The Conducting of polymers belongs to the class of polymers exhibiting excellence in electrical performances because of their intrinsic delocalized π- electrons and their tunability ranges from semi-conductive to metallic conductive regime. Conducting polymers and their composites serve greater functionality in the application of strain and pressure sensors, especially in yielding a better figure of merits, such as improved sensitivity, sensing range, durability, and mechanical robustness. The electrospinning process allows the formation of micro to nano-dimensional fibers with solution-processing attributes and offers an exciting aspect ratio by forming ultra-long fibrous structures. This review comprehensively covers the fundamentals of conducting polymers, sensor fabrication, working modes, and recent trends in achieving the sensitivity, wide-sensing range, reduced hysteresis, and durability of thin film, porous, and nanofibrous sensors. Furthermore, nanofiber and textile-based sensory device importance and its growth towards futuristic wearable electronics in a technological era was systematically reviewed to overcome the existing challenges.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have become reliable green energy harvesters by converting biomechanical motions into electricity. However, the inevitable charge leakage and poor electric field (EF) of conventional TENG result in inferior tribo‐charge density on the active layer. In this paper, TiO₂‐MXene incorporated polystyrene (PS) nanofiber membrane (PTMx NFM) charge trapping interlayer is introduced into single electrode mode TENG (S‐TENG) to prevent electron loss at the electrode interface. Surprisingly, this charge‐trapping mechanism augments the surface charge density and electric output performance of TENGs. Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) mixed polyurethane (PU) NFM is used as tribo‐active layer, which improves the crystallinity and mechanical property of PVDF to prevent delamination during long cycle tests. Herein, the effect of this double‐layer capacitive model is explained experimentally and theoretically. With optimization of the PTMx interlayer thickness, S‐TENG exhibits a maximum open‐circuit voltage of (280 V), short‐circuit current of (20 µA) transfer charge of (120 nC), and power density of (25.2 µW cm⁻²). Then, this energy is utilized to charge electrical appliances. In addition, the influence of AC/DC EF simulation in wound healing management (vitro L929 cell migration, vivo tissue regeneration) is also investigated by changing the polarity of trans‐epithelial potential (TEP) distribution in the wounded area.

In use of saturable Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystals, we have demonstrated the stable Q-switched and mode-locked (QML) operation of the Nd:LuVO₄ laser. The operation range of QML in use of the Cr⁴⁺:YAG is larger than that use of SESAM and NLM. The obtained shape of Q-switched envelope, repetition rate and pulse energy are demonstrated to depend on the initial transmittance of the Cr⁴⁺:YAG and reflectivity of the output coupler. Using R=60% and T0=40%, the highest pulse energy of 77 µJ of each Q-switched envelope, and the highest peak power about 200 kW of Q-switched mode-locked pulses can be obtained at 15 W pump power. It demonstrate the superior characteristic of the Nd:LuVO⁴ crystal.

Several biological membranes have been served as scattering materials of random lasers, but few of them include natural photonic crystals. Here, we propose and demonstrate a facile approach to fabricating high-performance biological photonic crystal random lasers, which is cost-effective and reproducible for mass production. As a benchmark, optical and lasing properties of dye-coated Lepidoptera wings, including Papilio ulysses butterfly and Chrysiridia rhipheus moth, are characterized and show a stable laser emission with a superior threshold of 0.016 mJ/cm², as compared to previous studies. To deploy the proposed devices in practical implementation, we have applied the as-fabricated biological devices to bright speckle-free imaging applications, which is a more sustainable and more accessible imaging strategy.