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Dr. Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak
Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, National Research Institute, 61 Podleśna St, Warsaw 01-673, Poland

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0 Water Quality
0 eutrophication
0 Catchment modeling
0 Nutrients contamination
0 Climate change impact on water quality

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eutrophication
Water Quality
Catchment modeling
NVZs
Sediment loads

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Article
Published: 20 July 2021
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Transport of sediment particles from the source of their origin to a deposition area is of utmost importance, especially in catchments very prone to erosion. Especially, since future climate changes are predicted to enhance severity of the sediment transport issues, particularly in catchments with dammed reservoirs, which capacity and water quality can be extremely altered. In the current study we tracked, with a monthly step, two mineral and one mineral/organic sediment fraction delivered from the Carpathian Mts. catchment (Raba River) to the drinking water reservoir (Dobczyce). This was possible by combining SWAT and AdH/PTM models on the digital platform - Macromodel DNS. Moreover, we have applied a variant scenario analysis including RCP 4.5 and 8.5, and land use change forecasts. The results highlighted the differences between the two analyzed hydrological units and showed large variability of the sediment load between months. The predicted climate changes will cause a significant increase of mineral fraction loads (silt and clay) during months with high flows. Due to the location and natural arrangement of the reservoir, silt particles will mainly affect faster loss of the first two reservoir zones capacities, which is consistent with their intended use as traps for larger fractions. The increased mobility of the finer particles (clay) in the reservoir may be more problematic in the future. Mainly due to their binding pollutant properties, and the possible negative impact on drinking water abstraction from the last reservoir zone.

ACS Style

Paweł WilkiD; Monika SzlapaiD; Paweł Stanisław Hachaj; Paulina Orlińska-WoźniakiD; Ewa Jakusik; Ewa SzalińskaiD. From the source to the reservoir and beyond - tracking sediment particles with modeling tools under climate change predictions (Carpathian Mts.). 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Paweł WilkiD, Monika SzlapaiD, Paweł Stanisław Hachaj, Paulina Orlińska-WoźniakiD, Ewa Jakusik, Ewa SzalińskaiD. From the source to the reservoir and beyond - tracking sediment particles with modeling tools under climate change predictions (Carpathian Mts.). . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł WilkiD; Monika SzlapaiD; Paweł Stanisław Hachaj; Paulina Orlińska-WoźniakiD; Ewa Jakusik; Ewa SzalińskaiD. 2021. "From the source to the reservoir and beyond - tracking sediment particles with modeling tools under climate change predictions (Carpathian Mts.)." , no. : 1.

Data article
Published: 23 November 2020 in Data in Brief
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A database has been created as a result of the Raba River basin (Carpathian Mts., Poland) mapping/projection in the Macromodel DNS/SWAT. The sediment yield simulations (SYLD) in each of the 36 designated sub-basins have been performed, taking also into account seasonal variability. The model subsequently has been used as a reference/baseline for subsequent variant scenarios, simulating forecasted changes in the environment. The generated data ultimately allowed for creation of the current dataset. The impact of 20 variant scenarios, simulating forecasted climate and land use changes, on the sediment yield values was analyzed. The applied scenarios took into account various possibilities, from hypothetical ones, where only one parameter has been changed, to combined ones, which included simultaneous change of selected parameters. Short-term (2021-2050) and long-term (2071-2100) time horizons have also been included in this analysis. Sediment yield values ​​and their variability, depending on the season, can be successfully used as reference values ​​for the other mountain and sub-mountainous catchments, both in the Carpathian Mts., and throughout central Europe. Due to the permanent lack of monitoring data on the sediment yields, not only in Poland, the presented database is a valuable source of information. Moreover, spatial and temporal predictions of sediment yield changes are necessary to decide on actions which should be taken to reduce impact of climate changes at the basin scale. This data can be also used as a basis for further research related to the transport of pollutants adsorbed on sediment particles.

ACS Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Ewa Szalińska; Paweł Wilk. A macromodel dns/swat dataset for the sediment yield analysis in the raba river basin (Carpathian mts.). Data in Brief 2020, 33, 106574 .

