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Chin-Hsien Hsu
Department of Leisure Industry Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411030, Taiwan

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Journal article
Published: 12 August 2021 in Sustainability
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The purpose of the study is to explore the antecedents of university students’ fitness application usage behaviours by combining the theory of planned behaviour and the technology acceptance model. An anonymous questionnaire survey was adopted to address the objectives of the study. Purposive and snowball sampling was used to select eligible students from six universities in Zhanjiang City. An online survey was used to collect data from 634 eligible subjects, and partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to analyse the collected data. The results indicated that the students’ perceived usefulness (β = 0.17, p< 0.05) and perceived ease of use (β = 0.32, p< 0.05) concerning the application and their attitude (β = 0.31, p< 0.05) toward it significantly influenced their usage intentions. Furthermore, perceived usefulness (β = 0.11, p< 0.05) and perceived ease of use (β = 0.38, p< 0.05) fully mediated the relationship between subjective norms and usage intentions. However, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control did not enhance the students’ intentions to use fitness applications. That is, students’ attitudes and fitness application design are the determinants of usage intention. Accordingly, improving students’ fitness applications usage intention requires strategies that involve customised services, social networking, and collaboration with schools; this would further increase students’ engagement in physical exercise.

ACS Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Gordon Chih-Ming Ku; Yu-Chih Lo; Che-Hsiu Chen; Chin-Hsien Hsu. Identifying the Antecedents of University Students’ Usage Behaviour of Fitness Apps. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9043 .

AMA Style

Jo-Hung Yu, Gordon Chih-Ming Ku, Yu-Chih Lo, Che-Hsiu Chen, Chin-Hsien Hsu. Identifying the Antecedents of University Students’ Usage Behaviour of Fitness Apps. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9043.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Gordon Chih-Ming Ku; Yu-Chih Lo; Che-Hsiu Chen; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "Identifying the Antecedents of University Students’ Usage Behaviour of Fitness Apps." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9043.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The study was conducted to understand the travel intentions of Dajia Matsu pilgrimage participants through tourism decision making, environmental risk perception, epidemic prevention attitude, and physical and mental health assessment. A questionnaire survey was used to collect 230 questionnaires in the field during the 2021 pilgrimage, and structural analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 20.0 statistical programs. The results showed that environmental risk and physical and mental health awareness were not significantly associated with the travel intention of Dajia Matsu pilgrimage participants (p > 0.05), while travel decision and attitude toward epidemic prevention were significantly associated with travel intention (p < 0.05).

ACS Style

Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Jan-Wei Lin; I-Shen Chen; Chin-Hsien Hsu. Under the COVID-19 Environment, Will Tourism Decision Making, Environmental Risks, and Epidemic Prevention Attitudes Affect the People’s Firm Belief in Participating in Leisure Tourism Activities? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7539 .

AMA Style

Kuan-Chieh Tseng, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Jan-Wei Lin, I-Shen Chen, Chin-Hsien Hsu. Under the COVID-19 Environment, Will Tourism Decision Making, Environmental Risks, and Epidemic Prevention Attitudes Affect the People’s Firm Belief in Participating in Leisure Tourism Activities? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (14):7539.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Jan-Wei Lin; I-Shen Chen; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "Under the COVID-19 Environment, Will Tourism Decision Making, Environmental Risks, and Epidemic Prevention Attitudes Affect the People’s Firm Belief in Participating in Leisure Tourism Activities?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14: 7539.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2021 in Water
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This study assessed people’s water literacy awareness, attitudes, and behaviors to iden-tify strategies for coping with drought and water scarcity. The data from 653 questionnaires were analyzed by statistical validation and using IBM SPSS 22 and IBM AMOS 26.0. The views of students, housewives, swimming pool owners, schoolteachers, and experts were collected and finally examined by multivariate validation analysis. People have a high level of water literacy and developed sufficient water-saving habits (4.60). Although most people believe that tap water is of good quality, it is difficult to deliver and expensive, and cannot be consumed directly. Even though people are aware of the water shortage crisis, willing to carry water bottles instead of using plastic bottled water, choosing to buy environmentally friendly cleaning products (4.08), performing water conservation behaviors on the go, taking showers within 6–15 min, and taking the initiative to notify the relevant authorities to repair water facilities, the frequency of using bottled water is still high due to work and living habits, consumption ability, and mobility constraints (34.6), and they are less willing to buy products with the “water proficiency label” (4.08) and participate in stream-cleaning activities (3.57). The willingness to participate in water purification activities is low. The public also feels that the government is responsible for solving the current water shortage crisis (3.71). There are significant differences in the perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of water literacy among people of different genders, ages, and regions, depending on their work and consumption abilities, quality of life, and convenience (p< 0.05). Increasing water responsibility can enhance environmental management actions, consumer economic actions, and civic actions, while enhancing water perceptions and crisis awareness can further strengthen civic behaviors.

