The tension force of cables must be measured accurately during construction and maintenance stages for cable-supported bridge systems. On the basis of the transverse vibration equation of a cable and by using a curve-fitting technique to replace the numerical iterative process, a practical formula to estimate the cable tension is proposed in a simply explicit form, in which the bending stiffness of the cable is included, and the sag effect is neglected for simplicity by using the frequencies relative to antisymmetric or higher vibration modes of the cable. The capability of this formulation is verified through comparison with available experimental results and finite-element solutions, which indicate that the formula developed in this paper is sufficiently accurate and can be conveniently applied to field measurement for cable-supported bridge systems.

Compared with scaled-model testing, full-scale destructive testing is more reliable since the test has no size effect and can truly record the mechanical performance of the structure. However, due to the high cost, only very few full-scale destructive tests have been conducted on the flexural behavior of prestressed concrete (PC) box girders with girders removed from decommissioned bridges. Moreover, related destructive testing on the flexural behavior of a new precast box girder has been rarely reported. To investigate the flexural behavior and optimize the design, destructive testing of a 30-meter full-scale simply supported prestressed box girder was conducted at the construction site. It is illustrated that the failure mode of the tested girder was fracture of the prestressing tendon, and the corresponding maximum compressive strain in the top flange was only 1456 $\mu \epsilon$ , which is far less than the ultimate compressive strain (3300 $\mu \epsilon$ ). Therefore, the concrete in the top flange was not fully utilized. A nonlinear analysis procedure was performed using the finite strip method (FSM). The validity of the analysis was demonstrated by comparing the analytical results with those of the full-scale test in the field and a scaled model test in a laboratory. Using the developed numerical method, parametric analyses of the ratio of reinforcement were carried out. The prestressing tendon of the tested girder was increased from four strands to six strands in each duct. After the optimization of the prestressed reinforcement, the girder was ductile and the bearing capacity could be increased by 44.3%.

For the complexity of accidents occurredat the intersections, a temporal-spatial collision warning method was proposed. On the basis of vehicle's passing time of the conflict zone, the algorithm calculated probability of accident was established. Due to the deficiencies of considering time coordinate only, spatial coefficient which represented the relationship between actual distance and safety braking distance was used to correct the algorithm. A two-way and two-lane intersection was taken as an example. The drivers were divided into three categories: normal, negative and positive. Finally, special warning method was used to remind different kinds of drivers to avoid accidents. The results illustrated that the system should warn the negative drivers earlier and a delay warning measure should be taken for positive drivers

Environmental pollution caused by excessive Sb(III) in the water environment is a global issue. We investigated the effect of processing parameters, their interaction and mechanistic details for the removal of Sb(III) using an iron salt-modified biosorbent (Fe(III)-modified Proteus cibarius (FMPAs)). Our study evaluated the optimisation of the adsorption time, adsorbent dose, pH, temperature and the initial concentration of Sb(III). We use response surface methodology to optimize this process, determining optimal processing conditions and the adsorption mechanism evaluated based on isotherm model and adsorption kinetics. The results showed that—(1) the optimal conditions for the adsorption of Sb(III) by FMPAs were an adsorption time of 2.2 h, adsorbent dose of 3430 mg/L, at pH 6.0 and temperature 44.0 °C. For the optimum initial concentration of Sb(III) 27.70 mg/L, the removal efficiency of Sb(III) reached 97.60%. (2) The adsorption process for Sb(III) removal by FMPAs conforms to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, and its maximum adsorption capacity (q_max) is as high as 30.612 mg/g. A pseudo-first-order kinetic model provided the best fit to the adsorption process, classified as single layer adsorption and chemisorption mechanism. (3) The adsorption of Sb(III) takes place via the hydroxyl group in Fe–O–OH and EPS–Polyose–O–Fe(OH)₂, which forms a new complex Fe–O–Sb and X≡Fe–OH. The study showed that FMPAs have higher adsorption capacity for Sb(III) than other previously studied sorbents and with low environmental impact, it has a great potential as a green adsorbent for Sb(III) in water.

In this research, the sustainable applications for utilizing antimony tailing coarse aggregate (ATCA) in concrete is investigated. Comprehensive verifications were performed by a series of experiments on the characteristic of ATCA and the toxicity risks of concrete. Firstly, a real case study of utilization of ATCA as a complete substitute for natural coarse aggregate (NCA) in high strength concrete was conducted. Then, chemical composition of ATCA was tested. It is demonstrated that the essential mineral is SiO₂ and the lithology of ATCA is quartzite. The mechanical properties, coarse quality of ATCA, and NCA were studied and compared. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and compressive elastic modulus of ATWR are 221.51 MPa, 5.93 MPa, and 3.33 × 10⁴ MPa, which are 1.31, 2.22, 1.40 times of that of NR, respectively. All of the quality control indices of ATCA meet the requirements of the current industry standards of China. Finally, the toxicity risks of ATCA concrete were investigated. It is illustrated that the leaching of main heavy metals including Sb, As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Zn in the ATCA concrete under different pH conditions are below the regulatory limits. The utilization of antimony tailing has significant environmental and economic benefits.