AMA Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Ewa Szalińska, Paweł Wilk. A macromodel dns/swat dataset for the sediment yield analysis in the raba river basin (Carpathian mts.). Data in Brief. 2020; 33 ():106574.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Ewa Szalińska; Paweł Wilk. 2020. "A macromodel dns/swat dataset for the sediment yield analysis in the raba river basin (Carpathian mts.)." Data in Brief 33, no. : 106574.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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Soil runoff and sediment transport are considered as an important vector for particle-bound contaminant transfer from source to receiving waters. Under changing climate conditions and rapid basin development, identification of sediment origins is critical for planning further action to reduce erosion effects, and further pollution to surface waters. The goal of this study was to distinguish sediment sources in a Carpathian basin (Wolnica River, southern Poland) and to perform source-oriented contaminant load estimations. Sediment yields (SYLD) and land use specific sediment yields (LUSY) were modeled with the use of the Macromodel DNS/SWAT (Discharge-Nutrients-Sea/Soil and Water Assessment Tool). Sorting of sediment sources was performed by the fingerprinting method using variability of the geochemical composition of soils (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Fe, Hg, total N and P, ⅀16 PAHs, and 137Cs) of four land use (LU) types: arable lands (A), grasslands (G), residential areas (R), and forests (F). Statistical analysis revealed six metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Hg) as fingerprint properties providing the best source discrimination in this basin. The contribution of particular land use origin assessed with the use of the mixing model varied in the range of 20-30%. Finally, estimation of land use specific contaminant loads in suspended sediments was performed as a result of a modeling and sediment fingerprinting combination. The final estimates revealed yearly LUSY values varying between 716 t/y for A, 12 t/y for F, and metal loads from 31 kg/y for Zn to values below 100 g/y for Cd and Hg. Long-term predictions (2046-2055) of the metal loads revealed an increase by 75% under the combined RCP 8.5 climate change and land use scenarios. These findings are of great value for land management in the Carpathian basins, especially with regards to the predicted increase of forest cover which significantly alters contaminant signals conveyed through the system.

ACS Style

Ewa Szalińska; Gabriela Zemełka; Małgorzata Kryłów; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Ewa Jakusik; Paweł Wilk. Climate change impacts on contaminant loads delivered with sediment yields from different land use types in a Carpathian basin. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 755, 142898 .

AMA Style

Ewa Szalińska, Gabriela Zemełka, Małgorzata Kryłów, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Ewa Jakusik, Paweł Wilk. Climate change impacts on contaminant loads delivered with sediment yields from different land use types in a Carpathian basin. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 755 ():142898.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ewa Szalińska; Gabriela Zemełka; Małgorzata Kryłów; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Ewa Jakusik; Paweł Wilk. 2020. "Climate change impacts on contaminant loads delivered with sediment yields from different land use types in a Carpathian basin." Science of The Total Environment 755, no. : 142898.

Journal article
Published: 23 May 2020 in Water
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The issue of whether land use changes will balance out sediment yields induced by climate predictions was assessed for a Carpathian basin (Raba River, Poland). This discussion was based on the Macromodel DNS (Discharge–Nutrient–Sea)/SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) results for the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios and LU predictions. To track sediment yield responses on the sub-basin level the studied area was divided into 36 units. The response of individual sub-basins to climate scenarios created a mosaic of negative and positive sediment yield changes in comparison to the baseline scenario. Then, overlapped forest and agricultural areas change indicated those sub-basins where sediment yields could be balanced out or not. The model revealed that sediment yields could be altered even by 49% in the selected upper sub-basins during the spring-summer months, while for the lower sub-basins the predicted changes will be less effective (3% on average). Moreover, the winter period, which needs to be re-defined due to an exceptional occurrence of frost and snow cover protecting soils against erosion, will significantly alter the soil particle transfer among the seasons. Finally, it has been shown that modeling of sediment transport, based on averaged meteorological values and LU changes, can lead to significant errors.