ACS Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Yu-Chih Lo; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. Measures to Cope with the Impact of Climate Change and Drought in the Island Region: A Study of the Water Literacy Awareness, Attitude, and Behavior of the Taiwanese Public. Water 2021, 13, 1799 .

AMA Style

Jo-Hung Yu, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Yu-Chih Lo, Kuan-Chieh Tseng, Chin-Hsien Hsu. Measures to Cope with the Impact of Climate Change and Drought in the Island Region: A Study of the Water Literacy Awareness, Attitude, and Behavior of the Taiwanese Public. Water. 2021; 13 (13):1799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Yu-Chih Lo; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "Measures to Cope with the Impact of Climate Change and Drought in the Island Region: A Study of the Water Literacy Awareness, Attitude, and Behavior of the Taiwanese Public." Water 13, no. 13: 1799.

Journal article
Published: 27 June 2021 in Sustainability
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In recent years, the sport of boxing has become a popular trend, and with the promotion of sport psychology, the leadership style of coaches plays an important role in influencing the mental aspect of athletes. Boxing is an exercise that combines intensity and relaxation, which not only improves the strength of the muscles and bones but also contributes to the mental health of people and brings them a sense of happiness. In this study, we investigated the correlation between boxing athletes’ perceived positive coaching leadership, sports enthusiasm, and happiness. In this study, 300 valid questionnaires were collected from boxing athletes and then analyzed by statistical software. The results showed that positive leadership had a significant positive effect on sports enthusiasm; sports enthusiasm had a significant positive effect on happiness, and positive leadership had a significant positive effect on happiness.In conclusion, the study has discussed the significance of sport psychology and well-being. The study is expected to contribute to the related literature and offer suggestions for future studies in sports science and management.

ACS Style

Hsing-Chieh Huang; Peng-Yeh Lee; Yu-Chih Lo; I-Shen Chen; Chin-Hsien Hsu. A Study on the Perceived Positive Coaching Leadership, Sports Enthusiasm, and Happiness of Boxing Athletes. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7199 .

AMA Style

Hsing-Chieh Huang, Peng-Yeh Lee, Yu-Chih Lo, I-Shen Chen, Chin-Hsien Hsu. A Study on the Perceived Positive Coaching Leadership, Sports Enthusiasm, and Happiness of Boxing Athletes. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7199.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hsing-Chieh Huang; Peng-Yeh Lee; Yu-Chih Lo; I-Shen Chen; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "A Study on the Perceived Positive Coaching Leadership, Sports Enthusiasm, and Happiness of Boxing Athletes." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7199.

Journal article
Published: 10 June 2021 in Healthcare
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The purpose of the study was to examine the leisure constraints and job satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly health care workers. The study employed a mixed research method, utilizing SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 23.0 statistical software to analyze 260 questionnaires using basic statistical tests, t-tests, ANOVA tests, and structural equation models, and then interviewed medical and public health workers and experts in the field, and the results were analyzed using multivariate verification analysis. The results showed that there was a significant low correlation between leisure constraints and job satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly health care workers (p< 0.01); interpersonal constraints and external job satisfaction factors were the main influencing factors; improving promotion opportunities and receiving appreciation increased job satisfaction; poor working environment and facilities, as well as the lack of achievement, were the main factors that reduced satisfaction; health factors, a lack of family support, no exercise partner, and a lack of extra budget are the key to leisure constraints. If the organization can provide nearby sports facilities for middle and high-age medical workers, improve welfare, and increase willingness to participate in leisure activities, physical and mental health can be improved. Finally, interpersonal interaction in leisure obstacles is the main reason for improving job satisfaction.

ACS Style

Chien-Hung Wu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Sin-Yu Lai; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. A Study of Leisure Constraints and Job Satisfaction of Middle-Aged and Elderly Health Care Workers in COVID-19 Environment. Healthcare 2021, 9, 713 .

AMA Style

Chien-Hung Wu, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Sin-Yu Lai, Kuan-Chieh Tseng, Chin-Hsien Hsu. A Study of Leisure Constraints and Job Satisfaction of Middle-Aged and Elderly Health Care Workers in COVID-19 Environment. Healthcare. 2021; 9 (6):713.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chien-Hung Wu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Sin-Yu Lai; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "A Study of Leisure Constraints and Job Satisfaction of Middle-Aged and Elderly Health Care Workers in COVID-19 Environment." Healthcare 9, no. 6: 713.

