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The occurrence of foodborne diseases and food poisoning due to the consumption of contaminated foods is increasing nowadays, thus become a major threat to food industries in particular. In order to overcome this problem, prevention must be taken at the early stages of food preparation like sanitization. Typically, chemically based antimicrobial sanitisers were used in food industries to remove dirt and microbial population on food surfaces or food equipment. However, the emergence of microbial resistance and consumer awareness on the formation of carcinogenic compounds and safety issues in long term effects has led researchers to find an alternative. Therefore, a study was conducted to find a natural food sanitiser that was able to minimize the number of harmful bacteria without a change in the food quality and safety. In this study, the stability of Cosmos caudatus extract at different pH (pH 3, pH 7, pH 8 and pH 11) and temperatures (25°C, 30°C, 50°C, 80°C and 121°C) were determined for suitability as food sanitiser. The identification and quantification of this plant extract also were performed using HPLC and LC-MS/MS analysis to detect the major compounds which contributed to the biological activity of C. caudatus extract. Generally, results showed that the antimicrobial activity of C. caudatus extract was stable after exposure to various pH and temperatures, in fact, the extract increased its antimicrobial activity at lower acidity (pH 3) and higher temperature (50°C) against most pathogens. Furthermore, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside was identified as a major compound in C. caudatus extract with the relative amounts of 29.66 mg/g. It can be concluded that C. caudatus extract is stable when exposed to various pH and temperatures. These useful findings have proved the antimicrobial stability of C. caudatus extract after exposure to several pH and temperatures thus can be further developed as a food sanitiser in food industries.
N.A.H. Yusoff; Y. Rukayadi; F. Abas; A. Khatib; M Hassan. Antimicrobial stability of Cosmos caudatus extract at varies pH and temperature, and compounds identification for application as food sanitiser. Food Research 2021, 5, 83 -91.
AMA StyleN.A.H. Yusoff, Y. Rukayadi, F. Abas, A. Khatib, M Hassan. Antimicrobial stability of Cosmos caudatus extract at varies pH and temperature, and compounds identification for application as food sanitiser. Food Research. 2021; 5 (3):83-91.
Chicago/Turabian StyleN.A.H. Yusoff; Y. Rukayadi; F. Abas; A. Khatib; M Hassan. 2021. "Antimicrobial stability of Cosmos caudatus extract at varies pH and temperature, and compounds identification for application as food sanitiser." Food Research 5, no. 3: 83-91.
Momordica charantia fruit is claimed to have healthy benefit. Despite this potential claim, the phytochemical study of this fruit is still lacking. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidants profile of Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) fruit. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts of various polarities was evaluated and the metabolites that are responsible for its activity were identified using metabolomics approach. Six different mixture of ethanol in water that are 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% (v/v) was extracted using dveseeded fruit sample. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-quadrupole time of flight and multivariate data analysis was used to identify the metabolites that were either antioxidants or pro-oxidants. The 80% ethanol extract exhibited the most antioxidant activity when tested in both 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant assays. This extract showed the most intense LC-MS signals represented to ascorbic acid, margarolic acid, brevifolincarboxylic acid, quercetin 3-O-glycoside, kuguacin H, cucurbitacin E, 3-malonylmomordicin I, and goyaglycoside G correlating to the anti-oxidant activity. This study reports for the first time the existence of brevifolincarboxylic acid in this fruit, and the antioxidant activity of 3-malonylmomordicin I and goyaglycoside G. In addition, the loading plots revealed the unknown compounds possessing the antioxidant activity which are potential to be isolated in the future study.
Vikneswari Perumal; Alfi Khatib; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Faridah Abas; Suganya Murugesu; Mohd Zuwairi Saiman; Riesta Primaharinastiti; Hesham El-Seedi. Antioxidants profile of Momordica charantia fruit extract analyzed using LC-MS-QTOF-based metabolomics. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences 2021, 2, 100012 .
