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Overexploitation of resources makes the reutilization of waste a focal topic of modern society, and the question of the kind of wastes that can be used is continuously raised. Sewage sludge (SS) is derived from the wastewater treatment plants, considered important underused biomass, and can be used as a biofertilizer when properly stabilized due to the high content of inorganic matter, nitrate, and phosphorus. However, a wide range of pollutants can be present in these biosolids, limiting or prohibiting their use as biofertilizer, depending on the type and origin of industrial waste and household products. Long-term applications of these biosolids could substantially increase the concentration of contaminants, causing detrimental effects on the environment and induce hyperaccumulation or phytotoxicity in the produced crops. In this work, some critical parameters for soils and SS agronomic use, such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium (NPK), and heavy metals concentration have been reviewed. Several cases of food crop production and the accumulation of heavy metals after SS application are also discussed. SS production, usage, and legislation in EU are assessed to determine the possibility of sustainable management of this bioresource. Additionally, the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines are addressed. The opportunity to produce bioenergy crops, employing sewage sludge to enhance degraded land, is also considered, due to energy security. Although there are numerous advantages of sewage sludge, proper screening for heavy metals in all the variants (biosolids, soil, food products) is a must. SS application requires appropriate strict guidelines with appropriate regulatory oversight to control contamination of agricultural soils.
Nuno Nunes; Carla Ragonezi; Carla Gouveia; Miguel Pinheiro de Carvalho. Review of Sewage Sludge as a Soil Amendment in Relation to Current International Guidelines: A Heavy Metal Perspective. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2317 .
AMA StyleNuno Nunes, Carla Ragonezi, Carla Gouveia, Miguel Pinheiro de Carvalho. Review of Sewage Sludge as a Soil Amendment in Relation to Current International Guidelines: A Heavy Metal Perspective. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2317.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNuno Nunes; Carla Ragonezi; Carla Gouveia; Miguel Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2021. "Review of Sewage Sludge as a Soil Amendment in Relation to Current International Guidelines: A Heavy Metal Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2317.
Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) are important food crops worldwide, whose productivity is threatened by climatic constraints, namely drought. Data calibration, validation, and model development of high-precision near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) involving multivariate analyses are needed for the fast prediction of the quality of tubers and shoots impacted by drought stress. The main objective of this study was to generate accurate NIRS models for quality assessment of taro and sweet potato accessions (acc.) subjected to water scarcity conditions. Seven taro and eight sweet potato acc. from diverse geographical origins were evaluated for nitrogen (N), protein (Pt), starch (St), total mineral (M), calcium oxalate (CaOx), carbon isotope discrimination (∆13C), and nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N). Models were developed separately for both crops underground and aboveground organs. N, Pt, St, and M models could be used as quality control constituents, with a determination coefficient of prediction (r2pred) between 0.856 and 0.995. δ13C, δ15N, and CaOx, with r2pred between 0.178 and 0.788, could be used as an informative germplasm screening tool. The approach used in the present study demonstrates NIRS’s potential for further research on crop quality under drought.
Carla S. S. Gouveia; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Pinheiro De Carvalho. NIRS Estimation of Drought Stress on Chemical Quality Constituents of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) and Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Flours. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 8724 .
AMA StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Pinheiro De Carvalho. NIRS Estimation of Drought Stress on Chemical Quality Constituents of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) and Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Flours. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (23):8724.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Pinheiro De Carvalho. 2020. "NIRS Estimation of Drought Stress on Chemical Quality Constituents of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) and Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Flours." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23: 8724.
Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is a staple food and represents an important food security role in most tropical regions. It is, unfortunately, susceptible to prolonged drought conditions. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a well-documented stress-induced phytohormone that tolerant crops usually accumulate in leaves to induce stomatal closure, preventing water loss through inhibition of transpiration. Hitherto, exists very scarce information regarding the ABA role in taro response to drought. Here, we determined the ABA content in the shoots and corms of taro subjected to seven months of water scarcity and linked ABA to other drought resilience traits, including carbon isotopic discrimination (Δ13C), oxalic acid (OA), chlorophyll content index (CCI), water use efficiency (WUE), and biomass (B). The Δ13C-shoot content showed partially open stomata in all accessions, and significant correlation with Δ13C-corm, CCI, and WUE. The osmotically active OA-shoot decrease seemed not to interfere with the stomatal aperture. The tolerant accessions subjected to drought stress had higher B-corm, ABA-shoot, Δ13C-shoot, CCI, OA, and WUE. However, the observed under drought conditions increase of ABA in the shoots, and its decrease in the corms were not significantly correlated, nor with other traits, suggesting that ABA was not the main regulator of taro physiological processes under stress. The information gained should be considered in breeding programs to predict taro’s response to climate change.