ACS Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Ewa Szalińska; Paweł Wilk. Do Land Use Changes Balance out Sediment Yields under Climate Change Predictions on the Sub-Basin Scale? The Carpathian Basin as an Example. Water 2020, 12, 1499 .

AMA Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Ewa Szalińska, Paweł Wilk. Do Land Use Changes Balance out Sediment Yields under Climate Change Predictions on the Sub-Basin Scale? The Carpathian Basin as an Example. Water. 2020; 12 (5):1499.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Ewa Szalińska; Paweł Wilk. 2020. "Do Land Use Changes Balance out Sediment Yields under Climate Change Predictions on the Sub-Basin Scale? The Carpathian Basin as an Example." Water 12, no. 5: 1499.

Journal article
Published: 22 May 2020 in Agricultural Systems
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Agriculture, despite numerous efforts, still remains the key pressure on the aquatic environment causing an over excessive enrichment with nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. Therefore, an essential part of contemporary research and management endeavours to identify areas at risk. Presented here is a method of delimitation of such zones susceptible to nutrient pollution from agricultural activities. The starting point for its development, and subsequent construction, was the problem of Nitrate Vulnerable Zones of agricultural origin (NVZ), which still, as of yet, has not been resolved within the European Union. Surface component of NVZ (s-NVZ) areas have served as an example of a method application in a pilot catchment of the Warta River, which is one of the largest river catchments in Poland. The proposed method employs a mathematical algorithm using catchment modeling. The methods rely on a multi-stage delimitation procedure, which allows for precise delineation of only those areas within the catchment, which actually contribute to the analyzed problem (nutrient pollution and eutrophication). The method enables the user to benefit from a very extensive database, which can be modified in almost any way, depending on the current needs and local circumstances. It is also possible to expand this tools possibilities, connecting and coupling the used Macromodel with other modules or models. The proposed method can also be applied by countries that have recognized their whole territory as an NVZ area to designate areas particularly exposed to pollution (i.e. hot-spots). The proposed method applied for the pilot catchment resulted in an indication of 14 s-NVZs, occupying over 6800 km2 in total (13% of the catchment area). The indicated areas have been confirmed to have the largest share of agricultural pollution discharge into surface waters.

ACS Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk; Ewa Szalińska. Delimitation of nutrient vulnerable zones - a comprehensive method to manage a persistent problem of agriculture. Agricultural Systems 2020, 183, 102858 .

AMA Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Paweł Wilk, Ewa Szalińska. Delimitation of nutrient vulnerable zones - a comprehensive method to manage a persistent problem of agriculture. Agricultural Systems. 2020; 183 ():102858.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk; Ewa Szalińska. 2020. "Delimitation of nutrient vulnerable zones - a comprehensive method to manage a persistent problem of agriculture." Agricultural Systems 183, no. : 102858.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2020 in Journal of Soils and Sediments
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Purpose This study analyzes the variability of sediment loads under variant climate change and land use scenarios in a Carpathian catchment with a dam reservoir. The areas with the highest share of sediment loads are tracked to establish possible indications for future catchment management plans. Materials and methods Analyses were performed for the Raba River catchment (Poland, Carpathian Mountains) with use of the Macromodel DNS/SWAT. The RCP 4.5 climate forecast predictions (2021–2050 and 2071–2100), downscaled for the area of Poland, and land use predictions from the DYNA-Clue model for the Carpathian area, were taken into consideration. A total of seven scenarios were created, accounting for precipitation (P1 and P2), temperature (T1 and T2), land use (LU) changes, and combined effects (COMB1 and COMB2). Results and discussion The average load delivered to the dam reservoir was estimated as 2.43 Gg y−1, and its seasonal/yearly variability was followed by local meteorological phenomena. Among the tested factors, precipitation change, in terms of total amount and intensity, exerted the most impact on sediment loads causing their increase. Temperature and land use changes resulted in a slight decrease. Combined scenarios implied that changes of the catchment area use, such as increase of forest cover, can noticeably reduce sediment loads delivered into a dam reservoir. Conclusions The performed simulations revealed the importance of incorporating variant scenarios for catchment management plans, development of land use mitigation measures (erosion), and operational procedures for the dam reservoir. Particular attention should be paid to warmer winters with heavy rainfalls and temperatures above zero, which together with a lack of plant vegetation result in elevated annual sediment loads reaching the dam reservoir. Further changes must be mitigated by anti-erosion investments.

