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The major purpose of this study was to examine the potential mediating role of perceived motor skill competence on relationships between actual ball skills and children’s physical activity (PA) and PA enjoyment. A total of 294 students (Mage = 10.96 ± 0.76; 51.7% boys) from three elementary schools completed validated questionnaires assessing their perceived competence, self-reported PA, and PA enjoyment. Students’ actual ball skills (i.e., basketball, overhand throwing, striking) were measured by PE MetricsTM. Correlation analyses showed positive relationships among the study variables (rs ranging from 0.12 to 0.56). The structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses demonstrated that the mediation model produces a goodness-of-fit to the data: χ2/df = 52.03/32; CFI = 0.96; NFI = 0.90; IFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.04. Path coefficients suggested that actual ball skill competence was strongly associated with perceived competence (β = 0.36, p< 0.01), which in turn significantly predicted PA (β = 0.29, p< 0.01) and PA enjoyment (β = 0.35, p< 0.01). The findings highlight that ball skills significantly impact students’ perceived competence, positively and indirectly affecting their PA and PA enjoyment. This study provides empirical evidence that recommends intervention strategies aimed at fostering elementary school students’ PA and PA enjoyment.
Tao Zhang; Joonyoung Lee; Lisa Barnett; Xiangli Gu. Does Perceived Competence Mediate between Ball Skills and Children’s Physical Activity and Enjoyment? Children 2021, 8, 575 .
AMA StyleTao Zhang, Joonyoung Lee, Lisa Barnett, Xiangli Gu. Does Perceived Competence Mediate between Ball Skills and Children’s Physical Activity and Enjoyment? Children. 2021; 8 (7):575.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao Zhang; Joonyoung Lee; Lisa Barnett; Xiangli Gu. 2021. "Does Perceived Competence Mediate between Ball Skills and Children’s Physical Activity and Enjoyment?" Children 8, no. 7: 575.
Engaging in healthy daily 24-h movement behaviors (e.g., moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA] ≥ 60 minutes, screen time <2 hours, and sleep ≥ 7 hours) is suggested to be associated with favorable mental health outcomes (e.g., less depressive symptoms and higher quality of life). Given the high prevalence of depressive symptoms among young adults worldwide, the primary purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sociodemographic factors, weight status, and adherence to the 24-h movement behavior guidelines on depressive symptoms among college students. A total of 278 college students (187 women; Mage = 22.38, SD = 3.91) completed the validated depressive symptom survey and wore the accelerometers (GT9X ActiGraph) objectively assessing their light PA [LPA], moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA], sedentary behavior, and sleep duration. Significant associations of sociodemographic factors (sex, academic level, race) and weight status with the prevalence of depressive symptoms were observed (p < .05), but not with adherence to the 24-h movement behavior guidelines. No significant associations were found between adherence to the 24-h movement behavior guidelines and the likelihood of depressive symptoms (odds ratios ranged from 0.56 to 1.85; p > .05). Adherence to the 24-h movement behavior guidelines was associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students. Higher education institutions should focus on depression screening and prevention among college students who are women, minority, and in an overweight/obese weight status.
Xiaoxia Zhang; Xiangli Gu. Adherence to the 24-hour Movement Behavior Guidelines and Associations with Depressive Symptoms among College Students. International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleXiaoxia Zhang, Xiangli Gu. Adherence to the 24-hour Movement Behavior Guidelines and Associations with Depressive Symptoms among College Students. International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoxia Zhang; Xiangli Gu. 2021. "Adherence to the 24-hour Movement Behavior Guidelines and Associations with Depressive Symptoms among College Students." International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education , no. : 1-13.
High prevalence of depression and physical inactivity have been consistently reported among college students, especially in females. Guided by Lubans et al.’s conceptual framework, the primary purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationships of PA motivation with leisure-time PA and depressive symptoms among college students over one academic year. Employing a longitudinal repeated measure design, 1004 college students in China were recruited in this study (28.3% males and 71.7% females; M age = 18.93 ± 0.64 years; 18–22 years old). Participants completed previously validated questionnaires assessing PA motivation (perceived competence beliefs and task values toward PA), leisure-time PA participation, and depressive symptoms in Fall 2016 (Time 1) and Fall 2017 (Time 2). Both male and female college students showed a significant increase of depressive symptoms from freshmen to sophomores (p < 0.05). The regression models indicated that perceived competence beliefs and task values toward PA were significant predictors of depressive symptoms at Time 2 (p < 0.05) after controlling for Time 1 measures in males and females, respectively. Physically active college students consistently demonstrated higher PA motivation, and they displayed fewer depressive symptoms compared to inactive peers over time (p < 0.05). The findings suggest sex-specified motivational intervention strategies and PA promotion programs/opportunities are needed to reduce depression symptoms among college students over time.
