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Modern dietary habits in communities are linked and are part of the global food supply chain. To achieve sustainable food production and consumption, communicating the impact associated with food production and dietary choices at community level to consumers is important. However, previous footprint studies have primarily focussed on food consumption at the national level and neglected community–level consumption activities. This study surveyed the diets of a small island community and linked the results with multi-region land footprint analysis in Ollei Village, Republic of Palau. The analysis was used to determine the extent to which the dietary lifestyles of communities depend on external land use through the global supply chain. We showed that the global food supply chain has reached this corner of the world, and the dietary habits of the community are already heavily dependent on processed and imported foods. The community and country are highly dependent on large land use in some major producer/exporting countries through the global food supply chain. In addition, the amount of external land used for food production exceeds the biocapacity of the agricultural land in the community and country. This study bridges the gap between community–level consumption activities and national-scale footprint analysis, and quantitatively assesses the impact of consumption activities at the community level on the global environment. The results and approach of this study could contribute to the development and implementation of vertically integrated food policies between the national and community level in Palau.
Shinichiro Nakamura; Akiko Iida; Jun Nakatani; Takafumi Shimizu; Yuya Ono; Satoshi Watanabe; Keigo Noda; Christopher Kitalong. Global land use of diets in a small island community: a case study of Palau in the Pacific. Environmental Research Letters 2021, 16, 065016 .
AMA StyleShinichiro Nakamura, Akiko Iida, Jun Nakatani, Takafumi Shimizu, Yuya Ono, Satoshi Watanabe, Keigo Noda, Christopher Kitalong. Global land use of diets in a small island community: a case study of Palau in the Pacific. Environmental Research Letters. 2021; 16 (6):065016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShinichiro Nakamura; Akiko Iida; Jun Nakatani; Takafumi Shimizu; Yuya Ono; Satoshi Watanabe; Keigo Noda; Christopher Kitalong. 2021. "Global land use of diets in a small island community: a case study of Palau in the Pacific." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 6: 065016.
Rapid urbanization, tourism, and climate change (CC) threaten water resource management in developing countries. Conventional water-planning tools cannot account for the changing effects of water disparity, climate risks, and environmental flow (EF) requirements. This paper proposes an alternative approach that applies stylized water-demand forecasting and predicting water availability from the perspectives of CC, changing society, and EF, thereby providing managers with future scenarios of surface water sufficiency/deficiency in an active ecotourism area, namely, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines. We considered (1) scenarios of seasonal droughts to prepare for climate risks in the future and (2) scenarios of water availability that do not depend on groundwater supply, in which the projected water deficiency is frequent both annually and seasonally. The results of this case study showed that an additional water supply from the Montible Watershed to the city was projected to secure sufficient amounts of water to achieve surface-water sufficiency, which is consistent with the goals of both the municipality and the water company to reduce the dependency on groundwater. Moreover, significant infrastructure investment costs must be anticipated in Scenario 3. Our approach proves efficient in modeling water demand in regions with active tourism and hydrology and therefore has the potential for further analyses and application.
Mark Dela Cruz; Shinichiro Nakamura; Naota Hanasaki; Julien Boulange. Integrated Evaluation of Changing Water Resources in an Active Ecotourism Area: The Case of Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4826 .
AMA StyleMark Dela Cruz, Shinichiro Nakamura, Naota Hanasaki, Julien Boulange. Integrated Evaluation of Changing Water Resources in an Active Ecotourism Area: The Case of Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4826.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMark Dela Cruz; Shinichiro Nakamura; Naota Hanasaki; Julien Boulange. 2021. "Integrated Evaluation of Changing Water Resources in an Active Ecotourism Area: The Case of Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4826.
Thailand plays a central economic and policy-making role in Southeast Asia. Although climate change adaptation is being mainstreamed in Thailand, a well-organized overview of the impacts of climate change and potential adaptation measures has been unavailable to date. Here we present a comprehensive review of climate-change impact studies that focused on the Thai water sector, based on a literature review of six sub-sectors: riverine hydrology, sediment erosion, coastal erosion, forest hydrology, agricultural hydrology, and urban hydrology. Our review examined the long-term availability of observational data, historical changes, projected changes in key variables, and the availability of economic assessments and their implications for adaptation actions. Although some basic hydrometeorological variables have been well monitored, specific historical changes due to climate change have seldom been detected. Furthermore, although numerous future projections have been proposed, the likely changes due to climate change remain unclear due to a general lack of systematic multi-model and multi-scenario assessments and limited spatiotemporal coverage of the study area. Several gaps in the research were identified, and 10 research recommendations are presented. While the information contained herein contributes to state-of-the-art knowledge on the impact of climate change on the water sector in Thailand, it will also benefit other countries on the Indochina Peninsula with a similar climate.