Case report
Published: 26 May 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The present study aimed to understand Taiwanese people’s willingness to participate in the travel bubble policy. A mixed research method was used to collect 560 questionnaires, and SPSS 22.0 software was used for the statistical validation and Pearson’s performance correlation analysis. Expert opinions were collected and the results were validated using multivariate analysis. Findings: People were aware of the seriousness of the virus and the preventive measures but were not afraid of the threat of infection. They looked forward to traveling to heighten their enthusiasm, relieve stress, and soothe their emotions. However, the infection and death rates have been high, there have been various routes of infection, and it has been difficult to identify the symptoms. The complex backgrounds of people coming in and out of airports, hotels and restaurants may create pressure on the participants of events. In addition, the flawed policies and high prices resulted in a loss of confidence in the policies and a wait-and-see attitude toward tourism activities. Thus, travel decisions (0.634), physical and mental health assessment (0.716), and environmental risk (−0.130) were significantly (p< 0.05) related to travel intentions, and different issues were affected to different degrees, while health beliefs had no significant effect (p > 0.05).

ACS Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Yu-Chih Lo; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. Is the Travel Bubble under COVID-19 a Feasible Idea or Not? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5717 .

AMA Style

Jo-Hung Yu, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Yu-Chih Lo, Kuan-Chieh Tseng, Chin-Hsien Hsu. Is the Travel Bubble under COVID-19 a Feasible Idea or Not? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (11):5717.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Yu-Chih Lo; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "Is the Travel Bubble under COVID-19 a Feasible Idea or Not?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5717.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2021 in Sustainability
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of people’s involvement in tourism programs on the imagination and familiarity of rural tourism destinations, as well as the motivation and desire to visit them. The results were validated by using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 21.0 statistical software to calculate and analyze the samples and to explore and infer the causal relationships. The results showed that: the degree of travel program involvement significantly correlated with familiarity and imagery of the destination (p < 0.000), and the degrees of familiarity and imagery of the destination also significantly correlated with motivation to travel (p < 0.000), and, lastly, the higher the motivation to travel in the last village, the greater the desire to travel (p < 0.000).

ACS Style

Min-Yuan Zheng; Chao-Chien Chen; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Chih-Hung Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. Research on the Impact of Popular Tourism Program Involvement on Rural Tourism Image, Familiarity, Motivation and Willingness. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4906 .

AMA Style

Min-Yuan Zheng, Chao-Chien Chen, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Chih-Hung Tseng, Chin-Hsien Hsu. Research on the Impact of Popular Tourism Program Involvement on Rural Tourism Image, Familiarity, Motivation and Willingness. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4906.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min-Yuan Zheng; Chao-Chien Chen; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Chih-Hung Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "Research on the Impact of Popular Tourism Program Involvement on Rural Tourism Image, Familiarity, Motivation and Willingness." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4906.

Journal article
Published: 20 April 2021 in Water
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This study takes Taiwan’s Sun Moon Lake Reservoir as the research object to discuss the sustainable development decision-making of the reservoir water source area in the island area. The grounded theory was adopted to construct the framework; 835 questionnaires were analyzed by statistical test; 10 interviewees’ feelings were collected through interviews and discussions, and multiple verification methods were used for exploration. Conclusion: The study found that the current development of the reservoir water source area of the outlying islands has brought much garbage; affecting the quality of the natural environment; lake; and water source; caused the disappearance of distinctive culture and architecture. The poor interaction between businesses and communities has led to an overlap in the types of industries, consumer goods, attractions and a lack of transportation and medical facilities, affecting people’s desire to travel. The government’s future decisions include: Increasing the variety of consumer goods; improving medical and transportation facilities; preserving unique culture and architecture; linking foreign-invested enterprises with community interactivity; enhancing local people’s interaction; and compensating for the deficiencies in human resources for industrial development are the key points for future improvement of the reservoir water source area of the outlying islands.

ACS Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Yu-Chih Lo; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. Research on Sustainable Development Evaluation of Reservoir Water Source Area in Island Area. Water 2021, 13, 1130 .

AMA Style

Jo-Hung Yu, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Yu-Chih Lo, Kuan-Chieh Tseng, Chin-Hsien Hsu. Research on Sustainable Development Evaluation of Reservoir Water Source Area in Island Area. Water. 2021; 13 (8):1130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jo-Hung Yu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Yu-Chih Lo; Kuan-Chieh Tseng; Chin-Hsien Hsu. 2021. "Research on Sustainable Development Evaluation of Reservoir Water Source Area in Island Area." Water 13, no. 8: 1130.

