrene Pazzaglia, Francesca Mercati, Marco Antonini, Stefano Capomaccio, Katia Cappelli, Cecilia Dall’Aglio, Antonietta La Terza, Matteo Mozzicafreddo, Cristina Nocelli, Stefano Pallotti, Dario Pediconi, Carlo Renieri. PDGFA in Cashmere Goat: A Motivation for the Hair Follicle Stem Cells to Activate. Animals. 2019; 9 (2):38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIrene Pazzaglia; Francesca Mercati; Marco Antonini; Stefano Capomaccio; Katia Cappelli; Cecilia Dall’Aglio; Antonietta La Terza; Matteo Mozzicafreddo; Cristina Nocelli; Stefano Pallotti; Dario Pediconi; Carlo Renieri. 2019. "PDGFA in Cashmere Goat: A Motivation for the Hair Follicle Stem Cells to Activate." Animals 9, no. 2: 38.
The Mediterranean diet is considered one of the healthier food habits and olive oil is one of its key components. Olive oil polyphenols are known to induce beneficial effects in several pathological conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, and to contrast the proliferation of cancer cells or hypercholesterolemia. Polyphenols are also present in waste products derived from the olive industry: olive mill wastewaters (OMWW) are rich in polyphenols and there is an increasing interest in using OMWW in animal nutrition. OMWW are attributed with positive effects in promoting chicken performance and the quality of food-derived products. However, a tissue-specific transcriptome target analysis of chickens fed with OMWW has never been attempted. We explored the effect of dietary OMWW on the intestinal function in broilers. A morphological analysis of the jejunum revealed that OMWW reduced crypt depth, whereas no significant modifications were observed for villus height and the villus height/crypt depth ratio. An RNA Sequencing analysis was performed on isolated, intestinal, epithelial cells and 280 differentially expressed genes were found using a count-based approach. An enrichment analysis revealed that the majority of up regulated genes in the OMWW group were over-represented by the regulation of viral genome replication-related GO-Terms, whereas down regulated genes were mainly involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Our study showed how an industrial waste product can be recycled as a feed additive with a positive relapse. OMWW dietary supplementation can be a nutritional strategy to improve chicken performance and health, prevent intestinal damage, enhance innate immunity and regulate cholesterol metabolism and fat deposition.
Marcella Sabino; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Luisa Pascucci; Ilaria Biasato; Andrea Verini-Supplizi; Andrea Valiani; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci. Dietary supplementation with olive mill wastewaters induces modifications on chicken jejunum epithelial cell transcriptome and modulates jejunum morphology. BMC Genomics 2018, 19, 576 .
AMA StyleMarcella Sabino, Katia Cappelli, Stefano Capomaccio, Luisa Pascucci, Ilaria Biasato, Andrea Verini-Supplizi, Andrea Valiani, Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci. Dietary supplementation with olive mill wastewaters induces modifications on chicken jejunum epithelial cell transcriptome and modulates jejunum morphology. BMC Genomics. 2018; 19 (1):576.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcella Sabino; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Luisa Pascucci; Ilaria Biasato; Andrea Verini-Supplizi; Andrea Valiani; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci. 2018. "Dietary supplementation with olive mill wastewaters induces modifications on chicken jejunum epithelial cell transcriptome and modulates jejunum morphology." BMC Genomics 19, no. 1: 576.
