Multi-layer microgrids cluster (MLMC) has been formed in some certain areas with microgrids (MGs) merging into smart distributed system. It relies on an energy management system (EMS) to manage and schedule the optimal power flow among MGs and public power system in a stable and balanced way. Compared with EMS for single MG, energy management optimization for MLMC is much more complex that the interactions with other MGs require to be considered. In this paper a multi-time-scales EMS is proposed to minimize the total operating cost of MLMC. It consists of two parts: day-ahead static scheduling and real-time dynamic compensation. The day-ahead scheduling is an economic optimization based on the forecasting data within 24 hours. The real-time dynamic compensation is presented to compensate scheduling signal based on the real-time operating information, which is caused by the predictive error. Furthermore, charge-discharge protections of energy storage system (ESS) for each single MG are taken into account. A general-structure MLMG is studied as an example, and this problem is solved by mixed integer linear programming (MILP). The effectiveness of proposed EMS is verified in the MG Research Laboratory in Aalborg University, Denmark. The hardware-in-loop simulation results show the proposed EMS has a good convergence and performance in grid-connected mode.

Increasing worldwide energy demand and well known pollution effects of fossil fuels, make necessary to develop new environmentally friendly energy generation systems such as wind energy. In this research a predictive current control with reactive power reduction is proposed for a six-phase energy generator - multi-modular matrix converter system. The proposal shows a significant harmonic reduction in the generator side and a THD less than 0.6% at the load side, with good current tracking, making it suitable for further grid interconnection.

In this paper, a multi-modular matrix converter (MMC) topology as the power conversion core to interconnect a sixphase wind energy generator to the grid is proposed and analyzed theoretically. The proposed architecture is useful in distributed generation systems, where each module consists of a three-phase matrix converter topology. Furthermore, a model-based predictive control will be applied to the MMC in order to evaluate the dynamic performance in the design of current control. Finally, simulation results based on a MatLab/Simulink will be discussed in order to highlight the most relevant characteristic of the proposed MMC topology.

Wind energy use has shown a remarkable increase in last years. In order to achieve the highest efficiency with the best characteristics in wind turbines, it is necessary to analyze relevant factors in wind energy conversion. In this review a state of the art is presented focused on modeling, constitutive elements, structure and control of wind generation systems and the increasing use of wind energy worldwide is evidenced.

Power electronic devices play an important role in energy conversion. Among the options, matrix converters, in combination with predictive control, represent a good alternative for the power conversion stage. Although several reviews have been undertaken on this topic, they have been conducted in a non-systematic manner, without indicating how the studies considered were chosen. This paper presents results from a systematic literature review on predictive control applied to matrix converters that included 142 primary papers, which were selected after applying a defined protocol with clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study provides a detailed classification of predictive control methods and strategies applied to different matrix converter topologies. Research findings require to be understood in combination to develop a common understanding of the topic and ensure that future research effort is based on solid premises. In light of this, this study identifies and characterizes different predictive control techniques and matrix converter topologies through systematic literature review. The results of the review indicate that interest in the area is increasing. A number of open questions in the field are discussed.

In the recent years, model predictive control has been consolidated as a design strategy and an attractive alternative for the control of power electronic devices. This paper proposes an active and reactive power control strategy based on predictive control approach applied to grid-connected renewable energy systems. To accomplish this, a three-phase two-level voltage source inverter based topology is used in combination with a simple and efficient fixed-frequency modulation technique. Results based on a MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment are discussed and the most relevant characteristics of the proposed fixed-frequency predictive control approach are highlighted considering the total harmonic distortion as a figure of merit.