The incidence of natural disasters has an impact on various sectors of life, including the education sector. Schools as educational facilities are considered vulnerable areas that need handling steps to reduce disaster risk. As one of the most vulnerable countries to natural disasters, Indonesia already has several policies and programs from the government to address these problems. However, several studies have shown that the implementation did not go according to plan. These studies also reveal that this implementation lies in the local context in which the program or policy is implemented. That is why the study aims to examine the school disaster preparedness implementation in the Mount Sinabung area as one of the disaster-prone areas in Indonesia. This research utilizes the Interpretative Structural Modeling approach to build a hierarchy and classification of obstacles in implementing school disaster preparedness around that area. Data are collected through a combination of observation, interview, and survey techniques in 2017 and 2018 that involved a total of 35 participants. The result showed 14 sub-elements identified as limiting factors of school preparedness implementation in the Mount Sinabung area. Three elements serve as the first level (or the basis/key element) of the obstacles hierarchy: Integration of subject, school policy, and school curriculum. Intervention at the base level will trigger changes and give impact the other upper-four levels of elements. This hierarchy and classification are relevant to the context of the Mount Sinabung eruption and cannot be applied in other areas. This research did not measure the numeric data per sub-element in disaster preparedness. Therefore, the limitations of this study can be directions for future research to examine the implementation in another area by using numeric data. The results of this study also provide major recommendations to several stakeholders. The existing policies regarding school disaster preparedness and their implementation need to be reviewed to improve the result.

The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of implementing disaster mitigation education in schools during the new normal era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The method in this research used descriptive research design using a survey study approach. The research instrument used was a knowledge test with the number of questions as many as 15 items. The sample used was senior high school students who were randomly selected. The level of good and lack of knowledge is determined based on the average total score. A good level of knowledge has a condition> 111.76, while a level of knowledge that lacks a condition <111.76. The results of this study are that the majority of respondents have a total score that is less with a mean score of 101.94, while respondents who have a good number of scores have an average score of 127. Overall respondents have an average of 111.76. Then conducted an Independent Sample t-test with the result that there are differences in the number of good disaster mitigation knowledge scores on respondents with the number of disaster mitigation knowledge scores that are less on respondents with a p-value of 0,000 with a degree of freedom is 95%. The implementation of disaster education in the new normal era is important to continue to prevent transmission of COVID-19. The conclusion of this study is the score of students' knowledge about disaster needs to be improved in the new normal era. Keywords: Disaster Mitigation Education, Disaster Mitigation Knowledge, COVID-19

Strategy for Overcoming Population Growth Problems in Japan

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran kartu domino terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif melalui pendekatan kuasi eksperimen yang pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling pada materi litosfer di SMAN 3 Tangerang. Pertimbangan pengambilan sampel didasarkan pada nilai rata-rata PAS dan jumlah siswa yang sama. Adapun sampel yang dipilih yaitu kelas X.2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X.5 sebagai kelas kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes, angket dan dokumetasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan media kartu domino memberikan pengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar pada materi litosfer. Terjadi peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi yaitu sebesar 54% dibandingkan kelas kontrol yaitu sebesar 45%. Berdasarkan hasil Uji Independent Sample T-Test diperoleh nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,04 < 0,05, yang berarti H₀ ditolak dan H_a diterima. Artinya terdapat pengaruh media pembelajaran kartu domino terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada materi litosfer di SMAN 3 Tangerang. Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran, Kartu Domino, Hasil Belajar Kognitif

After hundreds of years experiencing a dormant period, Mount Sinabung erupted again in August 2010 to the last recorded in June 2018. Within eight years, significant land cover changes were seen in the area around Mount Sinabung. This study aims to analyse changes in affected areas using satellite imagery. The spatial analysis method is used to determine changes in various land cover. High-resolution images before the 2010 eruption and the latest recording images of 2019 are used as analytical material. The analysis shows that the affected area is in east-southeast and south-southeast directions of the peak of Mount Sinabung. In the east-southeast direction, the eruption material reaches 3.5 km and 4 km in the south-southeast with an area more than eleven thousand hectares. Some villages such as Bekerah, Simacem, and Suka Meriah have even been lost covered by material from the eruption of Mount Sinabung. The area is generally covered by pyroclastic materials in the form of ash, sand, lapilli, and bombs. Most of the areas affected by the eruption are plantation areas, then forest areas and settlements areas. The conclusion are Sinabung eruption in recent years has had a very significant impact on various aspects, one of which is land cover.