This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
Nowadays, the high demand for village chickens in Malaysia leads to the fraudulent substitution of indigenous chickens with other cheaper counterparts. Discriminating different chicken breeds based on their phenotypic characteristics is one strategy to avoid chicken adulteration. The main objective of this study was to authenticate and group dominant chicken breeds in Malaysia, including commercial chickens (Cobb, Hubbard, DeKalb) and cross-bred village chickens (Ayam Kampung, Akar Putra). The further discrimination of village chickens from underaged colored broilers (UCBs) (Hubbard, Sasso) was performed based on phenotype traits. The results showed that the breed had a significant effect (p< 0.05) on phenotypic characteristics, while the sex effect was not significant for some characteristics. In the first phase, the most remarkable discriminating factors were abdominal fat weight, breast muscle weight, chest circumference, shank length, and wingspan. However, in the second phase, notable variations in phenotypic characteristics between village chickens and UCBs were not detected. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the successful separation of village chickens from high-performance breeds (broiler and colored broiler). Nevertheless, there was overlap among observations for Sasso and village chickens, which approved the possible similarities in their phenotypic characteristics. This study showed clear breed clustering, which leads to the chicken authentication based on their phenotypic characteristics.
Sara Nematbakhsh; Jinap Selamat; Lokman Idris; Ahmad Abdull Razis. Chicken Authentication and Discrimination via Live Weight, Body Size, Carcass Traits, and Breast Muscle Fat Content Clustering as Affected by Breed and Sex Varieties in Malaysia. Foods 2021, 10, 1575 .
AMA StyleSara Nematbakhsh, Jinap Selamat, Lokman Idris, Ahmad Abdull Razis. Chicken Authentication and Discrimination via Live Weight, Body Size, Carcass Traits, and Breast Muscle Fat Content Clustering as Affected by Breed and Sex Varieties in Malaysia. Foods. 2021; 10 (7):1575.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Nematbakhsh; Jinap Selamat; Lokman Idris; Ahmad Abdull Razis. 2021. "Chicken Authentication and Discrimination via Live Weight, Body Size, Carcass Traits, and Breast Muscle Fat Content Clustering as Affected by Breed and Sex Varieties in Malaysia." Foods 10, no. 7: 1575.
This study aims to evaluate the influence of Vitamin A and E homologues toward acrylamide in equimolar asparagine-glucose model system. Vitamin A homologue as β-carotene (BC) and five Vitamin E homologues, i.e., α-tocopherol (AT), δ-tocopherol (DT), α-tocotrienol (ATT), γ-tocotrienol (GTT), and δ-tocotrienol (DTT), were tested at different concentrations (1 and 10 µmol) and subjected to heating at 160 °C for 20 min before acrylamide quantification. At lower concentrations (1 µmol; 431, 403, 411 ppm, respectively), AT, DT, and GTT significantly increase acrylamide. Except for DT, enhancing concentration to 10 µmol (5370, 4310, 4250, 3970, and 4110 ppm, respectively) caused significant acrylamide formation. From linear regression model, acrylamide concentration demonstrated significant depreciation over concentration increase in AT (Beta = −83.0, R2 = 0.652, p ≤ 0.05) and DT (Beta = −71.6, R2 = 0.930, p ≤ 0.05). This study indicates that different Vitamin A and E homologue concentrations could determine their functionality either as antioxidants or pro-oxidants.
Su Kuek; Azmil Tarmizi; Raznim Abd Razak; Selamat Jinap; Maimunah Sanny. Vitamin A and E Homologues Impacting the Fate of Acrylamide in Equimolar Asparagine-Glucose Model System. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 993 .
AMA StyleSu Kuek, Azmil Tarmizi, Raznim Abd Razak, Selamat Jinap, Maimunah Sanny. Vitamin A and E Homologues Impacting the Fate of Acrylamide in Equimolar Asparagine-Glucose Model System. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (7):993.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSu Kuek; Azmil Tarmizi; Raznim Abd Razak; Selamat Jinap; Maimunah Sanny. 2021. "Vitamin A and E Homologues Impacting the Fate of Acrylamide in Equimolar Asparagine-Glucose Model System." Antioxidants 10, no. 7: 993.
Rice is a worldwide staple food and heavy metal contamination is often reported in rice production. Heavy metal can originate from natural sources or be present through anthropogenic contamination. Therefore, this review summarizes the current status of heavy metal contamination in paddy soil and plants, highlighting the mechanism of uptake, bioaccumulation, and health risk assessment. A scoping search employing Google Scholar, Science Direct, Research Gate, Scopus, and Wiley Online was carried out to build up the review using the following keywords: heavy metals, absorption, translocation, accumulation, uptake, biotransformation, rice, and human risk with no restrictions being placed on the year of study. Cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) have been identified as the most prevalent metals in rice cultivation. Mining and irrigation activities are primary sources, but chemical fertilizer and pesticide usage also contribute to heavy metal contamination of paddy soil worldwide. Further to their adverse effect on the paddy ecosystem by reducing the soil fertility and grain yield, heavy metal contamination represents a risk to human health. An in-depth discussion is further offered on health risk assessments by quantitative measurement to identify potential risk towards heavy metal exposure via rice consumption, which consisted of in vitro digestion models through a vital ingestion portion of rice.