AMA StyleVikneswari Perumal, Alfi Khatib, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Bisha Fathamah Uzir, Faridah Abas, Suganya Murugesu, Mohd Zuwairi Saiman, Riesta Primaharinastiti, Hesham El-Seedi. Antioxidants profile of Momordica charantia fruit extract analyzed using LC-MS-QTOF-based metabolomics. Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences. 2021; 2 ():100012.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVikneswari Perumal; Alfi Khatib; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Faridah Abas; Suganya Murugesu; Mohd Zuwairi Saiman; Riesta Primaharinastiti; Hesham El-Seedi. 2021. "Antioxidants profile of Momordica charantia fruit extract analyzed using LC-MS-QTOF-based metabolomics." Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences 2, no. : 100012.
Psychotria malayana Jack has traditionally been used to treat diabetes. Despite its potential, the scientific proof in relation to this plant is still lacking. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibitors in P.malayana leaf extracts using a metabolomics approach and to elucidate the ligand–protein interactions through in silico techniques. The plant leaves were extracted with methanol and water at five various ratios (100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% v/v; water–methanol). Each extract was tested for α-glucosidase inhibition, followed by analysis using liquid chromatography tandem to mass spectrometry. The data were further subjected to multivariate data analysis by means of an orthogonal partial least square in order to correlate the chemical profile and the bioactivity. The loading plots revealed that the m/z signals correspond to the activity of α-glucosidase inhibitors, which led to the identification of three putative bioactive compounds, namely 5′-hydroxymethyl-1′-(1, 2, 3, 9-tetrahydro-pyrrolo (2, 1-b) quinazolin-1-yl)-heptan-1′-one (1), α-terpinyl-β-glucoside (2), and machaeridiol-A (3). Molecular docking of the identified inhibitors was performed using Auto Dock Vina software against the crystal structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isomaltase (Protein Data Bank code: 3A4A). Four hydrogen bonds were detected in the docked complex, involving several residues, namely ASP352, ARG213, ARG442, GLU277, GLN279, HIE280, and GLU411. Compound 1, 2, and 3 showed binding affinity values of −8.3, −7.6, and −10.0 kcal/mol, respectively, which indicate the good binding ability of the compounds towards the enzyme when compared to that of quercetin, a known α-glucosidase inhibitor. The three identified compounds that showed potential binding affinity towards the enzymatic protein in molecular docking interactions could be the bioactive compounds associated with the traditional use of this plant.
Tanzina Sharmin Nipun; Alfi Khatib; Zalikha Ibrahim; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Irna Elina Redzwan; Mohd Zuwairi Saiman; Farahaniza Supandi; Riesta Primaharinastiti; Hesham R. El-Seedi. Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Psychotria malayana Jack Leaves Extract Using LC-MS-Based Multivariate Data Analysis and In-Silico Molecular Docking. Molecules 2020, 25, 5885 .
AMA StyleTanzina Sharmin Nipun, Alfi Khatib, Zalikha Ibrahim, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Irna Elina Redzwan, Mohd Zuwairi Saiman, Farahaniza Supandi, Riesta Primaharinastiti, Hesham R. El-Seedi. Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Psychotria malayana Jack Leaves Extract Using LC-MS-Based Multivariate Data Analysis and In-Silico Molecular Docking. Molecules. 2020; 25 (24):5885.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTanzina Sharmin Nipun; Alfi Khatib; Zalikha Ibrahim; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Irna Elina Redzwan; Mohd Zuwairi Saiman; Farahaniza Supandi; Riesta Primaharinastiti; Hesham R. El-Seedi. 2020. "Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Psychotria malayana Jack Leaves Extract Using LC-MS-Based Multivariate Data Analysis and In-Silico Molecular Docking." Molecules 25, no. 24: 5885.
