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Bairu Xia
School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

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Journal article
Published: 08 July 2020 in Coatings
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The multistage stimulation technology of horizontal wells has brought huge benefits to the development of oil and gas fields. However, the completion string with packers often encounters stuck due to the large drag in the horizontal section, causing huge economic losses. The local drag of the completion string with packers in the horizontal section is very complicated, and it has not been fully understood by theoretical calculations. A local drag experiment is designed to simulate the influence of microsteps and cuttings on the local drag of the completion string with packers in the inclined and horizontal sections. An obvious increase of the local drag of the packer is found at microsteps of the horizontal section, and the local drag is greatly affected by the amount of sand. In addition, the string with packers will vibrate during the tripping process in the deviated section, and the local drag is different when different amounts of sand are in the hole, but the change law is similar. The experimental results show that the friction coefficients of the packers with different materials in the horizontal section vary greatly, resulting in different local drags. It indicates that the local drag of the completion string not only depends on the microsteps and sand quantity in the wellbore, but also on the material difference of the packers. Only if microsteps and cuttings are removed can the completion string be tripped into horizontal wells smoothly.

ACS Style

Qimin Liang; Bairu Xia; Baolin Liu; Zhen Nie; Baokui Gao. Experimental Study on the Local Drag of Completion String with Packers in Horizontal Wells. Coatings 2020, 10, 657 .

AMA Style

Qimin Liang, Bairu Xia, Baolin Liu, Zhen Nie, Baokui Gao. Experimental Study on the Local Drag of Completion String with Packers in Horizontal Wells. Coatings. 2020; 10 (7):657.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qimin Liang; Bairu Xia; Baolin Liu; Zhen Nie; Baokui Gao. 2020. "Experimental Study on the Local Drag of Completion String with Packers in Horizontal Wells." Coatings 10, no. 7: 657.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2019 in Energies
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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) releases hydrochloric acid (HCl) during its thermal degradation, and hydrochloric acid can react with hydration products of alkali-activated binders. According to this characteristic of PVC and the temperature change that occurs during the development of a geothermal well, the PVC was added into slag/fly ash binder to develop self-degradable materials. The thermal degradation properties of PVC, compressive strength, hydration products, and microstructure of binders at different stages were tested, in order to study the degradation mechanism of the material. It was found that 20% PVC reduced the compressive strength, decreasing the level of binder from 13.95% to 76.63%. The mechanism of PVC promoting the material degradation mainly includes the following: (1) the thermal degradation of PVC increases the number of multiple damage pores in the material, at a high temperature; (2) HCl generated by the PVC thermal degradation reacts with the binder gels, and breaks them into particles; and (3) HCl also reacts with other substances in the binder, including CaCO3 and NaOH in the pore solution.

ACS Style

Huijing Tan; Xiuhua Zheng; Long Chen; Kang Liu; Wenxi Zhu; Bairu Xia. The Self-Degradation Mechanism of Polyvinyl Chloride-Modified Slag/Fly Ash Binder for Geothermal Wells. Energies 2019, 12, 2821 .

AMA Style

Huijing Tan, Xiuhua Zheng, Long Chen, Kang Liu, Wenxi Zhu, Bairu Xia. The Self-Degradation Mechanism of Polyvinyl Chloride-Modified Slag/Fly Ash Binder for Geothermal Wells. Energies. 2019; 12 (14):2821.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huijing Tan; Xiuhua Zheng; Long Chen; Kang Liu; Wenxi Zhu; Bairu Xia. 2019. "The Self-Degradation Mechanism of Polyvinyl Chloride-Modified Slag/Fly Ash Binder for Geothermal Wells." Energies 12, no. 14: 2821.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2019 in Molecules
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Interactions between 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (IL), an ionic liquid, and Na-montmorillonite (Na-MMT) were studied under different kinetic conditions to investigate the adsorption behavior of IL by Na-MMT. The adsorption of IL by Na-MMT was rapid, with a fast rate, reaching a capacity of 0.43 mmol/g, lower than Na-MMT's cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 0.90 mmol/g. Meanwhile, the highest adsorption rate occurred at the IL concentration of 1000 mg/L. The exchangeable cation of Na-MMT could not be completely substituted by the cation group of IL regardless of the IL concentration. Stoichiometric desorption experiments confirmed that the cation exchange was the dominating adsorption mechanism for the IL adsorption by Na-MMT. The pH value of the solution between 2 and 11 had a negligible effect on the adsorption amount of IL by Na-MMT. The cation group of IL interacted into the interlayer of Na-MMT successfully, resulting in the change in the wettability of Na-MMT. A bilayer formation of the cationic group should occur in the interlayer of the modified Na-MMT and the configuration of IL was dependent on the adsorption amount of IL. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the modified Na-MMT was also dependent on the adsorption amount of IL.