ACS Style

Ewa Szalińska; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk. Sediment load variability in response to climate and land use changes in a Carpathian catchment (Raba River, Poland). Journal of Soils and Sediments 2020, 20, 2641 -2652.

AMA Style

Ewa Szalińska, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Paweł Wilk. Sediment load variability in response to climate and land use changes in a Carpathian catchment (Raba River, Poland). Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2020; 20 (6):2641-2652.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ewa Szalińska; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk. 2020. "Sediment load variability in response to climate and land use changes in a Carpathian catchment (Raba River, Poland)." Journal of Soils and Sediments 20, no. 6: 2641-2652.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment
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ACS Style

Paweł WILK; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak. USE OF THE MACROMODEL DNS/SWAT TO CALCULATE THE NATURAL BACKGROUND OF TN AND TP IN SURFACE WATERS FOR THE RAC PARAMETER. Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 2019, 12, 171 -179.

AMA Style

Paweł WILK, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak. USE OF THE MACROMODEL DNS/SWAT TO CALCULATE THE NATURAL BACKGROUND OF TN AND TP IN SURFACE WATERS FOR THE RAC PARAMETER. Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment. 2019; 12 (1):171-179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł WILK; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak. 2019. "USE OF THE MACROMODEL DNS/SWAT TO CALCULATE THE NATURAL BACKGROUND OF TN AND TP IN SURFACE WATERS FOR THE RAC PARAMETER." Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 12, no. 1: 171-179.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2018 in Sustainability
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Despite concerted efforts through the European territory, the problems of nitrogen pollution released from agricultural sources have not been resolved yet. Therefore, infringement cases are still open against a few Member States, including Poland, based on fulfilment problems of commitments regarding the Nitrate Directive. As a result of the litigation process, Poland has completely changed its approach to nitrate vulnerable zones. Instead of just selected areas, the measured actions will be implemented throughout the whole Polish territory. Additionally, further restrictions concerning the fertilizer use calendar will be introduced in areas indicated as extremely cold or hot, based on the average temperature distribution (poles of cold, and heat). Such a change will be of key importance to farmers, whose protests are already audible throughout the country, and can be expected to intensify. To assess the impact of the introduced modifications a modelling approach has been adopted. The use of the Macromodel DNS/SWAT allowed for the development of baseline and variant scenarios incorporating details of stipulated changes in the fertilizer use for a pilot catchment (Słupia River). The results clearly indicate that the new restriction will have a substantial effect on the aquatic environment by altering the amount of released total nitrogen.

ACS Style

Ewa Szalińska; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk. Nitrate Vulnerable Zones Revision in Poland—Assessment of Environmental Impact and Land Use Conflicts. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3297 .

AMA Style

Ewa Szalińska, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Paweł Wilk. Nitrate Vulnerable Zones Revision in Poland—Assessment of Environmental Impact and Land Use Conflicts. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (9):3297.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ewa Szalińska; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk. 2018. "Nitrate Vulnerable Zones Revision in Poland—Assessment of Environmental Impact and Land Use Conflicts." Sustainability 10, no. 9: 3297.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2018 in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
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In order to complete a thorough and systematic assessment of water quality, it is useful to measure the absorption capacity of a river. Absorption capacity is understood as a pollution load introduced into river water that will not cause permanent and irreversible changes in the aquatic ecosystem and will not cause a change in the classification of water quality in the river profile. In order to implement the method, the Macromodel DNS/SWAT basin for the Middle Warta pilot (central Poland) was used to simulate nutrient loads. This enabled detailed analysis of water quality in each water body and the assessment of the size of the absorption capacity parameter, which allows the determination of how much pollution can be added to the river without compromising its quality class. Positive values of the calculated absorption capacity parameter mean that it is assumed that the ecosystem is adjusted in such a way that it can eliminate pollution loads through a number of self-purification processes. Negative values indicate that the load limit has been exceeded, and too much pollution has been introduced into the ecosystem for it to be able to deal with through the processes of self-purification. Absorption capacity thus enables the connection of environmental standards of water quality and water quality management plans in order to meet these standards.