Jie Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Xiaoxia Zhang; Jihye Lee; Mei Chang; Tao Zhang. Longitudinal Effects of Motivation and Physical Activity on Depressive Symptoms among College Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5121 .
AMA StyleJie Zhang, Xiangli Gu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Jihye Lee, Mei Chang, Tao Zhang. Longitudinal Effects of Motivation and Physical Activity on Depressive Symptoms among College Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (10):5121.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJie Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Xiaoxia Zhang; Jihye Lee; Mei Chang; Tao Zhang. 2021. "Longitudinal Effects of Motivation and Physical Activity on Depressive Symptoms among College Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10: 5121.
The purposes of the study were: (1) to investigate the associations between fundamental motor skills (FMS), health-related fitness (HRF) and physical activity (PA) during middle childhood; and (2) to examine whether HRF serves as a mediator in these pathways. The participants were 342 children (156 girls; Mage = 8.40, SD = 0.50) recruited in Texas. Children’s FMS (locomotor and ball skills) were assessed. School-based PA that included light, moderate, and vigorous PA was captured by accelerometers. The FITNESSGRAM battery was used to measure children’s HRF, including body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscular fitness. Structural equation models were used to evaluate two proposed models (model-1 = FMS»HRF»PA; model-2 = PA»HRF»FMS). Both locomotor and ball skills were associated with all components of HRF (p < 0.01), but not PA. The SEM analyses supported associations between FMS, HRF and PA, with sound goodness-of-fit indices: (1) model-1: CFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.072; and (2) model-2: CFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.071, respectively. The relationship between FMS and PA was fully mediated by the HRF in both directions. The behavioral mechanism (e.g., maintaining appropriate levels of HRF) provides meaningful insights to understand the obesity trajectory during middle childhood.
Xiangli Gu; Priscila Tamplain; Weiyun Chen; Tao Zhang; M. Keller; Jing Wang. A Mediation Analysis of the Association between Fundamental Motor Skills and Physical Activity during Middle Childhood. Children 2021, 8, 64 .
AMA StyleXiangli Gu, Priscila Tamplain, Weiyun Chen, Tao Zhang, M. Keller, Jing Wang. A Mediation Analysis of the Association between Fundamental Motor Skills and Physical Activity during Middle Childhood. Children. 2021; 8 (2):64.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiangli Gu; Priscila Tamplain; Weiyun Chen; Tao Zhang; M. Keller; Jing Wang. 2021. "A Mediation Analysis of the Association between Fundamental Motor Skills and Physical Activity during Middle Childhood." Children 8, no. 2: 64.
John E Rasberry; Xiaoxia Zhang; Samantha Moss; Senlin Chen; Xiangli Gu. Movement behaviors and health-related fitness among peripubertal adolescents: 2012 NHANES national youth fitness survey data. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleJohn E Rasberry, Xiaoxia Zhang, Samantha Moss, Senlin Chen, Xiangli Gu. Movement behaviors and health-related fitness among peripubertal adolescents: 2012 NHANES national youth fitness survey data. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohn E Rasberry; Xiaoxia Zhang; Samantha Moss; Senlin Chen; Xiangli Gu. 2020. "Movement behaviors and health-related fitness among peripubertal adolescents: 2012 NHANES national youth fitness survey data." , no. : 1.