Masashi Kiguchi; Kumiko Takata; Naota Hanasaki; Boonlert Archevarahuprok; Adisorn Champathong; Eiji Ikoma; Chaiporn Jaikaeo; Sudsaisin Kaewrueng; Shinjiro Kanae; So Kazama; Koichiro Kuraji; Kyoko Matsumoto; Shinichiro Nakamura; Dzung Nguyen-Le; Keigo Noda; Napaporn Piamsa-Nga; Mongkol Raksapatcharawong; Prem Rangsiwanichpong; Sompratana Ritphring; Hiroaki Shirakawa; Chatuphorn Somphong; Mallika Srisutham; Desell Suanburi; Weerakaset Suanpaga; Taichi Tebakari; Yongyut Trisurat; Keiko Udo; Sanit Wongsa; Tomohito J. Yamada; Koshi Yoshida; Thanya Kiatiwat; Taikan Oki. A review of climate-change impact and adaptation studies for the water sector in Thailand. Environmental Research Letters 2020, 16, 023004 .
AMA StyleMasashi Kiguchi, Kumiko Takata, Naota Hanasaki, Boonlert Archevarahuprok, Adisorn Champathong, Eiji Ikoma, Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Sudsaisin Kaewrueng, Shinjiro Kanae, So Kazama, Koichiro Kuraji, Kyoko Matsumoto, Shinichiro Nakamura, Dzung Nguyen-Le, Keigo Noda, Napaporn Piamsa-Nga, Mongkol Raksapatcharawong, Prem Rangsiwanichpong, Sompratana Ritphring, Hiroaki Shirakawa, Chatuphorn Somphong, Mallika Srisutham, Desell Suanburi, Weerakaset Suanpaga, Taichi Tebakari, Yongyut Trisurat, Keiko Udo, Sanit Wongsa, Tomohito J. Yamada, Koshi Yoshida, Thanya Kiatiwat, Taikan Oki. A review of climate-change impact and adaptation studies for the water sector in Thailand. Environmental Research Letters. 2020; 16 (2):023004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasashi Kiguchi; Kumiko Takata; Naota Hanasaki; Boonlert Archevarahuprok; Adisorn Champathong; Eiji Ikoma; Chaiporn Jaikaeo; Sudsaisin Kaewrueng; Shinjiro Kanae; So Kazama; Koichiro Kuraji; Kyoko Matsumoto; Shinichiro Nakamura; Dzung Nguyen-Le; Keigo Noda; Napaporn Piamsa-Nga; Mongkol Raksapatcharawong; Prem Rangsiwanichpong; Sompratana Ritphring; Hiroaki Shirakawa; Chatuphorn Somphong; Mallika Srisutham; Desell Suanburi; Weerakaset Suanpaga; Taichi Tebakari; Yongyut Trisurat; Keiko Udo; Sanit Wongsa; Tomohito J. Yamada; Koshi Yoshida; Thanya Kiatiwat; Taikan Oki. 2020. "A review of climate-change impact and adaptation studies for the water sector in Thailand." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 2: 023004.
Flood risk management (FRM) has repeatedly evolved through paradigm shifts in human history. In modern FRM, a design flood, which reflects the protection standard or safety level of the FRM, is one of the most important elements. It has been historically revised and increased to reflect the socio‐hydrological situation of each era. Through this study we aimed to identify these changes to FRM, and their reasons (after the advent of the modern society in Japan), focusing on the design flood revision triggers in 109 river basins. We extracted all these triggers through critical reviews of governmental reports (and other historical resources), then tried to identify and divide this time period into a few eras, based on these shifts. In addition, we performed a qualitative trend analysis of several socio‐hydrological variables that contributed to (or refracted) the shifts, and conducted a qualitative analysis of their socio‐hydrological backgrounds. The revision triggers could be classified into five categories: “National policy change,” “Mega flood,” “Dam construction,” “Economic growth,” and “Others.” From the transition of triggers, the Japanese modern history of FRM was divided into three eras: “Era 1: 1910–1935, Changing society,” “Era 2: 1935–1970, Response to mega floods,” and “Era 3: 1970–2010, Response to economic growth”. The paradigms shifted in each era due to variations in both socio‐hydrological events and backgrounds. The results showed that the Japanese FRM paradigm has shifted from “green society” to “technological society,” with respect to human‐technology‐flood evolution.
Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. Paradigm Shifts on Flood Risk Management in Japan: Detecting Triggers of Design Flood Revisions in the Modern Era. Water Resources Research 2018, 54, 5504 -5515.
AMA StyleShinichiro Nakamura, Taikan Oki. Paradigm Shifts on Flood Risk Management in Japan: Detecting Triggers of Design Flood Revisions in the Modern Era. Water Resources Research. 2018; 54 (8):5504-5515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. 2018. "Paradigm Shifts on Flood Risk Management in Japan: Detecting Triggers of Design Flood Revisions in the Modern Era." Water Resources Research 54, no. 8: 5504-5515.
Kei Yoshimura; Shinichiro Nakamura; Misako Hatono; Kiyotaka Mukaida; Yuta Ishitsuka; Nobuyuki Utsumi; Masashi Kiguchi; Hyungjun Kim; Keigo Noda; Tatsuya Makino; Shinjiro Kanae; Taikan Oki. INVESTIGATION ON KINU-RIVER FLOOD DISASTER AROUND JOSO-CITY IBARAKI PREFECTURE OCCURRED BY KANTO AND TOHOKU HEAVY RAIN IN SEPTEMBER 2015. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 2016, 72, 1 .
AMA StyleKei Yoshimura, Shinichiro Nakamura, Misako Hatono, Kiyotaka Mukaida, Yuta Ishitsuka, Nobuyuki Utsumi, Masashi Kiguchi, Hyungjun Kim, Keigo Noda, Tatsuya Makino, Shinjiro Kanae, Taikan Oki. INVESTIGATION ON KINU-RIVER FLOOD DISASTER AROUND JOSO-CITY IBARAKI PREFECTURE OCCURRED BY KANTO AND TOHOKU HEAVY RAIN IN SEPTEMBER 2015. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering). 2016; 72 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKei Yoshimura; Shinichiro Nakamura; Misako Hatono; Kiyotaka Mukaida; Yuta Ishitsuka; Nobuyuki Utsumi; Masashi Kiguchi; Hyungjun Kim; Keigo Noda; Tatsuya Makino; Shinjiro Kanae; Taikan Oki. 2016. "INVESTIGATION ON KINU-RIVER FLOOD DISASTER AROUND JOSO-CITY IBARAKI PREFECTURE OCCURRED BY KANTO AND TOHOKU HEAVY RAIN IN SEPTEMBER 2015." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 72, no. 4: 1.
The assessment of flood risk is important for policy makers to evaluate damage and for disaster preparation. Large population densities and high property concentration make cities more vulnerable to floods and having higher absolute damage per year. A number of major cities in the world suffer from flood inundation damage every year. In Japan, approximately JPY 100 billion in damage occurs annually due to pluvial flood only. The amount of damage was typically large in large cities, but regions with lower population density tended to have more damage per capita. Our statistical approach gives the probability of damage following every daily rainfall event and thereby the annual damage as a function of rainfall, population density, topographical slope, and gross domestic product. Our results for Japan show reasonable agreement with area-averaged annual damage for the period 1993–2009. We report a damage occurrence probability function and a damage cost function for pluvial flood damage, which makes this method flexible for use in future scenarios and also capable of being expanded to different regions.
Rajan Bhattarai; Kei Yoshimura; Shinta Seto; Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. Statistical model for economic damage from pluvial flood in Japan using rainfall data and socio-economic parameters. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2015, 16, 1063 -1077.
AMA StyleRajan Bhattarai, Kei Yoshimura, Shinta Seto, Shinichiro Nakamura, Taikan Oki. Statistical model for economic damage from pluvial flood in Japan using rainfall data and socio-economic parameters. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions. 2015; 16 (5):1063-1077.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajan Bhattarai; Kei Yoshimura; Shinta Seto; Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. 2015. "Statistical model for economic damage from pluvial flood in Japan using rainfall data and socio-economic parameters." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 16, no. 5: 1063-1077.
Jiro Kakehashi; Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki; Kazuo Oki. THE DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FREQUENTLY FLOODED AREAS IN JAPAN. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 2014, 70, I_1489 -I_1494.
AMA StyleJiro Kakehashi, Shinichiro Nakamura, Taikan Oki, Kazuo Oki. THE DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FREQUENTLY FLOODED AREAS IN JAPAN. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering). 2014; 70 (4):I_1489-I_1494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiro Kakehashi; Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki; Kazuo Oki. 2014. "THE DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FREQUENTLY FLOODED AREAS IN JAPAN." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 70, no. 4: I_1489-I_1494.