Essential oil (EO) dietary supplementation is a new strategy to improve animal health. EO compounds have antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antimycotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proprieties. Nutrigenomics investigations represent innovative approaches in understanding the relation between diet effect and gene expression related to the animal performance. Few nutrigenomics studies have used a high-throughput RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) approach, despite great potential of RNA-Seq data in gene expression quantification and in co-expression network analyses. Our aim is to use the potential of RNA-Sequencing data in order to evaluate the effect of an EO supplementary diet on gene expression in both lamb liver and muscle. Using a treatment and sex interaction model, 13 and 4 differentially expressed genes were identified in liver and muscle respectively. Sex-specific differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified in both sexes. Using network based analysis, different clusters of co-expressed genes that were highly correlated to the diet were detected in males vs. females, in agreement with DE analysis. A total of five regulatory genes in liver tissue associated to EO diet were identified: DNAJB9, MANF, UFM1, CTNNLA1 and NFX1. Our study reveals a sex-dependent effect of EO diet in both tissues, and an influence on the expression of genes mainly involved in immune, inflammatory and stress pathway. Our analysis suggests a sex-dependent effect of the EO dietary supplementation on the expression profile of both liver and muscle tissues. We hypothesize that the presence of EOs could have beneficial effects on wellness of male lamb and further analyses are needed to understand the biological mechanisms behind the different effect of EO metabolites based on sex. Using lamb as a model for nutrigenomics studies, it could be interesting to investigate the effects of EO diets in other species and in humans.
Marcella Sabino; Victor Adriano Okstoft Carmelo; Gianluca Mazzoni; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Paolo Ajmone-Marsan; Andrea Verini-Supplizi; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci; Haja N. Kadarmideen. Gene co-expression networks in liver and muscle transcriptome reveal sex-specific gene expression in lambs fed with a mix of essential oils. BMC Genomics 2018, 19, 1 -15.
AMA StyleMarcella Sabino, Victor Adriano Okstoft Carmelo, Gianluca Mazzoni, Katia Cappelli, Stefano Capomaccio, Paolo Ajmone-Marsan, Andrea Verini-Supplizi, Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci, Haja N. Kadarmideen. Gene co-expression networks in liver and muscle transcriptome reveal sex-specific gene expression in lambs fed with a mix of essential oils. BMC Genomics. 2018; 19 (1):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcella Sabino; Victor Adriano Okstoft Carmelo; Gianluca Mazzoni; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Paolo Ajmone-Marsan; Andrea Verini-Supplizi; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci; Haja N. Kadarmideen. 2018. "Gene co-expression networks in liver and muscle transcriptome reveal sex-specific gene expression in lambs fed with a mix of essential oils." BMC Genomics 19, no. 1: 1-15.
Stefano Capomaccio; Marco Milanesi; Cristina Nocelli; Andrea Giontella; Andrea Verini-Supplizi; Michele Branca; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Katia Cappelli. Splicing site disruption in the KIT gene as strong candidate for white dominant phenotype in an Italian Trotter. Animal Genetics 2017, 48, 727 -728.
AMA StyleStefano Capomaccio, Marco Milanesi, Cristina Nocelli, Andrea Giontella, Andrea Verini-Supplizi, Michele Branca, Maurizio Silvestrelli, Katia Cappelli. Splicing site disruption in the KIT gene as strong candidate for white dominant phenotype in an Italian Trotter. Animal Genetics. 2017; 48 (6):727-728.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Capomaccio; Marco Milanesi; Cristina Nocelli; Andrea Giontella; Andrea Verini-Supplizi; Michele Branca; Maurizio Silvestrelli; Katia Cappelli. 2017. "Splicing site disruption in the KIT gene as strong candidate for white dominant phenotype in an Italian Trotter." Animal Genetics 48, no. 6: 727-728.
Interactions between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment are considered critical in carcinogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis. To examine transcriptome changes and to explore the relationship with tumor microenvironment in canine cutaneous melanocytoma and melanoma, we extracted RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens and analyzed them by means of RNA-seq for transcriptional analysis. Melanocytoma and melanoma samples were compared to detect differential gene expressions and significant enriched pathways were explored to reveal functional relations between differentially expressed genes. The study demonstrated a differential expression of 60 genes in melanomas compared to melanocytomas. The differentially expressed genes cluster in the extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, focal adhesion and PI3K-Akt (phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B) signaling pathways. Genes encoding for several collagen proteins were more commonly differentially expressed. Results of the RNA-seq were validated by qRT-PCR and protein expression of some target molecules was investigated by means of immunohistochemistry. We hypothesize that the developing melanoma actively promotes collagen metabolism and extracellular matrix remodeling as well as enhancing cell proliferation and survival contributing to disease progression and metastasis. In this study, we also detected unidentified genes in human melanoma expression studies and uncover new candidate drug targets for further testing in canine melanoma.
