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Alvaro Fernandez-Luna
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain

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Research article
Published: 23 October 2020 in PLOS ONE
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The aim of this study was to examine the key performance indicators of female professional soccer players during the 2011 and 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, played on different surfaces (natural and artificial turf respectively). A total of 438 women from 24 national teams who participated at Canada 2015 (artificial turf) and 283 players from 16 national teams who played in Germany 2011 (natural grass) were selected for this study. The collected data were provided by OPTA Sports. Twenty-nine key performance indicators were included for analysis. The variables were calculated for the total sample and independently by positions (defense, midfielders and forwards) for matches on natural grass (2011) and artificial turf (2015). A Mann–Whitney U test was used out to identify differences between the sport surfaces. Moreover, a discriminant analysis was performed with the forced entry method to find the variables that better differentiated between the FIFA Women's World Cup 2011 (natural grass) and FIFA Women's World Cup 2015 (artificial turf). Key performance aspects were very similar between the two tournaments, but on natural grass, we observed a significantly higher number of total passes, successful dribbles, total tackles, successful tackles and interceptions. However, on artificial turf there were significantly higher percentages of success in total passes, and a higher number of fouls. This is an important factor for the choice of an elite competition surface because technical actions are crucial to the quality of the game and can influence the future behavior of spectators and fans.

ACS Style

Jorge Garcia-Unanue; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Pablo Burillo; Leonor Gallardo; Javier Sanchez-Sanchez; Samuel Manzano-Carrasco; Jose Luis Felipe. Key performance indicators at FIFA Women's World Cup in different playing surfaces. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0241385 .

AMA Style

Jorge Garcia-Unanue, Alvaro Fernandez-Luna, Pablo Burillo, Leonor Gallardo, Javier Sanchez-Sanchez, Samuel Manzano-Carrasco, Jose Luis Felipe. Key performance indicators at FIFA Women's World Cup in different playing surfaces. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (10):e0241385.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jorge Garcia-Unanue; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Pablo Burillo; Leonor Gallardo; Javier Sanchez-Sanchez; Samuel Manzano-Carrasco; Jose Luis Felipe. 2020. "Key performance indicators at FIFA Women's World Cup in different playing surfaces." PLOS ONE 15, no. 10: e0241385.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Walkability has been associated with urban development and political plans, contributing to more connected cities with improvements in communication, shopping, and pedestrian base. Among these services, fitness centers are becoming important elements for communities due to their impact on the health and welfare of citizens. The present study aims to examine how an area’s Walk Score® affects fitness center services, specifically membership costs, opening hours, and aquatic services. Data from 193 fitness centers were retrieved, representing all the areas of the municipality of Madrid, Spain, including fitness centers in the 21 city districts. A nonlinear relationship between an area’s Walk Score® and fitness centers’ monthly fees is observed. Only in premium fitness centers, a weak curvilinear model is observed, following a quadratic equation, showing that fitness centers with higher prices are in less walkable areas. Additionally, the association between Walk Score® and a fitness center’s opening hours reveals that fitness centers with wider hours of operation tend to be in moderately to highly walkable locations. Lastly, the existence of a swimming pool is related to a lower Walk Score®. Thus, fitness centers in less walkable areas try to offer additional services as differentiation from competitors, whereas centers in walkable locations use this advantage as a strength.

ACS Style

Jairo León-Quismondo; José Bonal; Pablo Burillo; Álvaro Fernández-Luna. Walkability and Fitness Center Prices, Opening Hours, and Extra Services: The Case of Madrid, Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5622 .

AMA Style

Jairo León-Quismondo, José Bonal, Pablo Burillo, Álvaro Fernández-Luna. Walkability and Fitness Center Prices, Opening Hours, and Extra Services: The Case of Madrid, Spain. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (15):5622.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jairo León-Quismondo; José Bonal; Pablo Burillo; Álvaro Fernández-Luna. 2020. "Walkability and Fitness Center Prices, Opening Hours, and Extra Services: The Case of Madrid, Spain." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15: 5622.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The relative age effect (RAE) consists of the lower presence of members of an age group born in the months furthest from the age cut-off date established. In youth soccer, it is known that because of this effect the birth dates of more players in a team are closer to the cutoff of 1 January. These older players, due to their physical and psychological advantages, are more likely to be identified as talent. This study aimed to examine whether RAE can be identified in professional players of the top five European soccer leagues (Spain, Italy, England, Germany, and France) and to assess its influence on the perceived market value of the players. Market value data for 2577 players were obtained from the Transfermarkt database. A significant RAE was produced in all leagues (p < 0.05). However, this bias did not affect the market value of the professional elite soccer players examined here. Our observations indicate that, while the identification and promotion of talent at young ages are often biased by RAE, once players have reached the professional stage, the market value assigned to them is based more on factors other than their date of birth.