ACS Style

Jingjing Pei; Xuesong Xing; Boru Xia; Ziming Wang; Zhihua Luo. Study on the Adsorption Behavior between an Imidazolium Ionic Liquid and Na-Montmorillonite. Molecules 2019, 24, 1396 .

AMA Style

Jingjing Pei, Xuesong Xing, Boru Xia, Ziming Wang, Zhihua Luo. Study on the Adsorption Behavior between an Imidazolium Ionic Liquid and Na-Montmorillonite. Molecules. 2019; 24 (7):1396.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jingjing Pei; Xuesong Xing; Boru Xia; Ziming Wang; Zhihua Luo. 2019. "Study on the Adsorption Behavior between an Imidazolium Ionic Liquid and Na-Montmorillonite." Molecules 24, no. 7: 1396.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2017 in Energies
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An urgent problem of geothermal energy source development is how to cut down the production costs. The use of temporary sealing materials can reduce the costs associated with the circulation lost by plugging, and increase the production by self-degradation. Based on the utilization of starches as self-degradable additives in the medical field, this paper investigated the effects of three kinds of starches, namely corn starch (CS), hydroxypropyl starch (HPS) and carboxymethyl starch (CMS) on the properties of alkali-activated cement (AAC). In addition, the thermal properties of starch, the compressive strength and microstructures of the cement with starch were tested, to evaluate the potentiality of starch as self-degradable additive for geothermal cement. The analysis showed that: (1) all the starches have the effect of increasing the apparent viscosity, prolonging the setting time and reducing the static fluid loss of alkali-activated cement; (2) the addition of starch increased the number of pores in 200 °C-heated cement, facilitated the leaching process, and thus promoted the self-degradation; and (3) among the three starches, CMS has the most potential as a self-degradable additive.

ACS Style

Huijing Tan; Xiuhua Zheng; Limenglu Ma; Haixiao Huang; Bairu Xia. A Study on the Effects of Starches on the Properties of Alkali-Activated Cement and the Potential of Starch as a Self-Degradable Additive. Energies 2017, 10, 1048 .

AMA Style

Huijing Tan, Xiuhua Zheng, Limenglu Ma, Haixiao Huang, Bairu Xia. A Study on the Effects of Starches on the Properties of Alkali-Activated Cement and the Potential of Starch as a Self-Degradable Additive. Energies. 2017; 10 (7):1048.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huijing Tan; Xiuhua Zheng; Limenglu Ma; Haixiao Huang; Bairu Xia. 2017. "A Study on the Effects of Starches on the Properties of Alkali-Activated Cement and the Potential of Starch as a Self-Degradable Additive." Energies 10, no. 7: 1048.

Journal article
Published: 23 February 2017 in Energies
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The accurate control of the wellbore pressure not only prevents lost circulation/blowout and fracturing formation by managing the density of the drilling fluid, but also improves productivity by mitigating reservoir damage. Calculating the geothermal pressure of a geothermal well by constant parameters would easily bring big errors, as the changes of physical, rheological and thermal properties of drilling fluids with temperature are neglected. This paper researched the wellbore pressure coupling by calculating the temperature distribution with the existing model, fitting the rule of density of the drilling fluid with the temperature and establishing mathematical models to simulate the wellbore pressures, which are expressed as the variation of Equivalent Circulating Density (ECD) under different conditions. With this method, the temperature and ECDs in the wellbore of the first medium-deep geothermal well, ZK212 Yangyi Geothermal Field in Tibet, were determined, and the sensitivity analysis was simulated by assumed parameters, i.e., the circulating time, flow rate, geothermal gradient, diameters of the wellbore, rheological models and regimes. The results indicated that the geothermal gradient and flow rate were the most influential parameters on the temperature and ECD distribution, and additives added in the drilling fluid should be added carefully as they change the properties of the drilling fluid and induce the redistribution of temperature. To ensure the safe drilling and velocity of pipes tripping into the hole, the depth and diameter of the wellbore are considered to control the surge pressure.

ACS Style

Xiuhua Zheng; Chenyang Duan; Zheng Yan; Hongyu Ye; Zhiqing Wang; Bairu Xia. Equivalent Circulation Density Analysis of Geothermal Well by Coupling Temperature. Energies 2017, 10, 268 .