This study aimed to examine whether changes in physical activity (PA) after an 8-week pedometer-based intervention would result in changes on motor competence through competence beliefs towards physical education (PE). The study also evaluated whether the hypothesized causal pathway differed by gender. Participants were 259 children (Mean age = 10.88, SD =.78), randomly allocated to three intervention groups. Children's PA, competence beliefs towards PE, and motor competence were measured at pre- and post-tests. Significant relationships between PA and competence beliefs towards PE were found at pre- and post-tests. The magnitude of the relationship between competence beliefs towards PE and motor competence was larger at post-test than at pre-test (.33 vs.20). The structural invariance test suggested that the differences between boys and girls for the hypothesized models were insignificant (CMIN = 15.97, df = 12; p =.193). In general, the results suggest that changes on PA may cause changes in competence beliefs towards PE, which could result in changes on motor competence in middle to later childhood, regardless of gender. These data offer the possibility of using competence beliefs towards PE as a mediator in PA interventions designed to increase motor competence in childhood.
Xiangli Gu; You Fu; Weiyun Chen; Priscila M. Tamplain; Tao Zhang; Jing Wang. A Causal Pathway of Physical Activity to Motor Competence in Childhood:Evidence from a School-based Intervention. Journal of Sports Sciences 2020, 39, 460 -468.
AMA StyleXiangli Gu, You Fu, Weiyun Chen, Priscila M. Tamplain, Tao Zhang, Jing Wang. A Causal Pathway of Physical Activity to Motor Competence in Childhood:Evidence from a School-based Intervention. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2020; 39 (4):460-468.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiangli Gu; You Fu; Weiyun Chen; Priscila M. Tamplain; Tao Zhang; Jing Wang. 2020. "A Causal Pathway of Physical Activity to Motor Competence in Childhood:Evidence from a School-based Intervention." Journal of Sports Sciences 39, no. 4: 460-468.
This study aimed to investigate interactions among physical fitness, sleep quality, sedentary behavior, and depression among female college freshmen. Participants: A cohort of 1,514 Chinese female college freshmen (Mage = 18.8 ± .63) were recruited from four universities. Methods: Participants completed a survey assessing depression, sleep quality (sleep duration and sleep onset latency), and sedentary behavior, and performed physical fitness measurements. Results: Physical fitness indexes were associated with sleep quality and sedentary behavior (ps < .05) but not with depression. Depression was positively associated with sedentary behavior and sleep onset latency, but negatively associated with sleep duration (ps < .01). The model tests revealed that sleep quality (β = −.57, p < .01) and sedentary behavior (β = .14, p < .01) served as mediators between physical fitness and depression, respectively. Conclusions: Increasing sleep quality and minimizing sedentary behavior may build resilience to depression among Chinese female college freshmen.
Xiaoxia Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Tao Zhang; Jean M Keller. The mediating roles of sleep quality and sedentary behavior between physical fitness and depression among female college freshmen. Journal of American College Health 2020, 1 -8.
AMA StyleXiaoxia Zhang, Xiangli Gu, Tao Zhang, Jean M Keller. The mediating roles of sleep quality and sedentary behavior between physical fitness and depression among female college freshmen. Journal of American College Health. 2020; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoxia Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Tao Zhang; Jean M Keller. 2020. "The mediating roles of sleep quality and sedentary behavior between physical fitness and depression among female college freshmen." Journal of American College Health , no. : 1-8.
The major purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a jump rope-based physical activity afterschool program on middle school students’ physical fitness. Sixty students (Mage = 13.37, SD = 0.58; 53.3% female) participated in a 12-week jump rope-based afterschool program (45 min/time, three times/week). Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: (a) freestyle rope skipping (N = 20), traditional jump rope (N = 20), and a control group (N = 20). Physical fitness tests, including muscular strength (standing long jump, right-hand grip, and left-hand grip), flexibility, body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in pre- and post-tests. A 2 (time) × 3 (groups) repeated measure multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed. The results found significant improvements in muscular strength (standing long jump, right-hand grip, and left-hand grip) in both intervention groups (p < 0.001; ds = 0.2–0.44). Only the freestyle rope skipping group had increased BMD (p < 0.05, d = 0.33). Compared to the traditional jump rope, the freestyle rope skipping group showed significantly higher improvement in flexibility (p < 0.05, d = 0.83). These findings suggest that the jump rope-based afterschool program with freestyle rope skipping would be more effective than traditional jump rope to promote physical fitness performance among adolescents.
Xiaofeng Yang; Joonyoung Lee; Xiangli Gu; Xiaoxia Zhang; Tao Zhang. Physical Fitness Promotion among Adolescents: Effects of a Jump Rope-Based Physical Activity Afterschool Program. Children 2020, 7, 95 .