Zuliana Zakaria; Nur Zulkafflee; Nurul Mohd Redzuan; Jinap Selamat; Mohd Ismail; Sarva Praveena; Gergely Tóth; Ahmad Abdull Razis. Understanding Potential Heavy Metal Contamination, Absorption, Translocation and Accumulation in Rice and Human Health Risks. Plants 2021, 10, 1070 .
AMA StyleZuliana Zakaria, Nur Zulkafflee, Nurul Mohd Redzuan, Jinap Selamat, Mohd Ismail, Sarva Praveena, Gergely Tóth, Ahmad Abdull Razis. Understanding Potential Heavy Metal Contamination, Absorption, Translocation and Accumulation in Rice and Human Health Risks. Plants. 2021; 10 (6):1070.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZuliana Zakaria; Nur Zulkafflee; Nurul Mohd Redzuan; Jinap Selamat; Mohd Ismail; Sarva Praveena; Gergely Tóth; Ahmad Abdull Razis. 2021. "Understanding Potential Heavy Metal Contamination, Absorption, Translocation and Accumulation in Rice and Human Health Risks." Plants 10, no. 6: 1070.
Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides (either DNA or RNA) that can fold into well-defined three-dimensional (3D) spatial structures which enable them to capture their specific target by complementary shape interactions. Aptamers are selected from large random libraries through the SELEX process and only a small fraction of the sequence is involved in direct docking with the target. In this paper, we describe the possible truncation variants of zearalenone (ZEA) aptamer which might be an effective binding region for the target. The originally selected zearalenone (ZEA) aptamer was 80-mer in length and shown to bind the target with a high affinity (Kd = 41 ± 5 nM). Herein, computational docking simulation was performed with 15 truncated variants to determine the predicted binding energy and responsible binding site of the aptamer-analyte complex. The results revealed that 5 truncated variants had binding energy lower than − 7.0 kcal/mol. Circular dichroism analysis was performed on the shortlisted aptamer and the conformational change of aptamers was observed with the presence of an analyte. Aptamer Z3IN (29-mer) was chosen as the most enhanced affinity for its target with a dissociation constant of 11.77 ± 1.44 nM. The aptamer was further applied in the electrochemical aptasensor of ZEA based on an indirect competitive format. The results demonstrated that the truncated aptamer leads to an enhancement of the sensitivity of the biosensor.
Farah Asilah Azri; Jinap Selamat; Rashidah Sukor; Nor Azah Yusof; Nurul Hanun Ahmad Raston; Shimaa Eissa; Mohammed Zourob; Raja Chinnappan. Determination of minimal sequence for zearalenone aptamer by computational docking and application on an indirect competitive electrochemical aptasensor. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2021, 413, 3861 -3872.
AMA StyleFarah Asilah Azri, Jinap Selamat, Rashidah Sukor, Nor Azah Yusof, Nurul Hanun Ahmad Raston, Shimaa Eissa, Mohammed Zourob, Raja Chinnappan. Determination of minimal sequence for zearalenone aptamer by computational docking and application on an indirect competitive electrochemical aptasensor. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 2021; 413 (15):3861-3872.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarah Asilah Azri; Jinap Selamat; Rashidah Sukor; Nor Azah Yusof; Nurul Hanun Ahmad Raston; Shimaa Eissa; Mohammed Zourob; Raja Chinnappan. 2021. "Determination of minimal sequence for zearalenone aptamer by computational docking and application on an indirect competitive electrochemical aptasensor." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 413, no. 15: 3861-3872.
Rice bran, a by-product of the rice milling process, has emerged as a functional food and being used in formulation of healthy food and drinks. However, rice bran is often contaminated with numerous mycotoxins. In this study, a method to simultaneous detection of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2), sterigmatocystin (STG), T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and zearalenone (ZEA) in rice bran was developed, optimized and validated using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In DLLME, using a solvent mixture of methanol/water (80:20, v/v) as the dispersive solvent and chloroform as the extraction solvent with the addition of 5% salt improved the extraction recoveries (63–120%). The developed method was further optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box–Behnken Design (BBD). Under the optimized experimental conditions, good linearity was obtained with a correlation coefficient (r 2) ≥ 0.990 and a limit of detection (LOD) between 0.5 to 50 ng g−1. The recoveries ranged from 70.2% to 99.4% with an RSD below 1.28%. The proposed method was successfully applied to analyze multi-mycotoxin in 24 rice bran samples.
Sofiyatul Salim; Rashidah Sukor; Mohd Ismail; Jinap Selamat. Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) and LC-MS/MS Analysis for Multi-Mycotoxin in Rice Bran: Method Development, Optimization and Validation. Toxins 2021, 13, 280 .
AMA StyleSofiyatul Salim, Rashidah Sukor, Mohd Ismail, Jinap Selamat. Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) and LC-MS/MS Analysis for Multi-Mycotoxin in Rice Bran: Method Development, Optimization and Validation. Toxins. 2021; 13 (4):280.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSofiyatul Salim; Rashidah Sukor; Mohd Ismail; Jinap Selamat. 2021. "Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) and LC-MS/MS Analysis for Multi-Mycotoxin in Rice Bran: Method Development, Optimization and Validation." Toxins 13, no. 4: 280.
