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Frequent toxic cyanoblooms in eutrophic freshwaters produce various cyanotoxins such as the monocyclic heptapeptides microcystins (MCs), known as deleterious compounds to plant growth and human health. Recently, MCs are a recurrent worldwide sanitary problem in irrigation waters and farmland soils due to their transfer and accumulation in the edible tissues of vegetable produce. In such cases, studies about the persistence and removal of MCs in soil are scarce and not fully investigated. In this study, we carried out a greenhouse trial on two crop species: faba bean (Vicia faba var. Alfia 321) and common wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Achtar) that were grown in sterile (microorganism-free soil) and non-sterile (microorganism-rich soil) soils and subjected to MC-induced stress at 100 µg equivalent MC-LR L−1. The experimentation aimed to assess the prominent role of native rhizospheric microbiota in mitigating the phytotoxic impact of MCs on plant growth and reducing their accumulation in both soils and plant tissues. Moreover, we attempted to evaluate the health risk related to the consumption of MC-polluted plants for humans and cattle by determining the estimated daily intake (EDI) and health risk quotient (RQ) of MCs in these plants. Biodegradation was liable to be the main removal pathway of the toxin in the soil; and therefore, bulk soil (unplanted soil), as well as rhizospheric soil (planted soil), were used in this experiment to evaluate the accumulation of MCs in the presence and absence of microorganisms (sterile and non-sterile soils). The data obtained in this study showed that MCs had no significant effects on growth indicators of faba bean and common wheat plants in non-sterile soil as compared to the control group. In contrast, plants grown in sterile soil showed a significant decrease in growth parameters as compared to the control. These results suggest that MCs were highly bioavailable to the plants, resulting in severe growth impairments in the absence of native rhizospheric microbiota. Likewise, MCs were more accumulated in sterile soil and more bioconcentrated in root and shoot tissues of plants grown within when compared to non-sterile soil. Thereby, the EDI of MCs in plants grown in sterile soil was more beyond the tolerable daily intake recommended for both humans and cattle. The risk level was more pronounced in plants from the sterile soil than those from the non-sterile one. These findings suggest that microbial activity, eventually MC-biodegradation, is a crucial bioremediation tool to remove and prevent MCs from entering the agricultural food chain.
El Mahdi Redouane; Richard Mugani; Majida Lahrouni; José Carlos Martins; Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi; Khalid Oufdou; Alexandre Campos; Vitor Vasconcelos; Brahim Oudra. Role of Rhizospheric Microbiota as a Bioremediation Tool for the Protection of Soil-Plant Systems from Microcystins Phytotoxicity and Mitigating Toxin-Related Health Risk. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1747 .
AMA StyleEl Mahdi Redouane, Richard Mugani, Majida Lahrouni, José Carlos Martins, Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi, Khalid Oufdou, Alexandre Campos, Vitor Vasconcelos, Brahim Oudra. Role of Rhizospheric Microbiota as a Bioremediation Tool for the Protection of Soil-Plant Systems from Microcystins Phytotoxicity and Mitigating Toxin-Related Health Risk. Microorganisms. 2021; 9 (8):1747.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEl Mahdi Redouane; Richard Mugani; Majida Lahrouni; José Carlos Martins; Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi; Khalid Oufdou; Alexandre Campos; Vitor Vasconcelos; Brahim Oudra. 2021. "Role of Rhizospheric Microbiota as a Bioremediation Tool for the Protection of Soil-Plant Systems from Microcystins Phytotoxicity and Mitigating Toxin-Related Health Risk." Microorganisms 9, no. 8: 1747.