AMA StyleXiaofeng Yang, Joonyoung Lee, Xiangli Gu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Tao Zhang. Physical Fitness Promotion among Adolescents: Effects of a Jump Rope-Based Physical Activity Afterschool Program. Children. 2020; 7 (8):95.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaofeng Yang; Joonyoung Lee; Xiangli Gu; Xiaoxia Zhang; Tao Zhang. 2020. "Physical Fitness Promotion among Adolescents: Effects of a Jump Rope-Based Physical Activity Afterschool Program." Children 7, no. 8: 95.
Xiangli Gu; Weiyun Chen; Tao Zhang. Obesity In Adolescence: Does Motor Competence Or Physical Activity Matter? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2020, 52, 959 -959.
AMA StyleXiangli Gu, Weiyun Chen, Tao Zhang. Obesity In Adolescence: Does Motor Competence Or Physical Activity Matter? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2020; 52 (7S):959-959.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiangli Gu; Weiyun Chen; Tao Zhang. 2020. "Obesity In Adolescence: Does Motor Competence Or Physical Activity Matter?" Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 52, no. 7S: 959-959.
The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal developmental patterns of mental health (i.e., physical, psychosocial, and executive functioning) and movement behaviors (i.e., sedentary behavior and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) between Hispanic and non-Hispanic children. We tracked 153 children for 3 years from kindergarten (time 1) to third grade (time 2; 91 Hispanic; mean age = 5.36, SD = .48). Physical, psychosocial, and executive functioning was assessed using validated surveys, while school-based sedentary behavior and MVPA were assessed by accelerometers. A 2 × 2 (time × ethnicity) factorial repeated measures MANCOVA (gender and SES as covariates) revealed significant ethnicity effect (p = .05) and time by ethnicity interaction effect (p < .05). Hispanic children reported lower physical (p < .05) and psychosocial functioning (p > .05) but higher executive functioning (p < .05) than non-Hispanic children in kindergarten, but the gaps narrowed in third grade. Results also revealed that children’s sedentary behavior increased significantly (p < .05) and MVPA showed a declining trend (p > .05) over time. Ethnic disparities in mental health between Hispanic and non-Hispanic children exist but may reduce from early to middle childhood. The longitudinal changes relative to ethnicity highlight the need for tailored interventions to address health disparities in mental health and movement behaviors between Hispanic and non-Hispanic children.
Xiaoxia Zhang; Senlin Chen; Xiangli Gu. Ethnic Disparities in Mental Health and Movement Behaviors During Childhood: Examining the Longitudinal Developmental Patterns. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 2020, 7, 1249 -1257.
AMA StyleXiaoxia Zhang, Senlin Chen, Xiangli Gu. Ethnic Disparities in Mental Health and Movement Behaviors During Childhood: Examining the Longitudinal Developmental Patterns. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 2020; 7 (6):1249-1257.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoxia Zhang; Senlin Chen; Xiangli Gu. 2020. "Ethnic Disparities in Mental Health and Movement Behaviors During Childhood: Examining the Longitudinal Developmental Patterns." Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 7, no. 6: 1249-1257.
Promoting physical activity (PA) and eliminating health disparities among underserved minority children is a public health priority. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of actual motor competence (a set of object control skills) and perceived motor competence with PA participation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children who were born in the U.S. Guided by Stodden et al.’s conceptual model, we tested the direct and indirect effects (mediational model) of actual motor competence on health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) through perceived motor competence. Participants were 215 underserved Hispanic children (Mage = 10.55 years, SD = 0.53 [age range 10–12]; 51.6% boys), recruited from four elementary schools in the southwestern U.S., who completed validated questionnaires assessing their perceived motor competence, PA, and HRQoL. Their actual motor skills were assessed using PE MetricsTM. After examining the associations among the variables, we tested the hypothesized model using structural equation modeling (SEM; AMOS 25). The hypothesized model indicated a good fit (χ²/df = 38.427/24 = 1.60 < 5; non-normed fit index (NFI) = 0.93; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.968; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.053 [0.016, 0.083]). The effect of actual motor competence on PA and HRQoL was fully mediated by perceived motor competence. The findings demonstrated the mediating role of perceived motor competence between actual motor competence and health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children. The results highlight that actual motor competence significantly predicted underserved Hispanic children’ perceived motor competence, which in turn positively predicted their PA and HRQoL. These findings have significant practical implications for future intervention strategies of randomized clinical trials in schools aimed at promoting PA and HRQoL and eliminating health disparities among underserved Hispanic children.