Carla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Jan J. Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Involvement of abscisic acid and other stress indicators in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) response to drought conditions. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 2020, 42, 1 -11.
AMA StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia, José F. T. Ganança, Jan J. Slaski, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Involvement of abscisic acid and other stress indicators in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) response to drought conditions. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 2020; 42 (12):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Jan J. Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2020. "Involvement of abscisic acid and other stress indicators in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) response to drought conditions." Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 42, no. 12: 1-11.
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.), typically cultivated in temperate climates under low inputs, is one of the most important crops worldwide. Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important plant stress‐induced phytohormone. Hitherto, few works analyzed the ABA function in sweet potato tissue growth. Very scarce information is available concerning the ABA role in sweet potato response to water scarcity conditions. Here, we show the ABA content variation in shoots and tubers of eight sweet potato accessions subjected to drought stress. ABA was also related to other resistance traits, such as chlorophyll content index (CCI), carbon isotopic discrimination (Δ13C), oxalic acid (OA), and water use efficiency (WUE), to assess stress response mechanisms to water deficit between their organs. The most resilient drought‐stressed sweet potato plants accumulated ABA‐shoot, and significantly decreased the ABA‐tuber content. ABA signaling was related to Δ13C and CCI decrease and WUE increment, as an attempt to cope with water stress by partially closing the stomata. The partial closure of stomata could be in part due to the presence of OA‐shoots, known to affect the intensity of the ABA‐shoot signal in stomatal closure. Higher CCI content and minimal Δ13C‐shoot differences indicated good carboxylation fractionation, with higher Δ13C‐tuber content as an indicator of efficient tuber 13C fixation and growth. Our work demonstrated that ABA could be used in conjunction with the other traits in the study for the assessment of sweet potato whole‐plant responses to environmental stresses, and thus aid the selection of the best drought tolerant genotypes for breeding programs.
Carla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Jan J. Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Abscisic acid phytohormone estimation in tubers and shoots of Ipomoea batatas subjected to long drought stress using competitive immunological assay. Physiologia Plantarum 2020, 172, 419 -430.
AMA StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia, José F. T. Ganança, Jan J. Slaski, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Abscisic acid phytohormone estimation in tubers and shoots of Ipomoea batatas subjected to long drought stress using competitive immunological assay. Physiologia Plantarum. 2020; 172 (2):419-430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Jan J. Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2020. "Abscisic acid phytohormone estimation in tubers and shoots of Ipomoea batatas subjected to long drought stress using competitive immunological assay." Physiologia Plantarum 172, no. 2: 419-430.
Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is a substantial staple food in most of the tropical regions. Prolonged exposure to drought impairs crop production worldwide. Tolerant crops have the best capability to cope and avoid drought, through phenotypic flexibility mechanisms. The water use efficiency (WUE) is well known in taro crops, but very scarce information is available relating to their nutrient efficiency (NER) in drought conditions. Our work provided pertinent information about the physiological variation of seven taro accessions subjected to seven months of drought, by recording the differences for nutrient allocation, chlorophyll canopy, biomass loss, and stress intensity. Significant relationships between control and drought treatments on WUE (+85%), total plant biomass (TPB, -26.8%), chlorophyll content index (CCI, +1.8%), and nutrient harvest index (NHI, +0.2%) were detected. Drought led to a generalized loss of TPB as drought avoidance strategy, although distinct phenotypic flexibility was observed through the root:shoot ratio (R:S) and stress index (SI) from the corm and shoot organs. The nutrient allocation from the corms to shoots, with NER increase registered in drought conditions, can be a valuable tool to complement the TPB and WUE productivity traits, to be used in taro breeding programs.
Carla Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Humberto G. M. De Nóbrega; José G. R. De Freitas; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Phenotypic flexibility and drought avoidance in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott). Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture 2020, 150 -159.