Cyanobacteria blooms occur frequently in freshwaters around the world. Some can produce and release toxic compounds called cyanotoxins, which represent a danger to both the environment and human health. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most toxic variant reported all over the world. Conventional water treatment methods are expensive and require specialized personnel and equipment. Recently, a multi-soil-layering (MSL) system, a natural and low-cost technology, has been introduced as an attractive cost-effective, and environmentally friendly technology that is likely to be an alternative to conventional wastewater treatment methods. This study aims to evaluate, for the first time, the efficiency of MSL eco-technology to remove MC-LR on a laboratory scale using local materials. To this end, an MSL pilot plant was designed to treat distilled water contaminated with MC-LR. The pilot was composed of an alternation of permeable layers (pozzolan) and soil mixture layers (local sandy soil, sawdust, charcoal, and metallic iron on a dry weight ratio of 70, 10, 10, and 10%, respectively) arranged in a brick-layer-like pattern. MSL pilot was continuously fed with synthetic water containing distilled water contaminated with increasing concentrations of MC-LR (0.18–10 µg/L) at a hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 200 L m−2 day−1. The early results showed MC-LR removal of above 99%. Based on these preliminary results, the multi-soil-layering eco-technology could be considered as a promising solution to treat water contaminated by MC-LR in order to produce quality water for irrigation or recreational activities.
Roseline Aba; Richard Mugani; Abdessamad Hejjaj; Nelly Brugerolle de Fraissinette; Brahim Oudra; Naaila Ouazzani; Alexandre Campos; Vitor Vasconcelos; Pedro Carvalho; Laila Mandi. First Report on Cyanotoxin (MC-LR) Removal from Surface Water by Multi-Soil-Layering (MSL) Eco-Technology: Preliminary Results. Water 2021, 13, 1403 .
AMA StyleRoseline Aba, Richard Mugani, Abdessamad Hejjaj, Nelly Brugerolle de Fraissinette, Brahim Oudra, Naaila Ouazzani, Alexandre Campos, Vitor Vasconcelos, Pedro Carvalho, Laila Mandi. First Report on Cyanotoxin (MC-LR) Removal from Surface Water by Multi-Soil-Layering (MSL) Eco-Technology: Preliminary Results. Water. 2021; 13 (10):1403.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoseline Aba; Richard Mugani; Abdessamad Hejjaj; Nelly Brugerolle de Fraissinette; Brahim Oudra; Naaila Ouazzani; Alexandre Campos; Vitor Vasconcelos; Pedro Carvalho; Laila Mandi. 2021. "First Report on Cyanotoxin (MC-LR) Removal from Surface Water by Multi-Soil-Layering (MSL) Eco-Technology: Preliminary Results." Water 13, no. 10: 1403.
The application of natural compounds extracted from seaweeds is a promising eco-friendly alternative solution for harmful algae control in aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the anti-cyanobacterial activity of three Moroccan marine macroalgae essential oils (EOs) was tested and evaluated on unicellular Microcystis aeruginosa cyanobacterium. Additionally, the possible anti-cyanobacterial response mechanisms were investigated by analyzing the antioxidant enzyme activities of M. aeruginosa cells. The results of EOs GC–MS analyses revealed a complex chemical composition, allowing the identification of 91 constituents. Palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid were the most predominant compounds in Cystoseira tamariscifolia, Sargassum muticum, and Ulva lactuca EOs, respectively. The highest anti-cyanobacterial activity was recorded for Cystoseira tamariscifolia EO (ZI = 46.33 mm, MIC = 7.81 μg mL−1, and MBC = 15.62 μg mL−1). The growth, chlorophyll-a and protein content of the tested cyanobacteria were significantly reduced by C. tamariscifolia EO at both used concentrations (inhibition rate >67% during the 6 days test period in liquid media). Furthermore, oxidative stress caused by C. tamariscifolia EO on cyanobacterium cells showed an increase of the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly elevated after 2 days of exposure. Overall, these experimental findings can open a promising new natural pathway based on the use of seaweed essential oils to the fight against potent toxic harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs).
Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi; Fatima El Khalloufi; Richard Mugani; Redouane El Mahdi; Ayoub Kasrati; Bouchra Soulaimani; Lillian Barros; Isabel Ferreira; Joana Amaral; Tiane Finimundy; Abdelaziz Abbad; Brahim Oudra; Alexandre Campos; Vitor Vasconcelos. Seaweed Essential Oils as a New Source of Bioactive Compounds for Cyanobacteria Growth Control: Innovative Ecological Biocontrol Approach. Toxins 2020, 12, 527 .
AMA StyleSoukaina El Amrani Zerrifi, Fatima El Khalloufi, Richard Mugani, Redouane El Mahdi, Ayoub Kasrati, Bouchra Soulaimani, Lillian Barros, Isabel Ferreira, Joana Amaral, Tiane Finimundy, Abdelaziz Abbad, Brahim Oudra, Alexandre Campos, Vitor Vasconcelos. Seaweed Essential Oils as a New Source of Bioactive Compounds for Cyanobacteria Growth Control: Innovative Ecological Biocontrol Approach. Toxins. 2020; 12 (8):527.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoukaina El Amrani Zerrifi; Fatima El Khalloufi; Richard Mugani; Redouane El Mahdi; Ayoub Kasrati; Bouchra Soulaimani; Lillian Barros; Isabel Ferreira; Joana Amaral; Tiane Finimundy; Abdelaziz Abbad; Brahim Oudra; Alexandre Campos; Vitor Vasconcelos. 2020. "Seaweed Essential Oils as a New Source of Bioactive Compounds for Cyanobacteria Growth Control: Innovative Ecological Biocontrol Approach." Toxins 12, no. 8: 527.
In recent decades, harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) have become a severe hazard for human health mainly in drinking water resources and are responsible for serious ecological disturbances in freshwater ecosystems. The present study aims to explore the potential of actinobacteria isolated from sediment samples collected from Moroccan salt river to control HCBs mainly through Microcystis aeruginosa lysis. In order to investigate the possible anti-cyanobacterial response mechanisms, the antioxidant enzyme activities of M. aeruginosa cells were analysed. Anti-cyanobacterial activity was tested using the agar cylinder method against the toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. Amongst the twenty-three isolates tested, only one showed promising anti-cyanobacterial activities with inhibition zone (ZI) equal to 22.00 mm, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) equal to 19.53 mg/L and minimum bactericidal concentration MBC equal to 39.06 mg/L. Phylogenetic analysis of the near-complete 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the strain DS1R1 belongs to the genus Streptomyces and has the highest similarity (100%) to Streptomyces sp. Indeed, M. aeruginosa growth, chlorophyll-a and protein content were significantly reduced by Streptomyces sp. DS1R1 extract. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly elevated after treatment with Streptomyces sp. DS1R1 extract. These experimental findings provided insights in the development of a new eco-friendly procedure based on the use of actinobacteria for toxic cyanobacterial bloom bio-control.
Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi; El Mahdi Redouane; Richard Mugani; Inês Ribeiro; M. Fátima Carvalho; Alexandre Campos; Mustapha Barakate; Vitor Vasconcelos; Brahim Oudra; Fatima El Khalloufi. Moroccan actinobacteria with promising activity against toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 235 -245.
AMA StyleSoukaina El Amrani Zerrifi, El Mahdi Redouane, Richard Mugani, Inês Ribeiro, M. Fátima Carvalho, Alexandre Campos, Mustapha Barakate, Vitor Vasconcelos, Brahim Oudra, Fatima El Khalloufi. Moroccan actinobacteria with promising activity against toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (1):235-245.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoukaina El Amrani Zerrifi; El Mahdi Redouane; Richard Mugani; Inês Ribeiro; M. Fátima Carvalho; Alexandre Campos; Mustapha Barakate; Vitor Vasconcelos; Brahim Oudra; Fatima El Khalloufi. 2020. "Moroccan actinobacteria with promising activity against toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 1: 235-245.