Tao Zhang; Joonyoung Lee; Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu; Changzhou Chen; Xiangli Gu. Accessing Physical Activity and Health Disparities among Underserved Hispanic Children: The Role of Actual and Perceived Motor Competence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3013 .
AMA StyleTao Zhang, Joonyoung Lee, Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu, Changzhou Chen, Xiangli Gu. Accessing Physical Activity and Health Disparities among Underserved Hispanic Children: The Role of Actual and Perceived Motor Competence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (9):3013.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao Zhang; Joonyoung Lee; Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu; Changzhou Chen; Xiangli Gu. 2020. "Accessing Physical Activity and Health Disparities among Underserved Hispanic Children: The Role of Actual and Perceived Motor Competence." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3013.
Depression has become the most prevalent mental health problem in developing countries, and especially among adolescents. Lubans and his colleagues proposed a psychosocial mechanism to understand the trajectory of mental health (i.e., depression). Thus, this study aimed (1) to examine the relations between different doses of physical activity (PA), light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), and vigorous PA (VPA), academic self-efficacy, and depression among adolescents, and (2) to investigate the direct and indirect relations of various doses of PA to depression through academic self-efficacy among middle school adolescents. Participants were 428 (235 boys, Mean age = 13.7) adolescents recruited from two middle schools in China. They completed previously validated questionnaires to measure different intensity levels of PA (LPA, MPA, and VPA), academic self-efficacy, and depression. There were significant associations of academic self-efficacy with three different doses of PA (p < 0.01). Both LPA and MPA were negatively associated with depression but not VPA. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed a well-fit model suggesting the psychosocial pathway from different doses of PA to depression through academic self-efficacy. Findings of this study indicated that academic self-efficacy regulates adolescents’ depression. Tailoring different intensities of PA benefits adolescents’ academic self-efficacy by framing the positive and supportive environment in schools, which can potentially reduce the prevalence of depression during adolescence.
Man Xiang; Xiangli Gu; Xiaoxia Zhang; Samantha Moss; Chaoqun Huang; Larry Paul Nelson; Tao Zhang. Psychosocial Mechanism of Adolescents’ Depression: A Dose-Response Relation with Physical Activity. Children 2020, 7, 37 .
AMA StyleMan Xiang, Xiangli Gu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Samantha Moss, Chaoqun Huang, Larry Paul Nelson, Tao Zhang. Psychosocial Mechanism of Adolescents’ Depression: A Dose-Response Relation with Physical Activity. Children. 2020; 7 (4):37.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMan Xiang; Xiangli Gu; Xiaoxia Zhang; Samantha Moss; Chaoqun Huang; Larry Paul Nelson; Tao Zhang. 2020. "Psychosocial Mechanism of Adolescents’ Depression: A Dose-Response Relation with Physical Activity." Children 7, no. 4: 37.
School physical activity environments including physical environment (e.g., facilities, equipment) and social environment (e.g., teachers and peers support) provide a foundational support for children's physical activities in school. Guided by self-determination theory, this study aimed to test three mediation models between school physical activity environments and PE related outcomes (i.e., effort in PE and physical fitness) through basic psychological need satisfaction (BPNS) among Hispanic children in the U.S. Participants included 215 fourth- and fifth-grade Hispanic children (Mage = 10.66 years), who completed (a) a survey measuring perceived school physical activity environments, BPNS, and effort in PE, and (b) the FITNESSGRAM® test battery assessing their cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness, and body composition. Structural equation modeling revealed that, controlling for age, school physical activity environments positively predicted effort in PE through partial mediation of BPNS and physical fitness through full mediation of BPNS. These findings highlight the potential roles of school environments in predicting Hispanic children's health and fitness. Accordingly, building adequate physical activity facilities and providing culturally relevant activities is recommended for enhancing Hispanic children's learning in PE.
Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu; Tao Zhang; Xiaoxia Zhang; Katherine T. Thomas; Xiangli Gu. School environments predict Hispanic children's physical education related outcomes through basic psychological need satisfaction. Learning and Individual Differences 2020, 80, 101844 .
