Coriander is one of the most popular and intensely used spices owing to its multipurpose uses worldwide. It is mainly cultivated for the production of its dried seed and fresh leaves. The present study aimed to evaluate the application of compost and foliar spraying of TiO₂ on the yield and essential oil composition of coriander. Two field experiments were conducted during two successive seasons; after that, the yield parameters were determined, and the essential oil of the seeds was extracted and analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicated that coriander growths at both years were significantly affected by compost application and foliar application of TiO₂, and a significant interaction of these two factors also occurred. Compost application at 50 m³ caused significant increments of 55% and 46% in umbels number and 75% and 64% in seed yield in the first and second season, respectively, compared with control. The application of compost to the coriander plant significantly influenced oil percentage and oil yield per ha. The maximum oil percent was recorded in control plants. Foliar application of TiO₂ resulted in significant improvement in plant height, number of umbels, and seed yield of coriander as compared with control and reached their maximum values at 6 g L⁻¹ compared with the control; foliar application of TiO₂ at 2 g L⁻¹ enhanced numbers of umbels by 22% with no significant differences between 2, 4, and 6 g L⁻¹ treatments in the first season and by 24, 33, and 48% in the second season. Increases in seed yield accounted for 34, 43, and 64% in the first season and 21, 36, and 45% in the second season due to titanium dioxide application of 2, 4, and 6 g L⁻¹, respectively. The maximum content of linalool (87.61%) and minimum content of estragole (0.7%) was recorded at 4 g L⁻¹ titanium dioxide with no compost.

The study was conducted at El-Kasasin Research Station belonging to Ismailia Governorate, during the 2019 and 2020 seasons on Salvia officinalis plants. The experiment design was split plots, the main plots were two levels of vermicompost 2, 4 m3, and control treatment, while the subplots were springing with some vitamins; C, B1, and mixture of vitamin C + B1, and the control treatment. Consequences revealed that there was a significant effect resulting from the use of vermicompost at a rate of 4 m3 on all vegetative growth characteristics and essential oil compared to untreated plants. Alternatively, there was a significant effect on the characteristics of plant growth including plant height (cm), the number of branches, fresh and dry weights per plant (g) and per feddan (tons) and oil production included oil percentage in leaves dry weight; oil content per plant (ml) and per feddan (L) resulted from spraying with a mixture of vitamin C + B1 compared to the other treatments and control plants. Also, a significant effect has resulted from the interaction between adding vermicompost and spraying with vitamins on all growth characteristics, essential oil, and essential oil compounds, where the treatment recorded 4 m3 vermicompost + spraying with the vitamins mixture C + B1 compared to the other treatments and untreated plants. The results showed that, treatment of 4 m3 vermicompost + the vitamins mixture C + B1 recorded the highest values in both thujone (57.102%) and camphor (13.657%), while the compound 1.8-cineole recorded 3.256%, camphene recorded 1.846% and caryophyllene recorded 4.160%.

This research was conducted at the El-Qantara Sharq Research Station, Desert Research Center, during two successive summer seasons of 2013 and 2014 to study the effect of planting dates (15th April, 1st May and 15th May) and organic fertilization treatments (control, 15 m3/ feddan cattle manure, 15 m3/ feddan compost and a mixture of organic fertilizers [15 m3/ feddan compost + 15 m3/ feddan cattle manure]) on growth, yield and active ingredients of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. plants. Early planting date (15th April) resulted in significant increase in all growth characters, while delaying the planting dates decreased it in both seasons. The application of organic fertilizers produced the highest value in all growth characters during the two experimental seasons, while the treatment of mixed organic fertilizer significantly increased vegetative growth parameters, chemical ingredients and the chemical constituents. The interaction between planting dates and organic fertilization show that, the treatment of cultivation date on 15th April and fertilization with mixed organic fertilizer significantly increased most of the studied characters, however this treatment gave the maximum sepals per plant and per feddan, yield of seeds per plant and per feddan, the anthocyanins content and fixed oil content in seeds compared with the other treatments.

This research was conducted at El-Qantara Sharq Station, North Sinai, Egypt of Desert Research Center during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015. The main objective was to study the effect of microelements [Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe+Zn, Fe+Mn, Zn+Mn and Fe+Zn+Mn, at 50 ppm each], on growth, yield and essential oil content of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plant. Treatment of Fe+Zn+Mn, at 50 ppm each, produced the highest values of plant growth characters, oil content, N, P, K, Fe, Zn and Mn in plant tissues. Also, this treatment increased the concentrations of l-linalool to 52.69% and 1,8 cineole to 25.66%.

The effects of interaction of compost tea with chelated EDTA or humic acid micronutrients on black cumin productivity were investigated. It showed that soil drenching or foliar spray of compost tea with chelated EDTA and humic acid micronutrients increased plant height, plant dry weight, weight of seeds, oil percentage and volatile oils of seeds. Interacted compost tea significantly (p < 0.05) increased N, P and K percentage in seeds and straw and NPK uptake when interacted with humic form or with EDTA form. The N, P and K values for interacted foliar spray compost tea with humic form were 54, 21 and 30 kg/f, and with EDTA form were 39, 13 and 20 kg/f. While values for interacted soil drenching compost tea with humic form were 39, 14 and 21 kg/f, and with EDTA form were 26, 10 and 15 kg/f. The difference between drenching and foliage application of compost tea with two chelated forms was not significant (p > 0.05) in the two seasons, for plant dry weight, weight of seeds and oil percentage. However it was significant (p < 0.05) with humic form in the second season for plant height and in the first season for volatile oils percentage. Compost tea when applying in conjunction with mineral fertilizers results in high performance in the availability, uptake and accumulation of nutrient elements and leading to increasing in black cumin productivity.

Two field trials were carried out during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons at the El-Maghara Research Station-Desert Research Center., to study the effect of algae extract foliar application as partial replacement forchemical fertilization on vegetative growth, fruits yield, essential oil and its main components as well as chemical constituents of Dutch fennel under Sinai conditions. Treatments were the combination of five fertilization levels (full recommended dose of NPK only, 75, 50, 25% of the recommended NPK plus spraying with algae extract and spraying algae extract only), as treatments were arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications for each treatment. The results showed that, application of T2 (75% of the recommended NPK plus algae extract) increased plant height, number of umbels, fresh and dry weights / plant and maximized the essential oil yield compared to other treatments. However, the least amount of essential oil yield was obtained in plants treated with spraying algae extract only. Application of T2 also increased the concentration of N, P and K in plant tissues, Meanwhile, T5(spraying with only algae extract) led to the lowest values compared other treatments in both seasons. As general the main chemical constituents of Dutch fennel essential oil were trans-anethole, estragole, fenchone, limonene, alpha-pinene.