In the poultry industry, excessive fat deposition is considered an undesirable factor, affecting feed efficiency, meat production cost, meat quality, and consumer’s health. Efforts to reduce fat deposition in economically important animals, such as chicken, can be made through different strategies; including genetic selection, feeding strategies, housing, and environmental strategies, as well as hormone supplementation. Recent investigations at the molecular level have revealed the significant role of the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory networks and their interaction on modulating fat metabolism in chickens. At the transcriptional level, different transcription factors are known to regulate the expression of lipogenic and adipogenic genes through various signaling pathways, affecting chicken fat metabolism. Alternatively, at the post-transcriptional level, the regulatory mechanism of microRNAs (miRNAs) on lipid metabolism and deposition has added a promising dimension to understand the structural and functional regulatory mechanism of lipid metabolism in chicken. Therefore, this review focuses on the progress made in unraveling the molecular function of genes, transcription factors, and more notably significant miRNAs responsible for regulating adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and fat deposition in chicken. Moreover, a better understanding of the molecular regulation of lipid metabolism will give researchers novel insights to use functional molecular markers, such as miRNAs, for selection against excessive fat deposition to improve chicken production efficiency and meat quality.
Sara Nematbakhsh; Chong Pei Pei; Jinap Selamat; Noordiana Nordin; Lokman Idris; Ahmad Abdull Razis. Molecular Regulation of Lipogenesis, Adipogenesis and Fat Deposition in Chicken. Genes 2021, 12, 414 .
AMA StyleSara Nematbakhsh, Chong Pei Pei, Jinap Selamat, Noordiana Nordin, Lokman Idris, Ahmad Abdull Razis. Molecular Regulation of Lipogenesis, Adipogenesis and Fat Deposition in Chicken. Genes. 2021; 12 (3):414.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Nematbakhsh; Chong Pei Pei; Jinap Selamat; Noordiana Nordin; Lokman Idris; Ahmad Abdull Razis. 2021. "Molecular Regulation of Lipogenesis, Adipogenesis and Fat Deposition in Chicken." Genes 12, no. 3: 414.
Malaysia has begun to locally mass-cultivate grain corn to reduce import dependency for animal feed industries. Since the Malaysian tropical climate constantly exposes grain corn to fungal colonization and mycotoxin production by mycotoxigenic species, it is, therefore, important to investigate the presence of fungal species, especially the mycotoxigenic strains in the Malaysian grain corn agroecosystem. In the present work, corn kernel, tassel, plant debris, and soil were collected from two pioneer grain corn farms (Kampong Dadong, KD; Rhu Tapai, RT), and morphological and molecular identifications were conducted. A total of 131 fungal isolates from 30 fungal species were recovered. Both KD and RT yielded log 4.7–6.7 CFU/g total fungal loads. Fusarium verticillioides was predominant in both farms, followed by the phytopathogenic Lasiodiplodia theobromae and the mycotoxigenic Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, F. incarnatum, and F. proliferatum. Mycotoxin analyses by high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that among 30 mycotoxigenic isolates tested for aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, HT-2, T-2, ochratoxins A, and zearalenone, approximately 25 of the isolates could produce at least one mycotoxin in vitro. The present work serves as a baseline for more comprehensive research to better predict and control fungal contamination and the subsequent mycotoxin accumulation in Malaysian grain corn agroecosystems.
Siti Yazid; Wan Ng; Jinap Selamat; Siti Ismail; Nik Samsudin. Diversity and Toxigenicity of Mycobiota in Grain Corn: A Case Study at Pioneer Grain Corn Plantations in Terengganu, Malaysia. Agriculture 2021, 11, 237 .
AMA StyleSiti Yazid, Wan Ng, Jinap Selamat, Siti Ismail, Nik Samsudin. Diversity and Toxigenicity of Mycobiota in Grain Corn: A Case Study at Pioneer Grain Corn Plantations in Terengganu, Malaysia. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (3):237.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiti Yazid; Wan Ng; Jinap Selamat; Siti Ismail; Nik Samsudin. 2021. "Diversity and Toxigenicity of Mycobiota in Grain Corn: A Case Study at Pioneer Grain Corn Plantations in Terengganu, Malaysia." Agriculture 11, no. 3: 237.
This study aims to investigate the effect of different vegetable oils and frying cycles on acrylamide formation during the intermittent frying of beef nuggets. Different vegetable oils, palm olein (PO), red palm olein (RPO), sunflower oil (SFO), and soybean oil (SBO), were used for a total of 80 frying cycles. Oil was collected at every 16th frying cycle and analyzed for peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (p-AV), free fatty acid (FFA), total polar compound (TPC), polar compound fractions, and fatty acid composition (FAC). Total oxidation (TOTOX) value was calculated, and acrylamide content was quantified in the nuggets. Regardless of the oil type, PV, p-AV, and TOTOX initially increased but gradually decreased. However, FFA and TPC continued to develop across the 80 frying cycles. The C18:2/C16:0 remained almost unchanged in PO and RPO but dropped progressively in SFO and SBO. The lowest acrylamide content in fried products was observed in the PO, while the highest content was observed in RPO. Bivariate correlation analysis showed no significant (p ≤ 0.05) correlation between oil quality attributes and acrylamide concentration. The oil type but not the frying cycle significantly affected the acrylamide concentration in beef nuggets.
Siti Ahmad; Azmil Tarmizi; Raznim Razak; Selamat Jinap; Saparin Norliza; Rabiha Sulaiman; Maimunah Sanny. Selection of Vegetable Oils and Frying Cycles Influencing Acrylamide Formation in the Intermittently Fried Beef Nuggets. Foods 2021, 10, 257 .