In recent years, there is emerging evidence that isoflavonoids, either dietary or obtained from traditional medicinal plants, could play an important role as a supplementary drug in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to their reported pronounced biological effects in relation to multiple metabolic factors associated with diabetes. Hence, in this regard, we have comprehensively reviewed the potential biological effects of isoflavonoids, particularly biochanin A, genistein, daidzein, glycitein, and formononetin on metabolic disorders and long-term complications induced by T2DM in order to understand whether they can be future candidates as a safe antidiabetic agent. Based on in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies evaluations, isoflavonoids have been found to activate gene expression through the stimulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) (α, γ), modulate carbohydrate metabolism, regulate hyperglycemia, induce dyslipidemia, lessen insulin resistance, and modify adipocyte differentiation and tissue metabolism. Moreover, these natural compounds have also been found to attenuate oxidative stress through the oxidative signaling process and inflammatory mechanism. Hence, isoflavonoids have been envisioned to be able to prevent and slow down the progression of long-term diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Further thoroughgoing investigations in human clinical studies are strongly recommended to obtain the optimum and specific dose and regimen required for supplementation with isoflavonoids and derivatives in diabetic patients.
Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Abdul Hasib Mohd Ali; Sayeed Mukhtar; Meshari A. Alsharif; Humaira Parveen; Awis Sukarni Mohmad Sabere; Mohamed Sufian Mohd. Nawi; Alfi Khatib; Mohammad Jamshed Siddiqui; AbdulRashid Umar; Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan. Medicinal Potential of Isoflavonoids: Polyphenols That May Cure Diabetes. Molecules 2020, 25, 5491 .
AMA StyleQamar Uddin Ahmed, Abdul Hasib Mohd Ali, Sayeed Mukhtar, Meshari A. Alsharif, Humaira Parveen, Awis Sukarni Mohmad Sabere, Mohamed Sufian Mohd. Nawi, Alfi Khatib, Mohammad Jamshed Siddiqui, AbdulRashid Umar, Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan. Medicinal Potential of Isoflavonoids: Polyphenols That May Cure Diabetes. Molecules. 2020; 25 (23):5491.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQamar Uddin Ahmed; Abdul Hasib Mohd Ali; Sayeed Mukhtar; Meshari A. Alsharif; Humaira Parveen; Awis Sukarni Mohmad Sabere; Mohamed Sufian Mohd. Nawi; Alfi Khatib; Mohammad Jamshed Siddiqui; AbdulRashid Umar; Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan. 2020. "Medicinal Potential of Isoflavonoids: Polyphenols That May Cure Diabetes." Molecules 25, no. 23: 5491.
Honey is characterized as a natural and raw foodstuff that can be consumed not only as a sweetener but also as medicine due to its therapeutic impact on human health. It is prone to adulterants caused by humans that manipulate the quality of honey. Although honey consumption has remarkably increased in the last few years all around the world, the safety of honey is not assessed and monitored regularly. Since the number of consumers of honey adulteration have increased in recent years, their trust and interest in this valuable product has decreased. Honey adulterants are any substances that are added to the pure honey. In this regard, this paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of the different types of adulteration, common sugar adulterants and detection methods, and draws a clear perspective toward the impact of honey adulteration on human health. Adulteration increases the consumer’s blood sugar, which can cause diabetes, abdominal weight gain, and obesity, raise the level of blood lipids and can cause high blood pressure. The most common organ affected by honey adulterants is the liver followed by the kidney, heart, and brain, as shown in several in vivo research designs.
Rafieh Fakhlaei; Jinap Selamat; Alfi Khatib; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis; Rashidah Sukor; Syahida Ahmad; Arman Amani Babadi. The Toxic Impact of Honey Adulteration: A Review. Foods 2020, 9, 1538 .
AMA StyleRafieh Fakhlaei, Jinap Selamat, Alfi Khatib, Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, Rashidah Sukor, Syahida Ahmad, Arman Amani Babadi. The Toxic Impact of Honey Adulteration: A Review. Foods. 2020; 9 (11):1538.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafieh Fakhlaei; Jinap Selamat; Alfi Khatib; Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis; Rashidah Sukor; Syahida Ahmad; Arman Amani Babadi. 2020. "The Toxic Impact of Honey Adulteration: A Review." Foods 9, no. 11: 1538.