Journal article
Published: 25 November 2020 in Water
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The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of tourism development on the sustainable development of Tingxi Reservoir. Based on tourism impact theory, 804 questionnaires were statistically validated and analyzed, followed by a semi-structured interview with five respondents, and finally examined by a multivariate verification method. The study found that not only did development fail to raise land and housing prices, develop leisure activities, improve medical facilities, and supplement police manpower, but it also increased consumer costs and environmental damage. There were also problems such as insufficient interpreters, parking and rest facilities, and ineffective management of communication channels, bicycle facilities, and tourist waste, which did not help youths to return to their hometowns. Furthermore, due to the disparities in the performance of leisure opportunities, medical and health care, spatial planning, and cultural development, there were different opinions among the stakeholders. Suggestions: (1) Satisfy the needs of different stakeholders; (2) Improve the environmental literacy of tourists and provide more garbage cans; (3) Develop additional scenic spots to divert tourists; (4) Stabilize prices and attract investment from enterprises; and (5) Increase the participation of residents in community development to supplement industrial manpower.

ACS Style

Chih-Chien Shen; Chou-Fu Liang; Chin-Hsien Hsu; Jung-Hul Chien; Hsiao-Hsien Lin. Research on the Impact of Tourism Development on the Sustainable Development of Reservoir Headwater Area Using China’s Tingxi Reservoir as an Example. Water 2020, 12, 3311 .

AMA Style

Chih-Chien Shen, Chou-Fu Liang, Chin-Hsien Hsu, Jung-Hul Chien, Hsiao-Hsien Lin. Research on the Impact of Tourism Development on the Sustainable Development of Reservoir Headwater Area Using China’s Tingxi Reservoir as an Example. Water. 2020; 12 (12):3311.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chih-Chien Shen; Chou-Fu Liang; Chin-Hsien Hsu; Jung-Hul Chien; Hsiao-Hsien Lin. 2020. "Research on the Impact of Tourism Development on the Sustainable Development of Reservoir Headwater Area Using China’s Tingxi Reservoir as an Example." Water 12, no. 12: 3311.

Journal article
Published: 03 October 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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This study investigated the impact of environmental engineering on existing venues, venues and operations management. First, the literature analysis and field survey method are used to summarize the current situation of the venue. Then, 420 questionnaires are collected for statistical verification analysis, combined with the interview method to understand the deepest feelings of the people, and finally discussed with a multi-inspection method. The researcher believes that although environmental construction can improve infrastructure and human quality of life, which, after all, are experiment after completion. If, before construction, a good communication channel; obtaining consensus from the people and businesses; acquiring precise information; spraying water to reduce dust; increasing the height of the peripheral fence; planning a substitutive plan; avoiding crowds; reducing mistakes in the process; avoiding influencing the water and electricity supply and soil, water, and environment sanitation; and planning for a substitutive route and parking space with subsidy for damages are not possible, a negative image will be produced, willingness to spend will be reduced in the people due to the blocking of the view by the building (75%), the billboard will lose its functionality (63.2%), and inconvenience will be caused by the line of movement (75%) and parking space (55.9%), which are not helpful for development.

ACS Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Shang-Wun Jhang; Tzu-Yun Lin. Does environmental engineering help rural industry development? Discussion on the impact of Taiwan’s “special act for forward-looking infrastructure” on rural industry development. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 40137 -40150.

AMA Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Shang-Wun Jhang, Tzu-Yun Lin. Does environmental engineering help rural industry development? Discussion on the impact of Taiwan’s “special act for forward-looking infrastructure” on rural industry development. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (30):40137-40150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Shang-Wun Jhang; Tzu-Yun Lin. 2020. "Does environmental engineering help rural industry development? Discussion on the impact of Taiwan’s “special act for forward-looking infrastructure” on rural industry development." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 30: 40137-40150.

Case report
Published: 30 June 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This study explored awareness, attitudes, and behavior in relation to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention among Taiwanese citizens and their physical and mental health statuses. Through collection of 2132 questionnaire responses in field research, the present researchers analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and various approaches. In conclusion, the public’s high level of willingness to share information, sufficient knowledge of and consensus on epidemic prevention between individuals and families, strict compliance with relevant regulations, effective preventive measures, and adequate public facilities have contributed to control of COVID-19. However, vigilance and awareness of the pandemic in some individuals, epidemic-prevention campaigns, and community-based preventive measures were insufficient. Some citizens subsequently suffered from headaches, anxiety, and mood instability. Furthermore, demographic variables (place of residence, sex, age, and occupation) and physical and mental health status produced various effects on citizens’ awareness, attitude, and behavior regarding epidemic prevention as well as the perceived effect of COVID-19 on physical and mental health.

