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Xuege Wang
Department of Geography, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

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Journal article
Published: 08 May 2021 in Land
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Extensive urbanization around the world has caused a great loss of farmland, which significantly impacts the ecosystem services provided by farmland. This study investigated the farmland loss due to urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China from 1980 to 2018 based on multiperiod datasets from the Land Use and Land Cover of China databases. Then, we calculated ecosystem service values (ESVs) of farmland using valuation methods to estimate the ecosystem service variations caused by urbanization in the study area. The results showed that 3711.3 km2 of farmland disappeared because of urbanization, and paddy fields suffered much higher losses than dry farmland. Most of the farmland was converted to urban residential land from 1980 to 2018. In the past 38 years, the ESV of farmland decreased by 5036.7 million yuan due to urbanization, with the highest loss of 2177.5 million yuan from 2000–2010. The hydrological regulation, food production and gas regulation of farmland decreased the most due to urbanization. The top five cities that had the largest total ESV loss of farmland caused by urbanization were Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Shenzhen and Huizhou. This study revealed that urbanization has increasingly become the dominant reason for farmland loss in the GBA. Our study suggests that governments should increase the construction of ecological cities and attractive countryside to protect farmland and improve the regional ESV.

ACS Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Yinwei Zeng; Ming Chen; Bin He; Lu Kang; Fenzhen Su. Ecosystem Services Changes on Farmland in Response to Urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China. Land 2021, 10, 501 .

AMA Style

Xuege Wang, Fengqin Yan, Yinwei Zeng, Ming Chen, Bin He, Lu Kang, Fenzhen Su. Ecosystem Services Changes on Farmland in Response to Urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China. Land. 2021; 10 (5):501.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Yinwei Zeng; Ming Chen; Bin He; Lu Kang; Fenzhen Su. 2021. "Ecosystem Services Changes on Farmland in Response to Urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China." Land 10, no. 5: 501.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2021 in Remote Sensing
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Ecosystem services provide important support for the sustainable development of humans; these services are provided by various ecosystems, but they have been severely influenced by anthropogenic activities globally in the past several decades. To respond to the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, this study investigated the changes in ecosystem structure and estimated the associated ecosystem services value (ESV) since China’s reform and opening-up policy in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), one of the most developed and populous areas of China. Our results showed that dramatic changes in ecosystem structure occurred in the GBA, characterized by unpresented construction land sprawl (an average of 148 km2/yr) and extensive farmland loss (an average of 111 km2/yr). The change size and rate of ecosystems from 2000 to 2010 was the biggest and fastest, followed by that from 1990 to 2000. The ESV of the study area showed an overall decreasing trend, declining from 464 billion yuan to 346 billion yuan. The ESV supported by forest ecosystems and water body ecosystems made dominant contributions to the total ESV, ranging from 92% to 95%. Strong spatial heterogeneity of the ESV of the GBA might be noted throughout the study period, with lower values in the central region and higher values in the surrounding region. To realize sustainable development in the GBA; this study strongly suggests that local governments, and the public, scientifically use various ecosystems and their services, focusing on vigorously protecting ecosystems with high and important ESVs, such as water body, wetland, forest, and farmland ecosystems.

ACS Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Yinwei Zeng; Ming Chen; Fenzhen Su; Yikun Cui. Changes in Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area since the Reform and Opening Up in China. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 1611 .

AMA Style

Xuege Wang, Fengqin Yan, Yinwei Zeng, Ming Chen, Fenzhen Su, Yikun Cui. Changes in Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area since the Reform and Opening Up in China. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (9):1611.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Yinwei Zeng; Ming Chen; Fenzhen Su; Yikun Cui. 2021. "Changes in Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area since the Reform and Opening Up in China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 9: 1611.

Journal article
Published: 02 February 2021 in Ocean & Coastal Management
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With dramatic coastline changes, developed coastal areas in China are seldom detected and compared in detail regarding the spatiotemporal evolution of coastline migration and coastal reclamation. This study detected and compared the spatiotemporal changes in coastline and coastal reclamation in three developed coastal areas: the Bohai Bay-Yellow River Estuary Zone (BHB-YREZ), the Yangtze River Estuary-Hangzhou Bay Zone (YRE-HZBZ) and the Pearl River Estuary Zone (PREZ). Landsat images from 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018 were employed to derive the coastline and reclamation information for the three coastal areas. The ecological risk index was applied to explore the ecological risk characteristics of land use change in the reclamation areas. The results showed that the length of the coastlines in the BHB-YREZ, YRE-HZBZ and PREZ increased from 717.6 km, 716.3 km, and 519.6 km in 1980 to 1252.8 km, 822.6 km and 780.9 km in 2018, with annual change rates of 14.1 km/year, 2.8 km/year and 6.9 km/year, respectively. 91.0%, 97.8%, 84.5% of the coastline in the BHB-YREZ, YRE-HZBZ and PREZ was artificial coastline by 2018, respectively. From 1980 to 2018, the total reclamation areas in the BHB-YREZ, YRE-HZBZ and PREZ were 2531.4 km2, 1145.5 km2, and 769.2 km2, respectively. After 2000, except for agricultural land and aquaculture ponds, ports, construction land and tied islands were the main reclaimed types in the BHB-YREZ, YRE-HZBZ and PREZ, respectively. The overall ecological risk in the BHB-YREZ showed an increasing tendency during the past four decades, while in the YRE-HZBZ and PREZ, it rose from 1980 to 1990 to 2000–2010, and declined in 2010–2018. Coastal reclamation activities, especially construction land or ports, should be strictly and scientifically planned to protect the coastal environment.

ACS Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Fenzhen Su. Changes in coastline and coastal reclamation in the three most developed areas of China, 1980–2018. Ocean & Coastal Management 2021, 204, 105542 .

AMA Style

Xuege Wang, Fengqin Yan, Fenzhen Su. Changes in coastline and coastal reclamation in the three most developed areas of China, 1980–2018. Ocean & Coastal Management. 2021; 204 ():105542.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Fenzhen Su. 2021. "Changes in coastline and coastal reclamation in the three most developed areas of China, 1980–2018." Ocean & Coastal Management 204, no. : 105542.

Journal article
Published: 08 October 2020 in Remote Sensing
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Unprecedented urbanization has occurred globally, which has converted substantial natural landscapes into impervious surfaces and further impacted ecosystem services and functioning. In this study, we quantified the spatiotemporal patterns of urbanization and investigated the impacts of urbanization on the ecosystem service value (ESV) in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China from 1980 to 2018. The results show that the GBA has experienced extensive urbanization, with the urban area increasing from 2607.4 to 8243.5 km2 from 1980 to 2018. Zhongshan, Zhuhai, Dongguan, Shenzhen, and Foshan exhibited the top five highest urban expansion rates. Throughout the study period, edge expansion was the most dominant growth mode, with a decreasing trend, while infilling increased in the GBA. The total ESV loss induced by urban expansion in the GBA reached 40.5 billion yuan over the past four decades. The ESV loss due to the water body decrease caused by urbanization was the largest. Our study suggests that decision-makers should control new urban areas and protect water bodies, wetlands, and forests with high ESVs to promote the sustainable development of urban agglomerations.

ACS Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Fenzhen Su. Impacts of Urbanization on the Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 3269 .

AMA Style

Xuege Wang, Fengqin Yan, Fenzhen Su. Impacts of Urbanization on the Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (19):3269.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuege Wang; Fengqin Yan; Fenzhen Su. 2020. "Impacts of Urbanization on the Ecosystem Services in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China." Remote Sensing 12, no. 19: 3269.