AMA StyleTsz Lun (Alan) Chu, Tao Zhang, Xiaoxia Zhang, Katherine T. Thomas, Xiangli Gu. School environments predict Hispanic children's physical education related outcomes through basic psychological need satisfaction. Learning and Individual Differences. 2020; 80 ():101844.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTsz Lun (Alan) Chu; Tao Zhang; Xiaoxia Zhang; Katherine T. Thomas; Xiangli Gu. 2020. "School environments predict Hispanic children's physical education related outcomes through basic psychological need satisfaction." Learning and Individual Differences 80, no. : 101844.
A need-supportive environment can provide various motivational benefits to impact children’s psychomotor developmental levels. However, very little is known about the effects of need-supportive motor skill intervention on children’s motor skill competence and physical activity by gender. Guided by self-determination theory (SDT), this study aimed to (a) investigate the effect of a need-supportive fundamental movement skill (FMS) program on children’s FMS competence and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and (b) explore potential gender differences in these effects. Thirty-six children (63.8% girls; M age = 6.52 ± 0.97) participated and were divided into two groups: an intervention group (24 need-supportive FMS sessions over eight weeks) and a control group. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to examine the influence of the motor skill intervention on FMS competence and MVPA over time by group (intervention, control) and gender (boys, girls). The results showed (a) significant group differences between the intervention and control group in FMS competence and MVPA (p < 0.001), (b) non-significant gender differences between boys and girls in FMS competence and MVPA (p = 0.85), and (c) non-significant interaction effects over time (p = 0.52). The findings highlight that a need-supportive FMS program may enhance FMS development and daily physical activity for both genders during the early school years.
Joonyoung Lee; Tao Zhang; Tsz Chu; Xiangli Gu. Effects of a Need-Supportive Motor Skill Intervention on Children’s Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity. Children 2020, 7, 21 .
AMA StyleJoonyoung Lee, Tao Zhang, Tsz Chu, Xiangli Gu. Effects of a Need-Supportive Motor Skill Intervention on Children’s Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity. Children. 2020; 7 (3):21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoonyoung Lee; Tao Zhang; Tsz Chu; Xiangli Gu. 2020. "Effects of a Need-Supportive Motor Skill Intervention on Children’s Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity." Children 7, no. 3: 21.
Working women are at a high risk of suffering from occupational stress and burnout, which can result in reducing Quality of Life (QoL). Guided by the QoL construct and Luban et al.’s conceptual framework, this study aimed to (a) investigate the roles of individual factors (i.e., age) and psychosocial factors (i.e., occupational stress, burnout) on QoL among working women, and (b) examine the age differences among study variables (young versus middle-aged groups). Participants were 375 working women (Mage = 42.06) recruited in Shanghai, China. They completed previously validated questionnaires assessing their occupational stress, burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy), and QoL (physical health, psychological health, social relationship, and living environment). Confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson product-moment correlation, hierarchical regressions, and factorial multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) were used to examine the relationships and differences between occupational stress, burnout, and QoL among working women. Correlation and regression analyses indicated that occupational stress and burnout were significantly associated with QoL among these participants. Two one-factor MANOVAs demonstrated that young-aged working women had higher occupational stress and burnout, but lower levels of QoL than middle-aged women. These results suggest that adopting specific coping strategies to reduce or prevent occupational stress and burnout are needed to improve QoL among working women.
Yi Xiao; Tao Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Joonyoung Lee; Hongying Wang. The Roles of Individual and Psychosocial Factors in Predicting Quality of Life Among Working Women in Shanghai. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1751 .
AMA StyleYi Xiao, Tao Zhang, Xiangli Gu, Joonyoung Lee, Hongying Wang. The Roles of Individual and Psychosocial Factors in Predicting Quality of Life Among Working Women in Shanghai. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (5):1751.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi Xiao; Tao Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Joonyoung Lee; Hongying Wang. 2020. "The Roles of Individual and Psychosocial Factors in Predicting Quality of Life Among Working Women in Shanghai." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5: 1751.