AMA StyleCarla Gouveia, José F. T. Ganança, Humberto G. M. De Nóbrega, José G. R. De Freitas, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Phenotypic flexibility and drought avoidance in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott). Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 2020; ():150-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Humberto G. M. De Nóbrega; José G. R. De Freitas; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2020. "Phenotypic flexibility and drought avoidance in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott)." Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture , no. : 150-159.
BACKGROUND The presence of insoluble calcium oxalate druse crystals (CaOx) in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) can negatively affect its nutritional quality. Photosynthesis, starch and protein composition are linked with oxalate synthesis and tuber quality under water scarcity. Our main objective was the oxalate quantitation of sweet potato tubers and shoots and also to assess how drought changes their nutritional value. Eight sweet potato accessions from Madeira, Canaries and Guinea‐Bissau were analysed for their response to drought stress. Tubers and shoots were analysed for total (T‐Ox), soluble (S‐Ox) and insoluble (CaOx) oxalates, protein, chlorophyll content index (CCI), soluble starch, starch swelling power and starch solubility in water. RESULTS The S‐Ox and CaOx contents were higher in shoots. Six accessions were above maximum CaOx levels for raw consumption. Accessions with more favourable response to drought had decreased CaOx with S‐Ox increase content for osmoregulation. They also presented slightly decreased CCI and protein contents. Additionally, these accessions had an increased shoot starch content, for further tuber storage starch hydrolysis, and maintained the quality and functional properties of the tuber starch grain. Those with a less favourable response to drought had a higher T‐Ox and CaOx content in both organs, hindering water absorption. They also had decreased protein and CCI, with a slight increase of tuber starch hydrolysis. CONCLUSION Oxalate content was significantly related with carbohydrate metabolism, CCI and protein synthesis. This study significantly contributed to the screening of sweet potato stress response to drought, to adapt this crop to climatic change through breeding programs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Carla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL. [Lam.]) under water stress. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2019, 100, 1702 -1710.
AMA StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia, José F. T. Ganança, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL. [Lam.]) under water stress. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2019; 100 (4):1702-1710.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2019. "Changes in oxalate composition and other nutritive traits in root tubers and shoots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL. [Lam.]) under water stress." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100, no. 4: 1702-1710.
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is an important staple food in several regions of the world. Water scarcity is the most devastating abiotic stress, with a great impact on crop productivity, food security, and subsistence. Drought restricts the nutrient intake and transport into the plant. Tolerant crops have morphological mechanisms of drought avoidance and/or phenotypic flexibility, showing also good water and nutrient efficiency. However, that information is scarce for sweet potato, which is usually based on physiological traits of plant productivity. Here, we show the physiological responses of eight sweet potato accessions subjected to a 3 months’ drought period, by recording their differences for nutrient and leaf chlorophyll content, biomass and stress level. Our results showed that the differences in water use efficiency (WUE, +68.1%), chlorophyll content index (CCI, -5.3%), total plant biomass (TPB, -55.4%), nutrient efficiency (NER, +38.1%) and nutrient harvest index (NHI, +2.9%) where significantly correlated with the water regime. The water shortage led to a drought avoidance response, with TPB loss in all accessions. Distinct phenotypic flexibility responses were also recorded and explained by the root:shoot ratio (R:S) and stress index (SI) variation of the storage root and shoot growth. This information could be relevant for the development of sweet potato breeding programs, adapting this crop to climate change. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********
Carla Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Humberto G. M. De Nóbrega; José G. R. De Freitas; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro De Carvalho. Drought Avoidance and Phenotypic Flexibility of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Under Water Scarcity Conditions. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 2019, 47, 1037 -1046.
AMA StyleCarla Gouveia, José F. T. Ganança, Humberto G. M. De Nóbrega, José G. R. De Freitas, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro De Carvalho. Drought Avoidance and Phenotypic Flexibility of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Under Water Scarcity Conditions. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 2019; 47 (4):1037-1046.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Humberto G. M. De Nóbrega; José G. R. De Freitas; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro De Carvalho. 2019. "Drought Avoidance and Phenotypic Flexibility of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Under Water Scarcity Conditions." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 47, no. 4: 1037-1046.