ACS Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Chun-Chih Wang; Shangwun Jhang. How to Defend COVID-19 in Taiwan? Talk about People’s Disease Awareness, Attitudes, Behaviors and the Impact of Physical and Mental Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 4694 .

AMA Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Chun-Chih Wang, Shangwun Jhang. How to Defend COVID-19 in Taiwan? Talk about People’s Disease Awareness, Attitudes, Behaviors and the Impact of Physical and Mental Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (13):4694.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Chun-Chih Wang; Shangwun Jhang. 2020. "How to Defend COVID-19 in Taiwan? Talk about People’s Disease Awareness, Attitudes, Behaviors and the Impact of Physical and Mental Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13: 4694.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2020 in Sustainability
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This paper discusses the status quo of tourism and policy development regarding the Jiuqu Stream in China from different stakeholder perspectives. By combining field investigations, questionnaires, and statistical examinations of collected data, 812 samples were analyzed using multivariate analysis. The results indicate that increased visibility, employment opportunities, and real estate values in the scenic areas along the river will attract residents to return for future development, while public safety and conservation policies, featured architecture and tourism signage planning, increased cost of living, and waste and pollution will cause disincentives. Visitors will be attracted by the natural and ecological features, transportation planning, unique local culture, and events. Recreational facilities and architectural planning, merchandise lacking characteristics, tourist consumer expenditure, smoke and pollution from motor vehicles, and how it feels to interact with residents will influence the desire to visit the place. Development of an area should consider the different needs of every stakeholder in terms of recreational facilities, local infrastructure, expenditure and income, public safety and health, waste disposal, ecology and environmental conservation, tourism, and the quality of life.

ACS Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Shangwun Jhang. Sustainable Tourism Development in Protected Areas of Rivers and Water Sources: A Case Study of Jiuqu Stream in China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5262 .

AMA Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu, Hsiao-Hsien Lin, Shangwun Jhang. Sustainable Tourism Development in Protected Areas of Rivers and Water Sources: A Case Study of Jiuqu Stream in China. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5262.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chin-Hsien Hsu; Hsiao-Hsien Lin; Shangwun Jhang. 2020. "Sustainable Tourism Development in Protected Areas of Rivers and Water Sources: A Case Study of Jiuqu Stream in China." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5262.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2018 in Sustainability
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Fitness gyms have been gaining popularity among Taiwanese people, which means growing competitiveness for fitness gym operators and the necessity for an examination on how to maintain customer loyalty. Since workouts may require more coaching and interactions than other types of exercise, this study focuses on whether the increased customer interactions and involvement, which may be achieved when the operator works on developing customer value co-creation behavior, can generate increased customer loyalty toward fitness gyms. On the other hand, customers’regular behavior may influence customers’perceived necessity of interactions and involvement; this may in turn influence the correlation of value co-creation behavior and customer loyalty. Accordingly, regular behavior was employed as the moderating variable in this study. The study used SPSS software version 22.0 and AMOS software version 22.0 to evaluate the data collected. By convenience sampling, it distributed questionnaires to 470 subjects, and collected 470 copies, with a return rate of 100%. After eliminating the invalid samples, there were 453 valid samples, with a valid return rate of 96.3%. We distributed questionnaires at outside the fitness clubs in Taichung City from May 20th to June 13th, 2016. The study’s results indicate that value co-creation attitude, value co-creation subjective norm, and price affordability have positive effects on value co-creation behavior; value co-creation behavior has a positive effect on customer loyalty, and regular behavior has a negative moderating effect on the influence of value co-creation behavior on customer loyalty.

ACS Style

Yu-Lung Lee; Lee-Yun Pan; Chin-Hsien Hsu; De-Chih Lee. Exploring the Sustainability Correlation of Value Co-Creation and Customer Loyalty-A Case Study of Fitness Clubs. Sustainability 2018, 11, 97 .

AMA Style

Yu-Lung Lee, Lee-Yun Pan, Chin-Hsien Hsu, De-Chih Lee. Exploring the Sustainability Correlation of Value Co-Creation and Customer Loyalty-A Case Study of Fitness Clubs. Sustainability. 2018; 11 (1):97.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu-Lung Lee; Lee-Yun Pan; Chin-Hsien Hsu; De-Chih Lee. 2018. "Exploring the Sustainability Correlation of Value Co-Creation and Customer Loyalty-A Case Study of Fitness Clubs." Sustainability 11, no. 1: 97.