ACS Style

Benito Perez-Gonzalez; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Daniel Castillo; Pablo Burillo. Are European Soccer Players Worth More If They Are Born Early in the Year? Relative Age Effect on Player Market Value. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3301 .

AMA Style

Benito Perez-Gonzalez, Alvaro Fernandez-Luna, Daniel Castillo, Pablo Burillo. Are European Soccer Players Worth More If They Are Born Early in the Year? Relative Age Effect on Player Market Value. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (9):3301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benito Perez-Gonzalez; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Daniel Castillo; Pablo Burillo. 2020. "Are European Soccer Players Worth More If They Are Born Early in the Year? Relative Age Effect on Player Market Value." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3301.

Journal article
Published: 03 May 2020 in Sustainability
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The aim of this paper is to analyse different interactions of the variables (age, position, or quality of the team and the league) and the crowdsourcing Transfermarkt values of male players in the top European leagues. All players (n = 2259) in the five most highly valued European leagues—Spain, England, Italy, France, and Germany—from the 2017/2018 season were included in this study. Data were retrieved from the open-source football database (Transfermarkt). The present economic value (VPRESENT) and maximum economic value (VMAX) of all players with professional contracts were registered. Regression analysis evidenced a significant influence of the level of the team, the birth month, the league, the playing position and the age of the player on mean and maximum economic value (p < 0.05). This analysis confirms that the players participating in the UEFA Champions League, Premier League teams, playing as attacking midfielders, and born in the first quarter of the year are the most economically valued in terms of both current value (R2 of 0.33) and maximal value (R2 of 0.36). Therefore, international football entities must take into account the financial balance between competitions—and not only at the domestic level, as the attractiveness and balance of European competitions may be directly affected.

ACS Style

Jose Luis Felipe; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Pablo Burillo; Luis Eduardo De La Riva; Javier Sanchez-Sanchez; Jorge Garcia-Unanue. Money Talks: Team Variables and Player Positions that Most Influence the Market Value of Professional Male Footballers in Europe. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3709 .

AMA Style

Jose Luis Felipe, Alvaro Fernandez-Luna, Pablo Burillo, Luis Eduardo De La Riva, Javier Sanchez-Sanchez, Jorge Garcia-Unanue. Money Talks: Team Variables and Player Positions that Most Influence the Market Value of Professional Male Footballers in Europe. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3709.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Luis Felipe; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Pablo Burillo; Luis Eduardo De La Riva; Javier Sanchez-Sanchez; Jorge Garcia-Unanue. 2020. "Money Talks: Team Variables and Player Positions that Most Influence the Market Value of Professional Male Footballers in Europe." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3709.

Articles
Published: 22 October 2019 in Health Care for Women International
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Physical inactivity and poor diet cause alterations in body composition, which in turn increases risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Sixty-three women from different work environments were randomly assigned to an intervention (n = 34) or control (n = 29) group. The intervention was a short-term aerobic exercise program (12 weeks) at their workplace. Participants assigned to the control group did not perform any form of physical exercise. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Questionnaire (KIDMED) and nutrient balance by the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Researchers suggest that a short-term aerobic exercise program produces beneficial effects on body composition.

ACS Style

Tamara Iturriaga; Olga Barcelo; Ignacio Diez-Vega; Jorge Cordero; Susana Pulgar; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Margarita Perez-Ruiz. Effects of a short workplace exercise program on body composition in women: A randomized controlled trial. Health Care for Women International 2019, 41, 133 -146.

AMA Style

Tamara Iturriaga, Olga Barcelo, Ignacio Diez-Vega, Jorge Cordero, Susana Pulgar, Alvaro Fernandez-Luna, Margarita Perez-Ruiz. Effects of a short workplace exercise program on body composition in women: A randomized controlled trial. Health Care for Women International. 2019; 41 (2):133-146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tamara Iturriaga; Olga Barcelo; Ignacio Diez-Vega; Jorge Cordero; Susana Pulgar; Alvaro Fernandez-Luna; Margarita Perez-Ruiz. 2019. "Effects of a short workplace exercise program on body composition in women: A randomized controlled trial." Health Care for Women International 41, no. 2: 133-146.