AMA StyleSiti Ahmad, Azmil Tarmizi, Raznim Razak, Selamat Jinap, Saparin Norliza, Rabiha Sulaiman, Maimunah Sanny. Selection of Vegetable Oils and Frying Cycles Influencing Acrylamide Formation in the Intermittently Fried Beef Nuggets. Foods. 2021; 10 (2):257.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiti Ahmad; Azmil Tarmizi; Raznim Razak; Selamat Jinap; Saparin Norliza; Rabiha Sulaiman; Maimunah Sanny. 2021. "Selection of Vegetable Oils and Frying Cycles Influencing Acrylamide Formation in the Intermittently Fried Beef Nuggets." Foods 10, no. 2: 257.
Heavy metals from natural and anthropogenic sources accumulate in soil and plants and as a consequence represent important environmental contamination problems. Nevertheless, food safety issues and adverse health risks make this one of the most serious environmental issues. The aim of the present study was to assess heavy metal contamination in the paddy plants from the northern area of Malaysia using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) and its risk assessment. In total, the heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb) of the samples of paddy plants harvested from Kedah areas were extracted using an acid digestion method, while the heavy metals for soil samples using ammonium acetate. The heavy metal concentrations were then analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The enrichment (EF) and translocation factors (TF) of heavy metals were calculated, and health risk assessment (HRA) was performed. The EF values for heavy metals from the soil to roots, roots to stems, stems to leaves, and stems to grains followed the order Cu > As > Cr > Cd > Pb, whereas Cr and Pb were characterized by greater TF values from stem to grain than the other elements. The average daily dose (ADD) for both children and adults is below the safe value intake for each of the studied elements. The combined hazard index (HI) of five elements was beyond the acceptable value (HI >1). The carcinogenic risk, as exemplified by lifetime cancer risk (LCR), indicated that single exposure to As or Cr, in both adults and children, was greater than 10−4. The total cancer risk (CRt) resulting from multiple exposure to carcinogenic elements exceeded the acceptable value (CRt >1 ×10−4) in both adults and children. Overall, exposure to heavy metals through rice consumption poses potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to the local residents in the northern area; thus, regular monitoring of pollution in the area is crucial.
Nur Syahirah Zulkafflee; Nurul Adillah Mohd Redzuan; Jinap Selamat; Mohd Razi Ismail; Sarva Mangala Praveena; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Plants at the Northern Region of Malaysia Using ICPMS and Its Risk Assessment. Plants 2020, 10, 3 .
AMA StyleNur Syahirah Zulkafflee, Nurul Adillah Mohd Redzuan, Jinap Selamat, Mohd Razi Ismail, Sarva Mangala Praveena, Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis. Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Plants at the Northern Region of Malaysia Using ICPMS and Its Risk Assessment. Plants. 2020; 10 (1):3.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNur Syahirah Zulkafflee; Nurul Adillah Mohd Redzuan; Jinap Selamat; Mohd Razi Ismail; Sarva Mangala Praveena; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis. 2020. "Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Plants at the Northern Region of Malaysia Using ICPMS and Its Risk Assessment." Plants 10, no. 1: 3.
We present a new approach for the detection of αs1-casein, a milk allergen, using tapered optical fiber sensor. The single-mode optical fiber of 125 μm diameter was tapered to produce waist diameter and length of 12 μm and 15 mm, respectively. The fiber sensor was functionalized using sodium hydroxide, (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde to the tapered region. Anti-peptide polyclonal antibody from N-terminal sequence of αs1-casein was immobilized onto the tapered region, which subsequently bound to the introduced targeted αs1-casein. Measurement of transmission spectrum was performed within the wavelength range of 1500-1600 nm. Results showed that the shift of the wavelength in the fabricated sensor was linearly proportional to the increment of αs1-casein from 0.1 to 1.0 nM. The sensitivity of the sensor towards αs1-casein was measured at 1.139 nm/nM. Specificity was validated using bovine α-casein as a negative control with no significant wavelength shift. The sensor was tested using goat milk sample in three different dilutions to illustrate the applicability of the sensor in food matrices.
Aliah Zannierah Mohsin; Rashidah Sukor; Yasmin Mustapha-Kamil; Liyana Shatar; Jinap Selamat; Anis Shobirin Meor-Hussin; Intan Hakimah Ismail; Mohd Adzir Mahdi. Sensitive Detection of Goat αs1-Casein Using Tapered Optical Fiber Sensor. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 2020, 27, 1 -7.
AMA StyleAliah Zannierah Mohsin, Rashidah Sukor, Yasmin Mustapha-Kamil, Liyana Shatar, Jinap Selamat, Anis Shobirin Meor-Hussin, Intan Hakimah Ismail, Mohd Adzir Mahdi. Sensitive Detection of Goat αs1-Casein Using Tapered Optical Fiber Sensor. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. 2020; 27 (4):1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAliah Zannierah Mohsin; Rashidah Sukor; Yasmin Mustapha-Kamil; Liyana Shatar; Jinap Selamat; Anis Shobirin Meor-Hussin; Intan Hakimah Ismail; Mohd Adzir Mahdi. 2020. "Sensitive Detection of Goat αs1-Casein Using Tapered Optical Fiber Sensor." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 27, no. 4: 1-7.