Recent advancements in Virtual Reality (VR) technology has opened a wide array of its practical uses in rehabilitation, physical activity, and motor skill acquisition among children. During VR simulations, participants practice specific movements and movement patterns, in a computersimulated environment that emulates the real world. However, to date, limited suggestions about the effectiveness and feasibility of VR technology in children with disorders have been informed. This mini review aimed to identify the most effective VR systems being used in pediatric rehabilitation and examine the effects of VR on physical activity and motor competence of children with disorders over time. Recent VR studies and literature reviews were examined in order to identify these effects.
Tao Zhang; Brent Brooke; Joonyoung Lee; Ana West; Xiangli Gu. Virtual Reality and Its Effectiveness on Motor Development and Rehabilitation in Children with Disorders. American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research 2020, 7, 269 -273.
AMA StyleTao Zhang, Brent Brooke, Joonyoung Lee, Ana West, Xiangli Gu. Virtual Reality and Its Effectiveness on Motor Development and Rehabilitation in Children with Disorders. American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research. 2020; 7 (3):269-273.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao Zhang; Brent Brooke; Joonyoung Lee; Ana West; Xiangli Gu. 2020. "Virtual Reality and Its Effectiveness on Motor Development and Rehabilitation in Children with Disorders." American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research 7, no. 3: 269-273.
The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between school-based sedentary behavior, physical activity, and health-related outcomes, including cardiorespiratory fitness, weight status, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Hispanic children. The participants were 374 children (192 boys, 182 girls; Mage = 9.64) recruited from four elementary schools from 3rd grade through to 5th grade. Sedentary behavior and physical activity behaviors (light physical activity [LPA] and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) during school were measured by accelerometers. Cardiorespiratory fitness and weight status were measured using the FITNESSGRAM®, while HRQOL was measured using the PedsQL 4.0TM Spanish version, a validated questionnaire. Sedentary behavior was negatively correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness and HRQOL but positively associated with weight status. MVPA was positively correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness and HRQOL, but negatively associated with weight status and sedentary behavior. Multiple regressions demonstrated that sedentary behavior significantly predicted cardiorespiratory fitness and weight status, whereas MVPA significantly predicted HRQOL. With the current public health priority aiming to reduce health disparities in minority populations, the findings of this study provide important insights. Educators, health care providers, or other professionals working with Hispanic children are encouraged to focus on reducing sedentary behavior and promoting physical activity to improve their health-related outcomes.
Xiangli Gu; Tao Zhang; Senlin Chen; M Jean Keller; Xiaoxia Zhang. School-Based Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Outcomes among Hispanic Children in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 1197 .
AMA StyleXiangli Gu, Tao Zhang, Senlin Chen, M Jean Keller, Xiaoxia Zhang. School-Based Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Outcomes among Hispanic Children in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (4):1197.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiangli Gu; Tao Zhang; Senlin Chen; M Jean Keller; Xiaoxia Zhang. 2020. "School-Based Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Outcomes among Hispanic Children in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4: 1197.
Purpose: Using 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) National Youth Fitness Survey data, the authors conducted a cross-sectional secondary analysis to examine the associations of movement behaviors (ie, physical activity [PA] and screen-based sedentary behaviors) and fundamental motor skills (FMS) with fitness (ie, muscular fitness) and fatness (ie, body mass index and waist circumference) in 3- to 5-year-old children. The effect of ethnicity (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic) on these associations was also examined. Methods: A total of 352 children (173 girls; mean age = 4.02 y) from the 2012 NHANES data set were included. Parents reported their child’s PA and screen-based sedentary behaviors. FMS (ie, locomotor and object control) were assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development, 2nd edition. Other variables used were body mass index, waist circumference, and plank. Results: Hispanic children demonstrated lower levels of PA than non-Hispanic children (P < .05). Children’s FMS emerged as significant predictors of muscular fitness and waist circumference, but not for body mass index in the Hispanic group. In the non-Hispanic group, FMS (ie, object control skills) and PA accounted for significant variances of muscular fitness and waist circumference, respectively. Conclusion: The associations of movement behaviors and FMS with fitness and fatness are different between Hispanic and non-Hispanic young children. Changes in policy or early childhood curriculum may be tailed to promote FMS for an impact on fitness and fatness in both Hispanic and non-Hispanic children.
Xiaoxia Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Tao Zhang; Priscila Caçola; Jing Wang. Are Movement Behaviors and Fundamental Motor Skills Associated With Fitness and Fatness in Early Childhood? Findings From the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey. Pediatric Exercise Science 2020, 32, 9 -15.