ACS Style

Paweł Wilk; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Joanna Gębala. The river absorption capacity determination as a tool to evaluate state of surface water. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 2018, 22, 1033 -1050.

AMA Style

Paweł Wilk, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Joanna Gębala. The river absorption capacity determination as a tool to evaluate state of surface water. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 2018; 22 (2):1033-1050.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Wilk; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Joanna Gębala. 2018. "The river absorption capacity determination as a tool to evaluate state of surface water." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 2: 1033-1050.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Environment Protection Engineering
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ACS Style

Paweł Wilk; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Joanna Gębala. Mathematical description of a river absorption capacity on the example of the middle Warta catchment. Environment Protection Engineering 2018, 44, 1 .

AMA Style

Paweł Wilk, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Joanna Gębala. Mathematical description of a river absorption capacity on the example of the middle Warta catchment. Environment Protection Engineering. 2018; 44 (4):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Wilk; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Joanna Gębala. 2018. "Mathematical description of a river absorption capacity on the example of the middle Warta catchment." Environment Protection Engineering 44, no. 4: 1.

Journal article
Published: 04 April 2017 in Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska
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Due to the ever present problem of excessive eutrophication of both surface waters and their main receiver, i.e. Baltic Sea, it becomes important to determine not only the concentration of nutrients in selected river profiles, but also an attempt to answer the question of which of the elements is a factor limiting the growth of biomass. Biological production in surface area is dependent on a number of factors including the relations between the nitrogen and phosphorus during photosynthesis. The study, whose results were presented in the article, was conducted in 2012–2014 on two littoral river basins, Rega and Słupia, in three cycles throughout the year including both vegetation period, the period after the removal of crops from the fields and the period of early spring, immediately after the thaw snow. On the basis of the results were analyzed variability of daily and seasonal concentrations of biogenic compounds and on the basis determined which of the elements limits the increase in biomass in selected catchments using the dependence that exists between the nitrogen and phosphorus in surface waters called Redfield ratio.

ACS Style

Paweł Wilk; Joanna Gębala; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak. Zmienność stosunku stężeń azotu i fosforu dla wybranych zlewni rzek przymorza. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 2017, 26, 55 -65.

AMA Style

Paweł Wilk, Joanna Gębala, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak. Zmienność stosunku stężeń azotu i fosforu dla wybranych zlewni rzek przymorza. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska. 2017; 26 (1):55-65.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Wilk; Joanna Gębala; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak. 2017. "Zmienność stosunku stężeń azotu i fosforu dla wybranych zlewni rzek przymorza." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 26, no. 1: 55-65.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Technical Transactions
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The flattening phenomenon in a seasonal variability analysis of the total nitrogen loads in river waters

ACS Style

Paweł Wilk; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Joanna Gębala; Mieczysław Ostojski. The flattening phenomenon in a seasonal variability analysis of the total nitrogen loads in river waters. Technical Transactions 2017, 2017, 137 -159.

AMA Style

Paweł Wilk, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Joanna Gębala, Mieczysław Ostojski. The flattening phenomenon in a seasonal variability analysis of the total nitrogen loads in river waters. Technical Transactions. 2017; 2017 (11):137-159.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paweł Wilk; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Joanna Gębala; Mieczysław Ostojski. 2017. "The flattening phenomenon in a seasonal variability analysis of the total nitrogen loads in river waters." Technical Transactions 2017, no. 11: 137-159.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2016 in Ecological Modelling
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Mieczysław S. Ostojski; Joanna Gębala; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk. Implementation of robust statistics in the calibration, verification and validation step of model evaluation to better reflect processes concerning total phosphorus load occurring in the catchment. Ecological Modelling 2016, 332, 83 -93.