The provision of safe products from the meat industry has been considered as the major source of protein for maintaining human health. Meat-borne outbreaks are mainly due to Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens), reducing the shelf life and consumer demands. A variety of vulnerable substances, including cholesterol oxidation products (COPs), are generated by the oxidation of meat induced by the microbial infestations. The use of certain biodegradable active packaging, including pullulan active packaging, is being focused by the meat industry due to their safety, stability, and negligible health risks. The potential of pullulan active packaging, incorporated with silver nanoparticles and essential oils, against E. coli, S. typhimurium, Mycoplasma, and other bacterial species is exclusive. Similarly, maintenance of organoleptic properties of meat with nominal oxidative rancidity and limited human health issues can be acquired by pullulan active packaging.
Muhammad Jamshed Khan; Suriya Kumari; Jinap Selamat; Kamyar Shameli; Awis Qurni Sazili. Reducing Meat Perishability through Pullulan Active Packaging. Journal of Food Quality 2020, 2020, 1 -10.
AMA StyleMuhammad Jamshed Khan, Suriya Kumari, Jinap Selamat, Kamyar Shameli, Awis Qurni Sazili. Reducing Meat Perishability through Pullulan Active Packaging. Journal of Food Quality. 2020; 2020 ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Jamshed Khan; Suriya Kumari; Jinap Selamat; Kamyar Shameli; Awis Qurni Sazili. 2020. "Reducing Meat Perishability through Pullulan Active Packaging." Journal of Food Quality 2020, no. : 1-10.
Honey is characterized as a natural and raw foodstuff that can be consumed not only as a sweetener but also as medicine due to its therapeutic impact on human health. It is prone to adulterants caused by humans that manipulate the quality of honey. Although honey consumption has remarkably increased in the last few years all around the world, the safety of honey is not assessed and monitored regularly. Since the number of consumers of honey adulteration have increased in recent years, their trust and interest in this valuable product has decreased. Honey adulterants are any substances that are added to the pure honey. In this regard, this paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of the different types of adulteration, common sugar adulterants and detection methods, and draws a clear perspective toward the impact of honey adulteration on human health. Adulteration increases the consumer’s blood sugar, which can cause diabetes, abdominal weight gain, and obesity, raise the level of blood lipids and can cause high blood pressure. The most common organ affected by honey adulterants is the liver followed by the kidney, heart, and brain, as shown in several in vivo research designs.
Rafieh Fakhlaei; Jinap Selamat; Alfi Khatib; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis; Rashidah Sukor; Syahida Ahmad; Arman Amani Babadi. The Toxic Impact of Honey Adulteration: A Review. Foods 2020, 9, 1538 .
AMA StyleRafieh Fakhlaei, Jinap Selamat, Alfi Khatib, Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, Rashidah Sukor, Syahida Ahmad, Arman Amani Babadi. The Toxic Impact of Honey Adulteration: A Review. Foods. 2020; 9 (11):1538.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafieh Fakhlaei; Jinap Selamat; Alfi Khatib; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis; Rashidah Sukor; Syahida Ahmad; Arman Amani Babadi. 2020. "The Toxic Impact of Honey Adulteration: A Review." Foods 9, no. 11: 1538.
BACKGROUND Corn, a main feed ingredient in the livestock industry, is one of the most susceptible crops to fungal infection and aflatoxin contamination. Livestock feeding on aflatoxin‐contaminated feed have been shown to cause feed refusal, and decreased growth rate, milk production and feed efficiency. In poultry, aflatoxin poisoning causes weight loss, poor feed efficiency, and reduced egg production and egg weight. Therefore, the present work was conducted to determine the prevalence of mycotoxigenic fungi and the occurrence of AF contamination along the integrated corn‐based poultry feed supply chain in Malaysia. A total of 51 samples were collected from different points along the feed supply chain from integrated poultry feed companies. The samples were subjected to mycological analyses (fungal isolation, enumeration, identification), and aflatoxins were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography equipped with fluorescence detector (HPLC‐FLD). RESULTS Samples collected from Sampling Point 1 (company A) and Sampling Point 9 (company B) yielded the highest total fungal load (> log 4 CFU g−1). The prevalent fungal genera isolated were Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium spp. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 8.3% of corn samples, and 7.4% of corn‐based poultry feed samples along the feed supply chain, whereas aflatoxins B2, G1, and G2 were not detected. CONCLUSION The incidence of mycotoxigenic fungi along the integrated poultry feed supply chain warrant the need for continuous monitoring of mycotoxin contamination to reduce the exposure risk of mycotoxin intake in poultry. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Norafidah Nasaruddin; Selamat Jinap; Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin; Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman; Maimunah Sanny. Prevalence of mycotoxigenic fungi and assessment of aflatoxin contamination: a multiple case study along the integrated corn‐based poultry feed supply chain in Malaysia. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2020, 101, 1812 -1821.
AMA StyleNorafidah Nasaruddin, Selamat Jinap, Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin, Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman, Maimunah Sanny. Prevalence of mycotoxigenic fungi and assessment of aflatoxin contamination: a multiple case study along the integrated corn‐based poultry feed supply chain in Malaysia. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2020; 101 (5):1812-1821.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNorafidah Nasaruddin; Selamat Jinap; Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin; Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman; Maimunah Sanny. 2020. "Prevalence of mycotoxigenic fungi and assessment of aflatoxin contamination: a multiple case study along the integrated corn‐based poultry feed supply chain in Malaysia." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 101, no. 5: 1812-1821.