The plant Psychotria malayana Jack belongs to the Rubiaceae family and is known in Malaysia as “meroyan sakat/salung”. A rapid analytical technique to facilitate the evaluation of the P. malayana leaves’ quality has not been well-established yet. This work aimed therefore to develop a validated analytical technique in order to predict the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory action (AGI) of P. malayana leaves, applying a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) fingerprint and utilizing an orthogonal partial least square (OPLS). The dried leaf extracts were prepared by sonication of different ratios of methanol-water solvent (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% v/v) prior to the assessment of alpha-glucosidase inhibition (AGI) and the following infrared spectroscopy. The correlation between the biological activity and the spectral data was evaluated using multivariate data analysis (MVDA). The 100% methanol extract possessed the highest inhibitory activity against the alpha-glucosidase (IC50 2.83 ± 0.32 μg/mL). Different bioactive functional groups, including hydroxyl (O-H), alkenyl (C=C), methylene (C-H), carbonyl (C=O), and secondary amine (N-H) groups, were detected by the multivariate analysis. These functional groups actively induced the alpha-glucosidase inhibition effect. This finding demonstrated the spectrum profile of the FTIR for the natural herb P. malayana Jack, further confirming its medicinal value. The developed validated model can be used to predict the AGI of P. malayana, which will be useful as a tool in the plant’s quality control.
Tanzina Sharmin Nipun; Alfi Khatib; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Irna Elina Redzwan; Zalikha Ibrahim; Al’Aina Yuhainis Firus Khan; Riesta Primaharinastiti; Shaden A. M. Khalifa; Hesham R. El-Seedi. Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of Psychotria malayana Jack Leaf: A Rapid Analysis Using Infrared Fingerprinting. Molecules 2020, 25, 4161 .
AMA StyleTanzina Sharmin Nipun, Alfi Khatib, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Irna Elina Redzwan, Zalikha Ibrahim, Al’Aina Yuhainis Firus Khan, Riesta Primaharinastiti, Shaden A. M. Khalifa, Hesham R. El-Seedi. Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of Psychotria malayana Jack Leaf: A Rapid Analysis Using Infrared Fingerprinting. Molecules. 2020; 25 (18):4161.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTanzina Sharmin Nipun; Alfi Khatib; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Irna Elina Redzwan; Zalikha Ibrahim; Al’Aina Yuhainis Firus Khan; Riesta Primaharinastiti; Shaden A. M. Khalifa; Hesham R. El-Seedi. 2020. "Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of Psychotria malayana Jack Leaf: A Rapid Analysis Using Infrared Fingerprinting." Molecules 25, no. 18: 4161.
Starting December 2019, mankind faced an unprecedented enemy, the COVID-19 virus. The world convened in international efforts, experiences and technologies in order to fight the emerging pandemic. Isolation, hygiene measure, diagnosis, and treatment are the most efficient ways of prevention and intervention nowadays. The health organizations and global care systems screened the available resources and offered recommendations of approved and proposed medications. However, the search for a specific selective therapy or vaccine against COVID-19 remains a challenge. A literature search was performed for the screening of natural and derived bio-active compounds which showed potent antiviral activity against coronaviruses using published articles, patents, clinical trials website (https://clinicaltrials.gov/) and web databases (PubMed, SCI Finder, Science Direct, and Google Scholar). Through the screening for natural products with antiviral activities against different types of the human coronavirus, extracts of Lycoris radiata (L'Hér.), Gentiana scabra Bunge, Dioscorea batatas Decne., Cassia tora L., Taxillus chinensis (DC.), Cibotium barometz L. and Echinacea purpurea L. showed a promising effect against SARS-CoV. Out of the listed compound Lycorine, emetine dihydrochloride hydrate, pristimerin, harmine, conessine, berbamine, 4`-hydroxychalcone, papaverine, mycophenolic acid, mycophenolate mofetil, monensin sodium, cycloheximide, oligomycin and valinomycin show potent activity against human coronaviruses. Additionally, it is worth noting that some compounds have already moved into clinical trials for their activity against COVID-19 including fingolimod, methylprednisolone, chloroquine, tetrandrine and tocilizumab. Natural compounds and their derivatives could be used for developing potent therapeutics with significant activity against SARS-COV-2, providing a promising frontline in the fighting against COVID-19.