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an important crop in the world, cultivated in temperate climates under low inputs. Drought changes the plant biomass allocation, together with the carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition (δ13C and δ15N), whose changes are faintly known in sweet potato crops. Here, we show the biomass allocation of eight sweet potato accessions submitted to drought during 3 months, using the δ13C, δ15N, carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C), total carbon (TC) and water use efficiency (WUE) traits. The tolerant accessions had improved WUE, with higher TPB and TC. Storage roots and shoots had a heavier δ13C content under drought stress, with greater 13C fixation in roots. The Δ13C did not show a significant association with WUE. The δ15N values indicated a generalised N reallocation between whole-plant organs under drought, as a physiological integrator of response to environmental stress. This information can aid the selection of traits to be used in sweet potato breeding programs, to adapt this crop to climate change.
Carla S.S. Gouveia; José F.T. Ganança; Jan Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Variation of carbon and isotope natural abundances (δ15N and δ13C) of whole-plant sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) subjected to prolonged water stress. Journal of Plant Physiology 2019, 243, 153052 .
AMA StyleCarla S.S. Gouveia, José F.T. Ganança, Jan Slaski, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Variation of carbon and isotope natural abundances (δ15N and δ13C) of whole-plant sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) subjected to prolonged water stress. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2019; 243 ():153052.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S.S. Gouveia; José F.T. Ganança; Jan Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2019. "Variation of carbon and isotope natural abundances (δ15N and δ13C) of whole-plant sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) subjected to prolonged water stress." Journal of Plant Physiology 243, no. : 153052.
Carla Gouveia. Ecology and diversity of Solanum trisectum Dunal from Madeira Island: implications for its conservation. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleCarla Gouveia. Ecology and diversity of Solanum trisectum Dunal from Madeira Island: implications for its conservation. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Gouveia. 2019. "Ecology and diversity of Solanum trisectum Dunal from Madeira Island: implications for its conservation." , no. : 1.
Carla Gouveia. Phenotyping the ideotypes of two maize landraces from Madeira archipelago using morpho-agronomic traits and zein pattern. 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleCarla Gouveia. Phenotyping the ideotypes of two maize landraces from Madeira archipelago using morpho-agronomic traits and zein pattern. . 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla Gouveia. 2019. "Phenotyping the ideotypes of two maize landraces from Madeira archipelago using morpho-agronomic traits and zein pattern." , no. : 1.
Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) is an important staple food crop in tropical and developing countries, having high water requirements. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition (δ13C and δ15N) as a physiological indicator of taro response to drought, and elucidation of the relationship between the water use efficiency (WUE) under drought conditions and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C). As an alternative to WUE determination, obtained by measuring plant growth and water loss during an entire vegetative cycle, we have used Δ13C to determine the tolerance of C3 taro plants to drought. Seven taro accessions from Madeira, Canary Islands and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (Fiji) collections were grown under greenhouse conditions and subjected to different watering regimes during a one-year cycle. Total plant biomass (TPB), WUE and δ15N were determined at the whole-plant level (WP). Corms and shoots were evaluated separately for nitrogen content (N), δ13C, Δ13C and δ15N. WUE showed positive correlation with TPB (r = 0.4) and negative with Δ13C (r = -0.3); Corm δ15N showed positive correlations with WP δ15N (r = 0.6) and corm N (r = 0.3). Accordingly, the taro plants with enhanced WUE exhibited low Δ13C and δ15N values as a physiological response to drought stress. The approach used in the present study has developed new tools that could be used in further research on taro response to environmental stresses.
Carla S.S. Gouveia; José F.T. Ganança; Jan Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Stable isotope natural abundances (δ13C and δ15N) and carbon-water relations as drought stress mechanism response of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott). Journal of Plant Physiology 2018, 232, 100 -106.
AMA StyleCarla S.S. Gouveia, José F.T. Ganança, Jan Slaski, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Stable isotope natural abundances (δ13C and δ15N) and carbon-water relations as drought stress mechanism response of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott). Journal of Plant Physiology. 2018; 232 ():100-106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S.S. Gouveia; José F.T. Ganança; Jan Slaski; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2018. "Stable isotope natural abundances (δ13C and δ15N) and carbon-water relations as drought stress mechanism response of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott)." Journal of Plant Physiology 232, no. : 100-106.