To address many of the problems faced in hydrological engineering planning, design, and management, a detailed knowledge of flood event characteristics, such as flood peak, volume, and duration is required. Flood frequency analysis often focuses on flood peak values and provides a limited assessment of flood events. To develop effective flood management and mitigation policies, estimation of the scale of potential disasters, incorporating the effects of social factors and climate conditions, is required along with quantitative measures of flood frequency. The Japanese flood risk index, the flood disaster occurrence probability (FDOP), was established based on both natural and social factors. It represents the expectation of damage in the case of a single flood occurrence, which is estimated by integrating a physical-based approach as a Total Runoff Integrating Pathways (TRIP) model with Gumbel distribution metrics. The resulting equations are used to predict potential flood damage based on gridded Japanese data for independent variables. This approach is novel in that it targets floods based on units of events instead of a long-term trend. Moreover, the FDOP can express relative potential flood risk while considering flood damage. The significance of the present study is that both the hazard parameters (which contribute directly to flood occurrence) and vulnerability parameters (which reflect conditions of the region where the flood occurred), including residential and social characteristics, were shown quantitatively to affect flood damage. This study examined the probability of flood disaster occurrence using the TRIP model for Japan (J-TRIP), a river routing scheme that provides a digital river network covering Japan. The analysis was based on floods from 1976 to 2004 associated with flood inundation and sediment disasters. Based on these results, we estimated the probability of flood damage officially reported for the whole region of Japan at a grid interval of 0.1 degrees. The relationship between the magnitude of the rain hazard expressed as the probability of exceedance and the probability of flood damage officially reported was expressed as an exponential function by equalizing the whole region of Japan based on excess probability. Moreover, the probabilities of flood damage occurrence according to social factors and changes in climate conditions were also examined. The probability of flood damage occurrence is high, especially in regions of high population density. The results also showed the effect of the dam maintenance ratio on extreme flooding and flood damage frequency. The probability of flood damage occurrence was expected to increase during extreme weather events at the end of this century. These findings provide a sound foundation for use in catchment water resources management.
Goro Mouri; Daigo Minoshima; Valentin Golosov; Sergey Chalov; Shinta Seto; Kei Yoshimura; Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. Probability assessment of flood and sediment disasters in Japan using the Total Runoff-Integrating Pathways model. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2013, 3, 31 -43.
AMA StyleGoro Mouri, Daigo Minoshima, Valentin Golosov, Sergey Chalov, Shinta Seto, Kei Yoshimura, Shinichiro Nakamura, Taikan Oki. Probability assessment of flood and sediment disasters in Japan using the Total Runoff-Integrating Pathways model. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2013; 3 ():31-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGoro Mouri; Daigo Minoshima; Valentin Golosov; Sergey Chalov; Shinta Seto; Kei Yoshimura; Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. 2013. "Probability assessment of flood and sediment disasters in Japan using the Total Runoff-Integrating Pathways model." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 3, no. : 31-43.
Shinichiro Nakamura; Hirokazu Sato; Taikan Oki. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTRICAL MAXIMUM DISCHARGE IN JAPAN AFTER 1945. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 2012, 68, I_1453 -I_1458.
AMA StyleShinichiro Nakamura, Hirokazu Sato, Taikan Oki. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTRICAL MAXIMUM DISCHARGE IN JAPAN AFTER 1945. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering). 2012; 68 (4):I_1453-I_1458.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShinichiro Nakamura; Hirokazu Sato; Taikan Oki. 2012. "THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTRICAL MAXIMUM DISCHARGE IN JAPAN AFTER 1945." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 68, no. 4: I_1453-I_1458.
Shinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. THE HISTORICAL TRANSITION AND CHARACTERISTIC OF REVISED ELEMENTS ABOUT THE BASIC FLOOD DISCHARGE IN JAPAN. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 2011, 67, I_685 -I_690.
AMA StyleShinichiro Nakamura, Taikan Oki. THE HISTORICAL TRANSITION AND CHARACTERISTIC OF REVISED ELEMENTS ABOUT THE BASIC FLOOD DISCHARGE IN JAPAN. Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering). 2011; 67 (4):I_685-I_690.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShinichiro Nakamura; Taikan Oki. 2011. "THE HISTORICAL TRANSITION AND CHARACTERISTIC OF REVISED ELEMENTS ABOUT THE BASIC FLOOD DISCHARGE IN JAPAN." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) 67, no. 4: I_685-I_690.