Shaden A.M. Khalifa; Nermeen Yosri; Mohamed F. El-Mallah; Reem Ghonaim; Zhiming Guo; Syed Ghulam Musharraf; Ming Du; Alfi Khatib; Jianbo Xiao; Aamer Saeed; Haged H.R. El-Seedi; Chao Zhao; Thomas Efferth; Hesham R. El-Seedi. Screening for natural and derived bio-active compounds in preclinical and clinical studies: One of the frontlines of fighting the coronaviruses pandemic. Phytomedicine 2020, 85, 153311 -153311.
AMA StyleShaden A.M. Khalifa, Nermeen Yosri, Mohamed F. El-Mallah, Reem Ghonaim, Zhiming Guo, Syed Ghulam Musharraf, Ming Du, Alfi Khatib, Jianbo Xiao, Aamer Saeed, Haged H.R. El-Seedi, Chao Zhao, Thomas Efferth, Hesham R. El-Seedi. Screening for natural and derived bio-active compounds in preclinical and clinical studies: One of the frontlines of fighting the coronaviruses pandemic. Phytomedicine. 2020; 85 ():153311-153311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShaden A.M. Khalifa; Nermeen Yosri; Mohamed F. El-Mallah; Reem Ghonaim; Zhiming Guo; Syed Ghulam Musharraf; Ming Du; Alfi Khatib; Jianbo Xiao; Aamer Saeed; Haged H.R. El-Seedi; Chao Zhao; Thomas Efferth; Hesham R. El-Seedi. 2020. "Screening for natural and derived bio-active compounds in preclinical and clinical studies: One of the frontlines of fighting the coronaviruses pandemic." Phytomedicine 85, no. : 153311-153311.
Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are carcinogenic food toxicants formed in cooked meats, which may increase the risk of cancer development in humans. Therefore, in this study, the effect of stingless bee honey from different botanical origins on the formation of HCAs in grilled beef satay was investigated. HCAs concentration in grilled beef satay was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In total, six of the most toxigenic HCAs representing aminoimidazo-azaarenes (AIAs) (MeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx, and PhIP) and amino carbolines (norharman, harman, and AαC) groups were identified in all the beef samples investigated. A significant reduction in HCAs was observed in grilled beef marinated in honey as compared to beef samples marinated in table sugar (control), in which the reduction of 95.14%, 88.45%, 85.65%, and 57.22% was observed in gelam, starfruit, acacia, and Apis honey marinades, respectively. According to the partial least squares regression (PLS) model, the inhibition of HCAs in grilled beef was shown to be significantly correlated to the antioxidant activity (IC50) of the honey samples. Therefore, the results of this study revealed that the addition of stingless bee honey could play an important role in reducing HCAs in grilled beef.
Sharina Shamsudin; Jinap Selamat; Maimunah Sanny; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Rashidah Sukor; Sarva Mangala Praveena; Alfi Khatib. The Inhibitory Effects of Heterotrigona Itama Honey Marinades on the Formation of Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Amines in Grilled Beef Satay. Molecules 2020, 25, 3874 .
AMA StyleSharina Shamsudin, Jinap Selamat, Maimunah Sanny, Nuzul Noorahya Jambari, Rashidah Sukor, Sarva Mangala Praveena, Alfi Khatib. The Inhibitory Effects of Heterotrigona Itama Honey Marinades on the Formation of Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Amines in Grilled Beef Satay. Molecules. 2020; 25 (17):3874.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharina Shamsudin; Jinap Selamat; Maimunah Sanny; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Rashidah Sukor; Sarva Mangala Praveena; Alfi Khatib. 2020. "The Inhibitory Effects of Heterotrigona Itama Honey Marinades on the Formation of Carcinogenic Heterocyclic Amines in Grilled Beef Satay." Molecules 25, no. 17: 3874.