The effects of honey-spices marination on simultaneous formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in gas-grilled beef satay were investigated at different grilling temperatures (150 °C, 250 °C, and 350 °C). Beef satay samples used in this study were prepared using two types of honey-spices marination (Apis mellifera-spices and Trigona sp.-spices). Quantifications of fifteen PAHs using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and nine HCAs using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) were performed with gradient programme. Results on PAHs and HCAs in marinated samples were compared with control. Highest concentrations (p < 0.05) of PAHs (marinated beef satay) and HCAs (control) were detected at 350 °C. The most prominent PAH and HCA were phenanthrene (24.61–84.36 ng/g) and 9H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole (Norharman) (2.67–393.89 ng/g). Marination significantly (p < 0.05) reduced naphthalene, fluorene, pyrene, 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC), 1-methyl-9H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole (Harman), and Norharman in gas-grilled beef satay across all temperatures. Overall, inverse quantitative profiles of PAHs and HCAs formation were observed in marinated gas-grilled beef satay.
A. K. Nor Hasyimah; S. Jinap; M. Sanny; A. I. Ainaatul; R. Sukor; N. N. Jambari; N. Nordin; M. H. A. Jahurul. Effects of Honey-Spices Marination on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heterocyclic Amines Formation in Gas-Grilled Beef Satay. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 2020, 1 -29.
AMA StyleA. K. Nor Hasyimah, S. Jinap, M. Sanny, A. I. Ainaatul, R. Sukor, N. N. Jambari, N. Nordin, M. H. A. Jahurul. Effects of Honey-Spices Marination on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heterocyclic Amines Formation in Gas-Grilled Beef Satay. Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. 2020; ():1-29.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. K. Nor Hasyimah; S. Jinap; M. Sanny; A. I. Ainaatul; R. Sukor; N. N. Jambari; N. Nordin; M. H. A. Jahurul. 2020. "Effects of Honey-Spices Marination on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heterocyclic Amines Formation in Gas-Grilled Beef Satay." Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds , no. : 1-29.
Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are carcinogenic food toxicants formed in cooked meats, which may increase the risk of cancer development in humans. Therefore, in this study, the effect of stingless bee honey from different botanical origins on the formation of HCAs in grilled beef satay was investigated. HCAs concentration in grilled beef satay was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In total, six of the most toxigenic HCAs representing aminoimidazo-azaarenes (AIAs) (MeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx, and PhIP) and amino carbolines (norharman, harman, and AαC) groups were identified in all the beef samples investigated. A significant reduction in HCAs was observed in grilled beef marinated in honey as compared to beef samples marinated in table sugar (control), in which the reduction of 95.14%, 88.45%, 85.65%, and 57.22% was observed in gelam, starfruit, acacia, and Apis honey marinades, respectively. According to the partial least squares regression (PLS) model, the inhibition of HCAs in grilled beef was shown to be significantly correlated to the antioxidant activity (IC50) of the honey samples. Therefore, the results of this study revealed that the addition of stingless bee honey could play an important role in reducing HCAs in grilled beef.
Sharina Shamsudin; Jinap Selamat; Maimunah Sanny; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Rashidah Sukor; Sarva Mangala Praveena; Alfi Khatib. The Inhibitory Effects of Heterotrigona Itama Honey Marinades on the Formation of Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Amines in Grilled Beef Satay. Molecules 2020, 25, 3874 .
AMA StyleSharina Shamsudin, Jinap Selamat, Maimunah Sanny, Nuzul Noorahya Jambari, Rashidah Sukor, Sarva Mangala Praveena, Alfi Khatib. The Inhibitory Effects of Heterotrigona Itama Honey Marinades on the Formation of Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Amines in Grilled Beef Satay. Molecules. 2020; 25 (17):3874.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharina Shamsudin; Jinap Selamat; Maimunah Sanny; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Rashidah Sukor; Sarva Mangala Praveena; Alfi Khatib. 2020. "The Inhibitory Effects of Heterotrigona Itama Honey Marinades on the Formation of Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Amines in Grilled Beef Satay." Molecules 25, no. 17: 3874.
Aspergillus flavus is the predominant species that produce aflatoxins in stored peanuts under favourable conditions. This study aimed to describe the growth and aflatoxin production by two A. flavus strains isolated from imported raw peanuts and to model the effects of temperature and aw on their colony growth rate as a function of temperature and aw in Peanut Meal Extract Agar (PMEA). A full factorial design with seven aw levels (0.85–0.98 aw) and five temperature levels (20–40 °C) was used to investigate the growth and aflatoxin production. Colony diameter was measured daily for 28 days while AFB1 and total aflatoxin were determined on day 3, 7, 14, and 21. The maximum colony growth rate, μmax (mm/day) was estimated by using the primary model of Baranyi, and the μmax was then fitted to the secondary model; second-order polynomial and linear Arrhenius-Davey to describe the colony growth rate as a function of temperature and aw. The results indicated that both strains failed to grow at temperature of 20 °C with aw <0.94 and aw of 0.85 for all temperatures except 30 °C. The highest growth rate was observed at 30 °C, with 0.98 aw for both strains. The analysis of variance showed a significant effect of strain, temperature, and aw on the fungal growth and aflatoxin production (p < 0.05). Furthermore, both secondary models were in good agreement with the observed μmax. However, the polynomial model was found to be a better predictor of the experimental data. A similar pattern was observed in aflatoxin production but in a narrower range of temperature (25–35 °C) and aw (0.92–0.98 aw). The highest production of aflatoxins was observed on day 21 at 30 °C with the aw level of 0.98 for both strains. Overall, the current findings may help in improving the mycotoxin management and intervention strategies in peanuts, especially during storage.