AMA Style

Xiuhua Zheng, Chenyang Duan, Zheng Yan, Hongyu Ye, Zhiqing Wang, Bairu Xia. Equivalent Circulation Density Analysis of Geothermal Well by Coupling Temperature. Energies. 2017; 10 (3):268.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiuhua Zheng; Chenyang Duan; Zheng Yan; Hongyu Ye; Zhiqing Wang; Bairu Xia. 2017. "Equivalent Circulation Density Analysis of Geothermal Well by Coupling Temperature." Energies 10, no. 3: 268.

Journal article
Published: 08 December 2016 in Energies
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Small-diameter turbodrills have great potential for use in slim boreholes because of their lower cost and higher efficiency when used in geothermal energy and other underground resource applications. Multistage hydraulic components consisting of stators and rotors are key aspects of turbodrills. This study aimed to develop a suitable blade that can be used under high temperature in granite formations. First, prediction models for single- and multi-stage blades were established based on Bernoulli’s Equation. The design requirement of the blade for high-temperature geothermal drilling in granite was proposed. A Φ89 blade was developed based on the dimensionless parameter method and Bezier curve; the parameters of the blade, including its radial size, symotric parameters, and blade profiles, were input into ANASYS and CFX to establish a calculation model of the single-stage blade. The optimization of the blade structure of the small-diameter turbodrill enabled a multistage turbodrill model to be established and the turbodrill’s overall output performance to be predicted. The results demonstrate that the design can meet the turbodrill’s performance requirements and that the multistage model can effectively improve the accuracy of the prediction.

ACS Style

Yu Wang; Bairu Xia; Zhi-Qiao Wang; Liguang Wang; Qin Zhou. Design and Output Performance Model of Turbodrill Blade Used in a Slim Borehole. Energies 2016, 9, 1035 .

AMA Style

Yu Wang, Bairu Xia, Zhi-Qiao Wang, Liguang Wang, Qin Zhou. Design and Output Performance Model of Turbodrill Blade Used in a Slim Borehole. Energies. 2016; 9 (12):1035.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Wang; Bairu Xia; Zhi-Qiao Wang; Liguang Wang; Qin Zhou. 2016. "Design and Output Performance Model of Turbodrill Blade Used in a Slim Borehole." Energies 9, no. 12: 1035.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2008 in Earth Science Frontiers
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The Borehole Hydraulic Coal Mining System (BHCMS) causes fragmentation of coal seams and removes coal slump through a drilled hole using high-pressure water jet. Then the mixture of coal and water as slurry are driven out of the borehole by hydraulic or air-lifting method, and are separated at the surface. This paper presents a case study of hydraulic borehole coal mining. The three key techniques of the BHCMS, namely, hydraulic lift of jet pump, air lift, and water jet disintegration are discussed and analyzed in this paper based on theoretical analysis and field experiments. Some useful findings have been obtained: (1) The design of jet pump, air lift system, and water jet has to be integrated appropriately in order to improve mining efficiency and coal recovery rate, and to decrease energy consumption. The design of hydraulic lift jet pump must meet the requirement of the minimum floating speed of coal particles. The optimization of nondimensional parameters and prevention of cavitation have to be considered in the design; (2) With regard to selecting the nozzle types of jet pump, center nozzle or annular nozzle can be selected according to the size of the removed particles; (3) Through air-lift and back pressure, the water head can be decreased to improve the lift capacity of jet pump and decrease the power loss. The air lift has great limitation if it is used solely to extract coal, but if it is employed in conjunction with jet pump, the lift capacity of jet pump can be increased greatly; (4) With water jets, the air lift can improve the fragmentation radius and capacity. The main factors that affect the effect of water jet are the submergible status of jet, jet pressure, and flowrate. The ideal jet of the monitor in the borehole hydraulic coal-mining system is a nonsubmergible free jet. Through air lift, the nonsubmergible free jet can be set up in the mining hole.

ACS Style

Bairu Xia; Xiping Zeng; Zhixin Mao. Research on One Borehole Hydraulic Coal Mining System. Earth Science Frontiers 2008, 15, 222 -226.

AMA Style

Bairu Xia, Xiping Zeng, Zhixin Mao. Research on One Borehole Hydraulic Coal Mining System. Earth Science Frontiers. 2008; 15 (4):222-226.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bairu Xia; Xiping Zeng; Zhixin Mao. 2008. "Research on One Borehole Hydraulic Coal Mining System." Earth Science Frontiers 15, no. 4: 222-226.