AMA StyleXiaoxia Zhang, Xiangli Gu, Tao Zhang, Priscila Caçola, Jing Wang. Are Movement Behaviors and Fundamental Motor Skills Associated With Fitness and Fatness in Early Childhood? Findings From the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey. Pediatric Exercise Science. 2020; 32 (1):9-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoxia Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Tao Zhang; Priscila Caçola; Jing Wang. 2020. "Are Movement Behaviors and Fundamental Motor Skills Associated With Fitness and Fatness in Early Childhood? Findings From the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey." Pediatric Exercise Science 32, no. 1: 9-15.
Globally, more than half of school-aged children do not engage in the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Given that developing sufficient fundamental motor skills (FMS) competence during early elementary school years is important for a child’s physical and cognitive development, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week FMS-based afterschool program on physical and cognitive health outcomes among elementary children. Participants were 31 K–2 students (19 girls, 12 boys; Mage = 6.65 ± 0.98) from three public elementary schools in the southwestern United States who were assigned to the intervention group (FMS-based afterschool program; n = 20) or the control group (traditional afterschool program; n = 11). A 2 × 2 repeated measures MANOVA showed significant changes in FMS competence and MVPA between the intervention and the control group over time. However, no significant changes were found in cognitive functioning. The 8-week FMS-based afterschool program showed significant improvements in FMS competence and MVPA, compared to a traditional afterschool program. This finding suggests that structured FMS-focused strategies (e.g., fun games and goal setting) can be a critical component when implementing a physical activity program to enhance children’s motor skills and physical activity behavior.
Joonyoung Lee; Tao Zhang; Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu; Xiangli Gu; Ping Zhu. Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skill-Based Afterschool Program on Children’s Physical and Cognitive Health Outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 733 .
AMA StyleJoonyoung Lee, Tao Zhang, Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu, Xiangli Gu, Ping Zhu. Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skill-Based Afterschool Program on Children’s Physical and Cognitive Health Outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (3):733.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoonyoung Lee; Tao Zhang; Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu; Xiangli Gu; Ping Zhu. 2020. "Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skill-Based Afterschool Program on Children’s Physical and Cognitive Health Outcomes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3: 733.
School physical education (PE) as an important social context can promote adolescents’ physical health and contributes to their mental health. Guided by the self-determination health behavior model, the study aimed to examine a structural mediation model to investigate the relationships among perceived need support from PE teachers, psychological need satisfaction, and adolescents’ health-related outcomes. Participants were 300 adolescents (Mage = 14.48; 50.3% girls) recruited from five middle schools in Shanghai, China. They completed previously validated questionnaires assessing their perceived need support from PE teachers, psychological need satisfaction, leisure time physical activity (LTPA), and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The hypothesized model demonstrated a good fit (χ2/df = 3.4, p < 0.01; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.09; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.06; Bentler–Bonett Nonnormed Fit Index (NFI)= 0.92; Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.94; 90% Confidence Interval (CI) [0.07, 0.11]). The findings indicated that three basic psychological needs can be satisfied by perceived need support from PE teachers, and psychological need satisfaction was positively associated with health-related outcomes such as LTPA and HRQOL. In addition, psychological need satisfaction mediated the relationship between perceived need support from PE teachers and health-related outcomes such as LTPA and HRQOL in the present study. The findings supported the theoretical tenets of the self-determination health behavior model and its generalizability among Chinese adolescent students.
Changzhou Chen; Tao Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Joonyoung Lee; Sutang Ren; Hongying Wang. Understanding Adolescents’ Need Support, Need Satisfaction, and Health-Related Outcomes: A Self-Determination Health Behavior Perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 17, 104 .
AMA StyleChangzhou Chen, Tao Zhang, Xiangli Gu, Joonyoung Lee, Sutang Ren, Hongying Wang. Understanding Adolescents’ Need Support, Need Satisfaction, and Health-Related Outcomes: A Self-Determination Health Behavior Perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 17 (1):104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChangzhou Chen; Tao Zhang; Xiangli Gu; Joonyoung Lee; Sutang Ren; Hongying Wang. 2019. "Understanding Adolescents’ Need Support, Need Satisfaction, and Health-Related Outcomes: A Self-Determination Health Behavior Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1: 104.