Oxalate (calcium oxalate) accumulation in taro plants (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) impacts their nutritional quality, producing acridity, causing lips, mouth and throat tissues swelling if consumed fresh. The oxalate content is related to photosynthesis, through the glycolate–glyoxylate oxidation pathway. The plant’s photosynthetic rate usually increases in non-stressed conditions. Differences in photosynthetic rate are indirectly related to the chlorophyll content index. Protein accumulation and starch variation are also important traits to understand the taro oxalate synthesis caused by drought and how they affect corm quality. The purpose of this study was to quantitate oxalates in taro corms and shoots submitted to drought conditions and to evaluate how stress response can affect the nutritional quality of taro whole-plant. Seven taro genotypes from Madeira, Canaries and Pacific Community (SPC) collections were grown in greenhouse conditions and submitted to different watering regimes for drought tolerance screening. Corms and shoots were harvested and evaluated for oxalates (soluble, insoluble and total), chlorophyll content index (CCI), crude protein, starch, starch solubility in water and starch swelling power. All accessions had very high calcium oxalate content. Drought-tolerant genotypes showed good osmotic response by oxalate precipitation and mobilization through shoot to corm tissues, photosynthesis adaptation by increase of CCI, protein accumulation, and very low starch hydrolysis. Sensitive-drought genotypes showed less mobilization of calcium oxalate, decreased photosynthetic rate and protein synthesis, and slight increase of starch hydrolysis. Variation in taro oxalate content is consistent and significantly correlated with the photosynthetic rate, carbohydrate metabolism and protein synthesis.
Carla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Quantitation of oxalates in corms and shoots of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott under drought conditions. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 2018, 40, 214 .
AMA StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia, José F. T. Ganança, Vincent Lebot, Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Quantitation of oxalates in corms and shoots of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott under drought conditions. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 2018; 40 (12):214.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia; José F. T. Ganança; Vincent Lebot; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2018. "Quantitation of oxalates in corms and shoots of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott under drought conditions." Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 40, no. 12: 214.
Blueberries have a well-deserved reputation as a potential functional food, supported by studies which have identified and quantified various nutrients and bioactive phytochemicals with known benefits for human diet and health. Wild blueberries have attracted particular attention due to the levels and concentrations of those phytonutrients. This study aims to evaluate for the first time the chemical composition of Madeira Island's endemic Vaccinium padifolium Sm wild berry. Results show that this fruit contains high values of total soluble phenolic content (around 4 g GAE kg−1 FW), as well as significant values of total monomeric anthocyanin content (around 3 g eq. cyanidin kg−1 FW) and DPPH scavenging activity (around 86.72%). Additionally, results reveal that this fruit has water content of about 88% as well as low sugar content (17.98 and 29.73 g kg−1 for glucose and fructose, respectively). Results also confirm that this wild blueberry is a good source of dietary fiber, fat and minerals. The high level of terpenoid compounds stands out in the aroma profile analysis. This study is in line with the efforts of the scientific community to identify new sources of phytonutrients that are beneficial to human health, characterizing the wild Madeira blueberry in terms of phytonutrients that suggest there may be health benefits associated with its consumption. The findings of this research are very important for both the commercial and agricultural sectors that produce this fruit, and for consumers who seek phytonutrient-rich foods.
Maria J. Carvalho; Carla S. Gouveia; Ana C. Vieira; Ana Cristina Pereira; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho; José C. Marques. Nutritional and Phytochemical Composition ofVaccinium padifoliumSm Wild Berries and Radical Scavenging Activity. Journal of Food Science 2017, 82, 2554 -2561.
AMA StyleMaria J. Carvalho, Carla S. Gouveia, Ana C. Vieira, Ana Cristina Pereira, Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho, José C. Marques. Nutritional and Phytochemical Composition ofVaccinium padifoliumSm Wild Berries and Radical Scavenging Activity. Journal of Food Science. 2017; 82 (11):2554-2561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria J. Carvalho; Carla S. Gouveia; Ana C. Vieira; Ana Cristina Pereira; Miguel Angelo A. Pinheiro de Carvalho; José C. Marques. 2017. "Nutritional and Phytochemical Composition ofVaccinium padifoliumSm Wild Berries and Radical Scavenging Activity." Journal of Food Science 82, no. 11: 2554-2561.
Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] is a root crop which is an important staple food in many regions of the world, producing 10.5 million tonnes on 1.4 million hectares a year. The crop is cultivated in wet (rain fed) or irrigated conditions, requiring on average 2,500 mm water per year, and in many countries it is cultivated in flooded plots. It is estimated that taro production could decrease by 40% as a result of the increase in drought and other severe events. In this work, thirty three accessions, including local cultivars, selected and hybrid lines were submitted to long duration drought stress and screened for tolerance. Twelve physiological, morphological and agronomic traits were measured at harvest, and subject to multivariate analysis. Stress indices, Water Use Efficiency and Factorial Analysis were useful for discriminating accessions regarding drought tolerance and yield stability, and drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars were identified. Our results confirm that different taro cultivars have different drought avoidance and tolerance strategies to cope with water scarcity. Better yield performers minimised biomass and canopy loss, while tolerance was observed in cultivars that presented low potential yield, but efficiently transferred resources to enhance corm formation. Among the 33 accessions, two local cultivars showed high yield stability and could be considered as suitable parents for breeding programs, while two others are well adapted to drought, but with overall low yield potential.
José F.T. Ganança; José G.R. Freitas; Humberto G.M. Nóbrega; Vanessa Rodrigues; Gonçalo Antunes; Carla Gouveia; Miguel Rodrigues; Hana Chaϊr; Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro De Carvalho; Vincent Lebot. Screening for Drought Tolerance in Thirty Three Taro Cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 2017, 46, 65 -74.
AMA StyleJosé F.T. Ganança, José G.R. Freitas, Humberto G.M. Nóbrega, Vanessa Rodrigues, Gonçalo Antunes, Carla Gouveia, Miguel Rodrigues, Hana Chaϊr, Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro De Carvalho, Vincent Lebot. Screening for Drought Tolerance in Thirty Three Taro Cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 2017; 46 (1):65-74.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé F.T. Ganança; José G.R. Freitas; Humberto G.M. Nóbrega; Vanessa Rodrigues; Gonçalo Antunes; Carla Gouveia; Miguel Rodrigues; Hana Chaϊr; Miguel Â.A. Pinheiro De Carvalho; Vincent Lebot. 2017. "Screening for Drought Tolerance in Thirty Three Taro Cultivars." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 46, no. 1: 65-74.
The Phaseolus vulgaris L. is one of the traditional and most important leguminous crops in the Island of Madeira. The island’s bioclimatic tiers, agro-ecological environment and traditional farming practices had a great influence on the evolution of regional bean landraces. The variability of the nutritional and mineral seeds composition of 59 accessions of the Madeiran landraces, standard and commercial varieties was evaluated. Wide ranges of variability in biochemical parameters were reported among the Madeiran landraces, being the best sources of protein and mineral nutrition, according to the statistical results and literature comparative evaluation. Specifically, the content (g per 100 g DW) of ash ranged from 3.64-5.67, lipids from 0.57-2.86, protein from 18.55-29.69, starch from 23.40-52.65, soluble sugars from 2.97-6.84, while content of dry matter was from 83.35-93.55. The seeds also contained (per 100 g DW) between 2.55-4.83 g N, 0.30-7.50 g P, 1.30-2.49 g K, 0.10-0.18 g Mg, 4.10-10.00 mg Fe, 50.0-1.40 mg Cu, 2.20-5.00 mg Zn, 0.90-3.80 μg Mn and 0.20-2.40 μg B. This variability implies that the screened germplasm could serve as a source for breeding new varieties with improved biochemical and nutritional traits or could be highly recommended to meet specific dietary requirements. The cultivar Vaginha Grossa (ISOP 713) revealed low carbohydrate content that could be a good food choice for diabetics, while cultivar Vermelho (ISOP 724) bean should be offered as a valuable alternative source of protein and minerals in the local diet.
Carla S. S. Gouveia; Gregório Freitas; José H. de Brito; Jan J. Slaski; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Nutritional and Mineral Variability in 52 Accessions of Common Bean Varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Madeira Island. Agricultural Sciences 2014, 05, 317 -329.
AMA StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia, Gregório Freitas, José H. de Brito, Jan J. Slaski, Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. Nutritional and Mineral Variability in 52 Accessions of Common Bean Varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Madeira Island. Agricultural Sciences. 2014; 05 (04):317-329.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarla S. S. Gouveia; Gregório Freitas; José H. de Brito; Jan J. Slaski; Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho. 2014. "Nutritional and Mineral Variability in 52 Accessions of Common Bean Varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Madeira Island." Agricultural Sciences 05, no. 04: 317-329.