Mahror Norlia; Selamat Jinap; Mahmud Ab. Rashid Nor-Khaizura; Son Radu; Joshua Mark John; Mohd Azuar Hamizan Rahman; Mshelia Ladi Peter; Zawiyah Sharif. Modelling the effect of temperature and water activity on the growth rate of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production in peanut meal extract agar. International Journal of Food Microbiology 2020, 335, 108836 .
AMA StyleMahror Norlia, Selamat Jinap, Mahmud Ab. Rashid Nor-Khaizura, Son Radu, Joshua Mark John, Mohd Azuar Hamizan Rahman, Mshelia Ladi Peter, Zawiyah Sharif. Modelling the effect of temperature and water activity on the growth rate of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production in peanut meal extract agar. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2020; 335 ():108836.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahror Norlia; Selamat Jinap; Mahmud Ab. Rashid Nor-Khaizura; Son Radu; Joshua Mark John; Mohd Azuar Hamizan Rahman; Mshelia Ladi Peter; Zawiyah Sharif. 2020. "Modelling the effect of temperature and water activity on the growth rate of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production in peanut meal extract agar." International Journal of Food Microbiology 335, no. : 108836.
Climate change is primarily manifested by elevated temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and is projected to provide suitable cultivation grounds for pests and pathogens in the otherwise unsuitable regions. The impacts of climate change have been predicted in many parts of the world, which could threaten global food safety and food security. The aim of the present work was therefore to examine the interacting effects of water activity (aw) (0.92, 0.95, 0.98 aw), CO2 (400, 800, 1200 ppm) and temperature (30, 35 °C and 30, 33 °C for Fusarium verticillioides and F. graminearum, respectively) on fungal growth and mycotoxin production of acclimatised isolates of F. verticillioides and F. graminearum isolated from maize. To determine fungal growth, the colony diameters were measured on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. The mycotoxins produced were quantified using a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (QTOF-MS) combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system. For F. verticillioides, the optimum conditions for growth of fumonisin B1 (FB1), and fumonisin B2 (FB2) were 30 °C + 0.98 aw + 400 ppm CO2. These conditions were also optimum for F. graminearum growth, and zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) production. Since 30 °C and 400 ppm CO2 were the baseline treatments, it was hence concluded that the elevated temperature and CO2 levels tested did not seem to significantly impact fungal growth and mycotoxin production of acclimatised Fusarium isolates. To the best of our knowledge thus far, the present work described for the first time the effects of simulated climate change conditions on fungal growth and mycotoxin production of acclimatised isolates of F. verticillioides and F. graminearum.
Ladi Peter Mshelia; Jinap Selamat; Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin; Mohd Y. Rafii; Noor-Azira Abdul Mutalib; Noordiana Nordin; Franz Berthiller. Effect of Temperature, Water Activity and Carbon Dioxide on Fungal Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Acclimatised Isolates of Fusarium verticillioides and F. graminearum. Toxins 2020, 12, 478 .
AMA StyleLadi Peter Mshelia, Jinap Selamat, Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin, Mohd Y. Rafii, Noor-Azira Abdul Mutalib, Noordiana Nordin, Franz Berthiller. Effect of Temperature, Water Activity and Carbon Dioxide on Fungal Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Acclimatised Isolates of Fusarium verticillioides and F. graminearum. Toxins. 2020; 12 (8):478.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLadi Peter Mshelia; Jinap Selamat; Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin; Mohd Y. Rafii; Noor-Azira Abdul Mutalib; Noordiana Nordin; Franz Berthiller. 2020. "Effect of Temperature, Water Activity and Carbon Dioxide on Fungal Growth and Mycotoxin Production of Acclimatised Isolates of Fusarium verticillioides and F. graminearum." Toxins 12, no. 8: 478.
A total of 133 samples of whole wheat and barley grains and wheat and barley flour collected from retail markets in the main cities of Punjab, Pakistan, were analyzed for the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Of these samples, 120 (90%) were positive for FB1, and 75 (63%) of the 120 positive samples had FB1 concentrations higher than the European Union maximum (200 μg/kg). The limit of detection was 4 μg/kg. The highest mean (±SD) concentration of FB1 was found in whole wheat samples, 980.5 ± 211.4 μg/kg. The calculated dietary intakes of FB1 from wheat and barley flours were 4,456 and 503.7 ng/g of body weight per day, respectively. HIGHLIGHTS
Shahzad Zafar Iqbal; Baber Rehman; Jinap Selamat; Nadia Akram; Mirza Nadeem Ahmad; Maimuniah Sanny; Rashidah Sukor; Nik Iskandar Samsudin. Assessment of Fumonisin B1 Concentrations in Wheat and Barley Products in the Punjab Region of Pakistan. Journal of Food Protection 2020, 83, 1284 -1288.
AMA StyleShahzad Zafar Iqbal, Baber Rehman, Jinap Selamat, Nadia Akram, Mirza Nadeem Ahmad, Maimuniah Sanny, Rashidah Sukor, Nik Iskandar Samsudin. Assessment of Fumonisin B1 Concentrations in Wheat and Barley Products in the Punjab Region of Pakistan. Journal of Food Protection. 2020; 83 (8):1284-1288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShahzad Zafar Iqbal; Baber Rehman; Jinap Selamat; Nadia Akram; Mirza Nadeem Ahmad; Maimuniah Sanny; Rashidah Sukor; Nik Iskandar Samsudin. 2020. "Assessment of Fumonisin B1 Concentrations in Wheat and Barley Products in the Punjab Region of Pakistan." Journal of Food Protection 83, no. 8: 1284-1288.