AMA Style

Mieczysław S. Ostojski, Joanna Gębala, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Paweł Wilk. Implementation of robust statistics in the calibration, verification and validation step of model evaluation to better reflect processes concerning total phosphorus load occurring in the catchment. Ecological Modelling. 2016; 332 ():83-93.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mieczysław S. Ostojski; Joanna Gębala; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk. 2016. "Implementation of robust statistics in the calibration, verification and validation step of model evaluation to better reflect processes concerning total phosphorus load occurring in the catchment." Ecological Modelling 332, no. : 83-93.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2016 in Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management
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Introduction: Water eutrophication still causes many environmental and social problems, and so better quantification of the amount of nutrient loads discharged into surface waters is required. The basis for eutrophication analysis is data gathered in the frame of State Environmental Monitoring...

ACS Style

Pawel Wilk; Joanna Gębala; Mieczysław Ostojski; Paulina Orlińska-Wożniak. The importance of hourly nutrient concentration variability in terms of assessment of the surface water state in Słupia pilot river. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management 2016, 4, 13 -24.

AMA Style

Pawel Wilk, Joanna Gębala, Mieczysław Ostojski, Paulina Orlińska-Wożniak. The importance of hourly nutrient concentration variability in terms of assessment of the surface water state in Słupia pilot river. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. 2016; 4 (1):13-24.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pawel Wilk; Joanna Gębala; Mieczysław Ostojski; Paulina Orlińska-Wożniak. 2016. "The importance of hourly nutrient concentration variability in terms of assessment of the surface water state in Słupia pilot river." Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management 4, no. 1: 13-24.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Journal of Environmental Quality
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The watershed model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) can be used to implement the requirements of international agreements that Poland has ratified. Among these requirements are the establishment of catchment-based, rather than administrative-based, management plans and spatial information systems. Furthermore, Polish law requires that management of water resources be based on catchment systems. This article explores the use of the SWAT model in the implementation of catchment-based water management in Poland. Specifically, the impacts of basin size on calibration and on the results of the simulation process were analyzed. SWAT was set up and calibrated for three Polish watersheds of varying sizes: (i) Gąsawka, a small basin (>593.7 km), (ii) Rega, a medium-sized basin (2766.8 km), and (iii) Warta, a large basin (54,500 km) representing about 17.4% of Polish territory. The results indicated that the size of the catchment has an impact on the calibration process and simulation outputs. Several factors influenced by the size of the catchment affected the modeling results. Among these factors are the number of measurement points within the basin and the length of the measuring period and data quality at checkpoints as determined by the position of the measuring station. It was concluded that the SWAT model is a suitable tool for the implementation of catchment-based water management in Poland regardless of watershed size.

ACS Style

Mieczyslaw S. Ostojski; Jerzy Niedbala; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Pawel Wilk; Joanna Gębala. Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model Calibration Results for Different Catchment Sizes in Poland. Journal of Environmental Quality 2014, 43, 132 -144.

AMA Style

Mieczyslaw S. Ostojski, Jerzy Niedbala, Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Pawel Wilk, Joanna Gębala. Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model Calibration Results for Different Catchment Sizes in Poland. Journal of Environmental Quality. 2014; 43 (1):132-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mieczyslaw S. Ostojski; Jerzy Niedbala; Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Pawel Wilk; Joanna Gębala. 2014. "Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model Calibration Results for Different Catchment Sizes in Poland." Journal of Environmental Quality 43, no. 1: 132-144.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2013 in Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management
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ACS Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk; Joanna Gębala. Water availability in reference to water needs in Poland. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management 2013, 1, 45 -50.

AMA Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak, Paweł Wilk, Joanna Gębala. Water availability in reference to water needs in Poland. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. 2013; 1 (1):45-50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulina Orlińska-Woźniak; Paweł Wilk; Joanna Gębala. 2013. "Water availability in reference to water needs in Poland." Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management 1, no. 1: 45-50.