Bee venom (BV) is a rich source of secondary metabolites from honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). It contains a variety of bioactive ingredients including peptides, proteins, enzymes, and volatile metabolites. The compounds contribute to the venom’s observed biological functions as per its anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. The antimicrobial action of BV has been shown in vitro and in vivo experiments against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The synergistic therapeutic interactions of BV with antibiotics has been reported. The synergistic effect contributes to a decrease in the loading and maintenance dosage, a decrease in the side effects of chemotherapy, and a decrease in drug resistance. To our knowledge, there have been no reviews on the impact of BV and its antimicrobial constituents thus far. The purpose of this review is to address the antimicrobial properties of BV and its compounds.
Hesham El-Seedi; Aida Abd El-Wahed; Nermeen Yosri; Syed Ghulam Musharraf; Lei Chen; Moustafa Moustafa; Xiaobo Zou; Saleh Al-Mousawi; Zhiming Guo; Alfi Khatib; Shaden Khalifa. Antimicrobial Properties of Apis mellifera’s Bee Venom. Toxins 2020, 12, 451 .
AMA StyleHesham El-Seedi, Aida Abd El-Wahed, Nermeen Yosri, Syed Ghulam Musharraf, Lei Chen, Moustafa Moustafa, Xiaobo Zou, Saleh Al-Mousawi, Zhiming Guo, Alfi Khatib, Shaden Khalifa. Antimicrobial Properties of Apis mellifera’s Bee Venom. Toxins. 2020; 12 (7):451.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHesham El-Seedi; Aida Abd El-Wahed; Nermeen Yosri; Syed Ghulam Musharraf; Lei Chen; Moustafa Moustafa; Xiaobo Zou; Saleh Al-Mousawi; Zhiming Guo; Alfi Khatib; Shaden Khalifa. 2020. "Antimicrobial Properties of Apis mellifera’s Bee Venom." Toxins 12, no. 7: 451.
GC–MS metabolomics was used to discriminate the phytochemicals profile of Indonesian white, red, and black rice brans, and Japanese white rice brans. This technique was used for the first time to identify compounds in rice brans having cytotoxic activity against WiDr colon cancer cells. Orthogonal Projection to the Latent Structure (OPLS) analysis showed that protocatechuic acid (PA) was a discriminating factor found in black rice brans which strongly correlated with its cytotoxicity (IC50 8.53 ± 0.26 µM). Real time-PCR data demonstrated that PA cytotoxicity at different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 µg/mL) was mediated through different pathways. Bcl-2 expression was downregulated at all tested concentrations indicating apoptosis stimulation. At 1–10 ppm concentration, PA activated both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways since the expression of p53, Bax, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were upregulated. At a higher dose (25 and 50 µg/mL), PA possibly involved in pyroptosis-mediated pro-inflammatory cell death by upregulating the expression of caspase-1 and caspase-7.
Nancy Dewi Yuliana; Mirna Zena Tuarita; Alfi Khatib; Farida Laila; Sukarno Sukarno. GC–MS metabolomics revealed protocatechuic acid as a cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing compound from black rice brans. Food Science and Biotechnology 2020, 29, 825 -835.
AMA StyleNancy Dewi Yuliana, Mirna Zena Tuarita, Alfi Khatib, Farida Laila, Sukarno Sukarno. GC–MS metabolomics revealed protocatechuic acid as a cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing compound from black rice brans. Food Science and Biotechnology. 2020; 29 (6):825-835.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNancy Dewi Yuliana; Mirna Zena Tuarita; Alfi Khatib; Farida Laila; Sukarno Sukarno. 2020. "GC–MS metabolomics revealed protocatechuic acid as a cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing compound from black rice brans." Food Science and Biotechnology 29, no. 6: 825-835.
