Based on the fact that taurine can increase lipid metabolism, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of acute taurine supplementation on lipid oxidation levels in healthy young men after a single bout of fasting aerobic exercise. A double-blind, acute, and crossover study design was conducted. Seventeen men (age 24.8 ± 4.07y; BMI: 23.9 ± 2.57 kg/m²) participated in the present study. Different doses of taurine (TAU) (3 g or 6 g) or placebo were supplemented 90 min before a single bout of fasting aerobic exercise (on a treadmill at 60% of VO₂ max). The subjects performed three trials, and each one was separated by seven days. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after the exercise protocol of each test to analyze plasma levels of glycerol and taurine. Lipid and carbohydrate oxidation were determined immediately after exercise for 15 min by indirect calorimetry. We observed that TAU supplementation (6 g) increased lipid oxidation (38%) and reduced the respiratory coefficient (4%) when compared to the placebo (p < 0.05). However, no differences in lipid oxidation were observed between the different doses of taurine (3 g and 6 g). For glycerol concentrations, there were no differences between trials. Six grams of TAU supplementation 90 min before a single bout of aerobic exercise in a fasted state was sufficient to increase the lipid oxidation post-exercise in healthy young men.

The present study verified the responses of proteins related to the autophagy pathway after 10 h of fast with resistance exercise and protein ingestion in skeletal muscle and liver samples. The rats were distributed into five experimental groups: control (CT; sedentary and without gavage after fast), exercise immediately (EXE-imm; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received water by gavage immediately after exercise), exercise after 1 h (EXE-1h; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received water by gavage 1 h after exercise), exercise and supplementation immediately after exercise (EXE/Suppl-imm; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received a mix of casein: whey protein 1:1 (w/w) by gavage immediately after exercise), exercise and supplementation 1 h after exercise (EXE/Suppl-1h; after fast, rats were submitted to the resistance protocol and received a mix of casein: whey protein 1:1 (w/w) by gavage 1 h after exercise). In summary, the current findings show that the combination of fasting, acute resistance exercise, and protein blend ingestion (immediately or 1 h after the exercise stimulus) increased the serum levels of leucine, insulin, and glucose, as well as the autophagy protein contents in skeletal muscle, but decreased other proteins related to the autophagic pathway in the liver. These results deserve further mechanistic investigations since athletes are combining fasting with physical exercise to enhance health and performance outcomes.

Obesity causes metabolic changes, such as the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, physical exercise promotes protection against these diseases. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate whether combined physical training can improve the metabolic system of women with obesity, reducing plasma concentrations of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and sphingolipids, regardless of weight loss. Fourteen obese women (BMI 30–40 kg/m²), aged 20–40 years, sedentary, were submitted to 8 weeks of combined physical training (strength and aerobic exercises). The training was performed three times/week, 55 min/session, at 75–90% maximum heart rate. All participants were evaluated pre- and post-exercise intervention, and their body composition, plasma TMAO, creatinine, lipid profile, and sphingolipid concentrations were recorded. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), Speed lactate threshold 1 (SpeedLT1), and Speed lactate threshold 2 (SpeedLT2) evaluated physical performance. Results: After combined exercise, it did not change body composition, but TMAO, total cholesterol, and sphingolipid concentrations significantly decreased (p < 0.05). There was an increase in physical performance by improving VO2max, SpeedLT1, and SpeedLT2 (p < 0.05). The combined physical exercise could induce cardiovascular risk protection by decreasing TMAO in obese women, parallel to physical performance improvement, independent of weight loss.

O Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) é uma doença crônica multifatorial caracterizada pela presença de um estado inflamatório com produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e estresse oxidativo. O desenvolvimento do DM2 pode causar complicações sistêmicas que comprometem o estado de saúde do indivíduo. Atualmente, há evidências crescentes sobre a eficácia do uso de nutrientes antioxidantes na prevenção e controle do DM2. A curcumina é um composto bioativo encontrado na Curcuma longa, popularmente chamado de Cúrcuma, que exibe várias propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias e tem apresentado evidências de promoção à saúde nas doenças crônicas. Tratando-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, o presente artigo teve como objetivo identificar a ação da curcumina e seus benefícios no manejo do pré-DM2, DM2 e DM2 associada a dislipidemia. Foram buscados artigos científicos na base de dados PUBMED publicados no período de 2009 até 2023. As combinações de palavras-chaves utilizadas para as buscas foram: “curcumin AND diabetes”, “curcuma longa AND diabetes”, “curcumin AND type 2 diabetes” e “curcuma longa AND type 2 diabetes”. Foram encontrados 1.195 artigos que abordavam a intervenção nutricional com cúrcuma no DM2, dentre eles 54 estudos experimentais e clínicos. Após critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram elegíveis 10 artigos científicos. Os estudos mostraram que uso da curcumina pode melhorar o metabolismo da glicose e lipídico, bem como de marcadores do estresse oxidativo e inflamatórios, além da melhora na função pancreática e na sensibilidade à insulina. Apesar dos efeitos da curcumina, especialmente na melhora da resistência à insulina, podendo ser um possível aliado terapêutico no manejo do DM2, ainda é necessário conhecer profundamente como esse nutriente atua no DM2.