Chiara Brachelente; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Ilaria Porcellato; Serenella Silvestri; Laura Bongiovanni; Raffaella De Maria; Andrea Verini Supplizi; Luca Mechelli; Monica Sforna. Transcriptome Analysis of Canine Cutaneous Melanoma and Melanocytoma Reveals a Modulation of Genes Regulating Extracellular Matrix Metabolism and Cell Cycle. Scientific Reports 2017, 7, 6386 -6386.
AMA StyleChiara Brachelente, Katia Cappelli, Stefano Capomaccio, Ilaria Porcellato, Serenella Silvestri, Laura Bongiovanni, Raffaella De Maria, Andrea Verini Supplizi, Luca Mechelli, Monica Sforna. Transcriptome Analysis of Canine Cutaneous Melanoma and Melanocytoma Reveals a Modulation of Genes Regulating Extracellular Matrix Metabolism and Cell Cycle. Scientific Reports. 2017; 7 (1):6386-6386.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChiara Brachelente; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Ilaria Porcellato; Serenella Silvestri; Laura Bongiovanni; Raffaella De Maria; Andrea Verini Supplizi; Luca Mechelli; Monica Sforna. 2017. "Transcriptome Analysis of Canine Cutaneous Melanoma and Melanocytoma Reveals a Modulation of Genes Regulating Extracellular Matrix Metabolism and Cell Cycle." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1: 6386-6386.
Blood transfusions in veterinary medicine have become increasingly more common and are now an integral part of lifesaving and advanced treatment in small and large animals. Important risks associated with transfusion of blood products include the transmission of various infectious diseases. Several guidelines suggest what infectious agents to screen for in canine and feline transfusion medicine. However, while the risk of bacterial contamination of blood products during storage and administration has not been documented in veterinary medicine, it has emerged as a cause of morbidity and mortality in human transfusion medicine. Clinical experience shows that the majority of blood component bacterial contaminations are caused by only a few species. Unlike other types of bacteria, psychrotolerant species like Pseudomonas spp. and Serratia spp. can proliferate during the storage of blood units at 4°C from a very low titer at the time of blood collection to a clinically significant level (> 105 CFU/mL) causing clinical sepsis resulting from red blood cell concentrate transfusions in human medicine. The purpose of this report was to describe the detection and quantification procedures applied in 4 cases of bacterial contamination of canine and feline blood units, which suggest the need for further investigations to optimize patients’ safety in veterinary transfusion medicine.
Valentina Stefanetti; Arianna Miglio; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Elisa Sgariglia; Maria Luisa Marenzoni; Maria Teresa Antognoni; Mauro Coletti; Vittorio Mangili; Fabrizio Passamonti. Detection of bacterial contamination and DNA quantification in stored blood units in 2 veterinary hospital blood banks. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 2016, 45, 406 -410.
AMA StyleValentina Stefanetti, Arianna Miglio, Katia Cappelli, Stefano Capomaccio, Elisa Sgariglia, Maria Luisa Marenzoni, Maria Teresa Antognoni, Mauro Coletti, Vittorio Mangili, Fabrizio Passamonti. Detection of bacterial contamination and DNA quantification in stored blood units in 2 veterinary hospital blood banks. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 2016; 45 (3):406-410.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Stefanetti; Arianna Miglio; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Elisa Sgariglia; Maria Luisa Marenzoni; Maria Teresa Antognoni; Mauro Coletti; Vittorio Mangili; Fabrizio Passamonti. 2016. "Detection of bacterial contamination and DNA quantification in stored blood units in 2 veterinary hospital blood banks." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 45, no. 3: 406-410.
Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have been widely applied to disentangle the genetic basis of complex traits. In cattle breeds, classical GWAS approaches with medium‐density marker panels are far from conclusive, especially for complex traits. This is due to the intrinsic limitations of GWAS and the assumptions that are made to step from the association signals to the functional variations. Here, we applied a gene‐based strategy to prioritize genotype–phenotype associations found for milk production and quality traits with classical approaches in three Italian dairy cattle breeds with different sample sizes (Italian Brown n = 745; Italian Holstein n = 2058; Italian Simmental n = 477). Although classical regression on single markers revealed only a single genome‐wide significant genotype–phenotype association, for Italian Holstein, the gene‐based approach identified specific genes in each breed that are associated with milk physiology and mammary gland development. As no standard method has yet been established to step from variation to functional units (i.e., genes), the strategy proposed here may contribute to revealing new genes that play significant roles in complex traits, such as those investigated here, amplifying low association signals using a gene‐centric approach.
Stefano Capomaccio; Marco Milanesi; Lorenzo Bomba; Katia Cappelli; Ezequiel L. Nicolazzi; John L. Williams; Bruno Stefanon; Paolo Ajmone-Marsan. Searching new signals for production traits through gene-based association analysis in three Italian cattle breeds. Animal Genetics 2015, 46, 361 -370.
AMA StyleStefano Capomaccio, Marco Milanesi, Lorenzo Bomba, Katia Cappelli, Ezequiel L. Nicolazzi, John L. Williams, Bruno Stefanon, Paolo Ajmone-Marsan. Searching new signals for production traits through gene-based association analysis in three Italian cattle breeds. Animal Genetics. 2015; 46 (4):361-370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Capomaccio; Marco Milanesi; Lorenzo Bomba; Katia Cappelli; Ezequiel L. Nicolazzi; John L. Williams; Bruno Stefanon; Paolo Ajmone-Marsan. 2015. "Searching new signals for production traits through gene-based association analysis in three Italian cattle breeds." Animal Genetics 46, no. 4: 361-370.
Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a multi-systemic tick-borne disease affecting both humans and animals, including horses, and is caused by a group of interrelated spirochetes classified within the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex. Despite the high reported seroprevalence in the European equine population for B. burgdorferi s.l., to-date no documented clinical cases have been described. A 6-year-old Paint gelding was referred with a history of three weeks of fever, intermittent lameness and digital flexor tendon sheath effusion of the right hind limb. Based on a strict diagnostic protocol, which included serological tests for infectious diseases and molecular investigations, a final diagnosis was made of polysynovitis due to B. burgdorferi s.l. infection. An unreported aspect observed in this case was the absence of the pathogen DNA in two of the affected joints. To the authors' knowledge, the case described represents the first documented clinical case of equine LB in Italy. Moreover, the absence of pathogen DNA in two of the affected joints observed in this case revealed a possible similarity with the same condition described in humans, where an immunomediated pathogenesis for arthropathy due to B. burgdorferi s.l. infection is suspected. Since humans and horses share the same habitat, this report supports the role of the horse as potential sentinel for human biological risk.
Fabrizio Passamonti; Fabrizia Veronesi; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Alice Reginato; Arianna Miglio; Doron M Vardi; Valentina Stefanetti; Mauro Coletti; Chiara Bazzica; Marco Pepe. Polysynovitis in a horse due to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection – Case study. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2015, 22, 247 -250.
AMA StyleFabrizio Passamonti, Fabrizia Veronesi, Katia Cappelli, Stefano Capomaccio, Alice Reginato, Arianna Miglio, Doron M Vardi, Valentina Stefanetti, Mauro Coletti, Chiara Bazzica, Marco Pepe. Polysynovitis in a horse due to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection – Case study. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine. 2015; 22 (2):247-250.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabrizio Passamonti; Fabrizia Veronesi; Katia Cappelli; Stefano Capomaccio; Alice Reginato; Arianna Miglio; Doron M Vardi; Valentina Stefanetti; Mauro Coletti; Chiara Bazzica; Marco Pepe. 2015. "Polysynovitis in a horse due to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection – Case study." Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 22, no. 2: 247-250.