Stingless bee honey produced by Heterotrigona itama from different botanical origins was characterised and discriminated. Three types of stingless bee honey collected from acacia, gelam, and starfruit nectars were analyzed and compared with Apis mellifera honey. The results showed that stingless bee honey samples from the three different botanical origins were significantly different in terms of their moisture content, pH, free acidity, total soluble solids, colour characteristics, sugar content, amino acid content and antioxidant properties. Stingless bee honey was significantly different from Apis mellifera honey in terms of physicochemical and antioxidant properties. The amino acid content was further used in the chemometrics analysis to evaluate the role of amino acid in discriminating honey according to botanical origin. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that the stingless bee honey was completely distinguishable from Apis mellifera honey. Notably, a clear distinction between the stingless bee honey types was also observed. The specific amino acids involved in the distinction of honey were cysteine for acacia and gelam, phenylalanine and 3-hydroxyproline for starfruit, and proline for Apis mellifera honey. The results showed that all honey samples were successfully classified based on amino acid content.
Sharina Shamsudin; Jinap Selamat; Maimunah Sanny; Shamsul Bahari A.R.; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Alfi Khatib. A Comparative Characterization of Physicochemical and Antioxidants Properties of Processed Heterotrigona itama Honey from Different Origins and Classification by Chemometrics Analysis. Molecules 2019, 24, 3898 .
AMA StyleSharina Shamsudin, Jinap Selamat, Maimunah Sanny, Shamsul Bahari A.R., Nuzul Noorahya Jambari, Alfi Khatib. A Comparative Characterization of Physicochemical and Antioxidants Properties of Processed Heterotrigona itama Honey from Different Origins and Classification by Chemometrics Analysis. Molecules. 2019; 24 (21):3898.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharina Shamsudin; Jinap Selamat; Maimunah Sanny; Shamsul Bahari A.R.; Nuzul Noorahya Jambari; Alfi Khatib. 2019. "A Comparative Characterization of Physicochemical and Antioxidants Properties of Processed Heterotrigona itama Honey from Different Origins and Classification by Chemometrics Analysis." Molecules 24, no. 21: 3898.
Clinacanthus nutans, an herbal shrub belonging to the Acanthaceae family, is traditionally used as a functional food to treat various ailments in Malaysia and Indonesia. Although the polar fraction of this plant shows non-toxic effect, the toxicity of the non-polar extract is not reported so far. The present study aimed to assess the toxic effect and determine the lethal concentration of this non-polar fraction using zebrafish embryos. The n-hexane fraction was partitioned from the crude extract of C. nutans obtained using 80% methanolic solution. After spawning of the adult male and female zebrafish, the eggs were collected, transferred into a 96-well plate and incubated with the n-hexane fraction at concentrations of 15.63 μg/ml, 31.25 μg/ml, 62.5 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml in 2% DMSO. The survival and sublethal endpoint were assessed, the mortality and hatchability rates were calculated based on microscopic observation, while the heartbeat rate was measured using DanioScope software. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of the C. nutans n-hexane fraction, which was determined using probit analysis, was calculated to be 75.49 μg/mL, which is harmful. Moreover, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed the presence of palmitic acid, phytol, hexadecanoic acid, 1-monopalmitin, stigmast-5-ene, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, 1-linolenoylglycerol and stigmasterol in the n-hexane fraction.
Suganya Murugesu; Alfi Khatib; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Zalikha Ibrahim; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Khaled Benchoula; Nik Idris Nik Yusoff; Vikneswari Perumal; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Sahal Salamah; Hesham R. El-Seedi. Toxicity study on Clinacanthus nutans leaf hexane fraction using Danio rerio embryos. Toxicology Reports 2019, 6, 1148 -1154.
AMA StyleSuganya Murugesu, Alfi Khatib, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Zalikha Ibrahim, Bisha Fathamah Uzir, Khaled Benchoula, Nik Idris Nik Yusoff, Vikneswari Perumal, Mohamed F. Alajmi, Sahal Salamah, Hesham R. El-Seedi. Toxicity study on Clinacanthus nutans leaf hexane fraction using Danio rerio embryos. Toxicology Reports. 2019; 6 ():1148-1154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuganya Murugesu; Alfi Khatib; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Zalikha Ibrahim; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Khaled Benchoula; Nik Idris Nik Yusoff; Vikneswari Perumal; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Sahal Salamah; Hesham R. El-Seedi. 2019. "Toxicity study on Clinacanthus nutans leaf hexane fraction using Danio rerio embryos." Toxicology Reports 6, no. : 1148-1154.