Two-dimensional electrophoretic (2DE)-based proteomics remains a powerful tool for allergenomic analysis of goat’s milk but requires effective extraction of proteins to accurately profile the overall causative allergens. However, there are several current issues with goat’s milk allergenomic analysis, and among these are the absence of established standardized extraction method for goat’s milk proteomes and the complexity of goat’s milk matrix that may hamper the efficacy of protein extraction. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacies of three different protein extraction methods, qualitatively and quantitatively, for the 2DE-proteomics, using milk from two commercial dairy goats in Malaysia, Saanen, and Jamnapari. Goat’s milk samples from both breeds were extracted by using three different methods: a milk dilution in urea/thiourea based buffer (Method A), a triphasic separation protocol in methanol/chloroform solution (Method B), and a dilution in sulfite-based buffer (Method C). The efficacies of the extraction methods were assessed further by performing the protein concentration assay and 1D and 2D SDS-PAGE profiling, as well as identifying proteins by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS/MS. The results showed that method A recovered the highest amount of proteins (72.68% for Saanen and 71.25% for Jamnapari) and produced the highest number of protein spots (199 ± 16.1 and 267 ± 10.6 total spots for Saanen and Jamnapari, respectively) with superior gel resolution and minimal streaking. Six milk protein spots from both breeds were identified based on the positive peptide mass fingerprinting matches with ruminant milk proteins from public databases, using the Mascot software. These results attest to the fitness of the optimized protein extraction protocol, method A, for 2DE proteomic and future allergenomic analysis of the goat’s milk.
Muzammeer Mansor; Jameel R. Al-Obaidi; Nurain Nadiah Jaafar; Intan Hakimah Ismail; Atiqah Farah Zakaria; Mohd Azri Zainal Abidin; Jinap Selamat; Son Radu; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari. Optimization of Protein Extraction Method for 2DE Proteomics of Goat’s Milk. Molecules 2020, 25, 2625 .
AMA StyleMuzammeer Mansor, Jameel R. Al-Obaidi, Nurain Nadiah Jaafar, Intan Hakimah Ismail, Atiqah Farah Zakaria, Mohd Azri Zainal Abidin, Jinap Selamat, Son Radu, Nuzul Noorahya Jambari. Optimization of Protein Extraction Method for 2DE Proteomics of Goat’s Milk. Molecules. 2020; 25 (11):2625.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuzammeer Mansor; Jameel R. Al-Obaidi; Nurain Nadiah Jaafar; Intan Hakimah Ismail; Atiqah Farah Zakaria; Mohd Azri Zainal Abidin; Jinap Selamat; Son Radu; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari. 2020. "Optimization of Protein Extraction Method for 2DE Proteomics of Goat’s Milk." Molecules 25, no. 11: 2625.
The chemical, technological and allergy properties of goat’s milk are significantly affected by the level of αs1-casein. Detection and quantification of αs1-casein requires high-specificity methods to overcome high-sequence similarity between this protein and others in the casein family. Unavailability of antibodies with high affinity and specificity towards goat αs1-casein hinders the development of immuno-based analytical methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and biosensors. Here, we report the generation of polyclonal antibodies (or immunoglobulins, IgGs) raised towards goat αs1-casein N- (Nter) and C-terminal (Cter) peptide sequences. The Nter and Cter peptides of goat αs1-casein were immunized in rabbits for the generation of antisera, which were purified using protein G affinity chromatography. The binding affinity of the antisera and purified IgGs were tested and compared using indirect ELISA, where peptide-BSA conjugates and goat αs1-casein were used as the coating antigens. The Nter antiserum displayed higher titer than Cter antiserum, at 1/64,000 and 1/32,000 dilutions, respectively. The purification step further yielded 0.5 mg/mL of purified IgGs from 3 mL of antisera. The purified Nter IgG showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher binding affinity towards peptide-BSA and goat αs1-casein, with lower Kd value at 5.063 × 10−3 μM compared to 9.046 × 10−3 μM for the Cter IgG. A cross-reactivity test showed that there was no binding in neither Nter nor Cter IgGs towards protein extracts from the milk of cow, buffalo, horse and camel. High-quality antibodies generated will allow further development of immuno-based analytical methods and future in vitro studies to be conducted on goat αs1-casein.
Aliah Zannierah Mohsin; Rashidah Sukor; Jinap Selamat; Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin; Intan Hakimah Ismail; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Farina Mustaffa-Kamal. Generation of High Affinity Anti-Peptide Polyclonal Antibodies Recognizing Goat αs1-Casein. Molecules 2020, 25, 2622 .
AMA StyleAliah Zannierah Mohsin, Rashidah Sukor, Jinap Selamat, Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin, Intan Hakimah Ismail, Nuzul Noorahya Jambari, Farina Mustaffa-Kamal. Generation of High Affinity Anti-Peptide Polyclonal Antibodies Recognizing Goat αs1-Casein. Molecules. 2020; 25 (11):2622.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAliah Zannierah Mohsin; Rashidah Sukor; Jinap Selamat; Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin; Intan Hakimah Ismail; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Farina Mustaffa-Kamal. 2020. "Generation of High Affinity Anti-Peptide Polyclonal Antibodies Recognizing Goat αs1-Casein." Molecules 25, no. 11: 2622.