Background/Aim: Plants play an important role in anti-cancer drug discovery, therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of Alpinia zerumbet (A. zerumbet) flowers. Methods: The phytochemical and biological criteria of A. zerumbet were in vitro investigated as well as in mouse xenograft model. Results: A. zerumbet extracts, specially CH2Cl2 and MeOH extracts, exhibited the highest potent anti-tumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. The most active CH2Cl2 extract was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation leading to isolatation of the naturally occurring 5,6-dehydrokawain (DK) which was characterized by IR, MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. A. zerumbet extracts, specially MeOH and CH2Cl2 extracts, exhibited significant inhibitory activity towards tumor volume (TV). Furthermore, A. zerumbet extracts declined the high level of malonaldehyde (MDA) as well as elevated the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver tissue homogenate. Moreover, DK showed anti-proliferative action on different human cancer cell lines. The recorded IC50 values against breast carcinoma (MCF-7), liver carcinoma (Hep-G2) and larynx carcinoma cells (HEP-2) were 3.08, 6.8, and 8.7 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings open the door for further investigations in order to explore the potential medicinal properties of A. zerumbet.
Maram Hussein Zahra; Tarek A.R. Salem; Bishoy El-Aarag; Nermeen Yosri; Samah El-Ghlban; Kholoud Zaki; Amel H. Marei; Aida Abd El-Wahed; Aamer Saeed; Alfi Khatib; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Abdulrahman M. Shathili; Jianbo Xiao; Shaden A. M. Khalifa; Hesham R. El-Seedi. Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.): Food and Medicinal Plant with Potential In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activities. Molecules 2019, 24, 2495 .
AMA StyleMaram Hussein Zahra, Tarek A.R. Salem, Bishoy El-Aarag, Nermeen Yosri, Samah El-Ghlban, Kholoud Zaki, Amel H. Marei, Aida Abd El-Wahed, Aamer Saeed, Alfi Khatib, Mohamed F. Alajmi, Abdulrahman M. Shathili, Jianbo Xiao, Shaden A. M. Khalifa, Hesham R. El-Seedi. Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.): Food and Medicinal Plant with Potential In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activities. Molecules. 2019; 24 (13):2495.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaram Hussein Zahra; Tarek A.R. Salem; Bishoy El-Aarag; Nermeen Yosri; Samah El-Ghlban; Kholoud Zaki; Amel H. Marei; Aida Abd El-Wahed; Aamer Saeed; Alfi Khatib; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Abdulrahman M. Shathili; Jianbo Xiao; Shaden A. M. Khalifa; Hesham R. El-Seedi. 2019. "Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.): Food and Medicinal Plant with Potential In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Cancer Activities." Molecules 24, no. 13: 2495.
A standard protocol to develop type 1 diabetes in zebrafish is still uncertain due to unpredictable factors. In this study, an optimized protocol was developed and used to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of Psychotria malayana leaf. The aims of this study were to develop a type 1 diabetic adult zebrafish model and to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the plant extract on the developed model. The ability of streptozotocin and alloxan at a different dose to elevate the blood glucose levels in zebrafish was evaluated. While the anti-diabetic activity of P. malayana aqueous extract was evaluated through analysis of blood glucose and LC-MS analysis fingerprinting. The results indicated that a single intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg alloxan was the optimal dose to elevate the fasting blood glucose in zebrafish. Furthermore, the plant extract at 1, 2, and 3 g/kg significantly reduced blood glucose levels in the diabetic zebrafish. In addition, LC-MS-based fingerprinting indicated that 3 g/kg plant extract more effective than other doses. Phytosterols, sugar alcohols, sugar acid, free fatty acids, cyclitols, phenolics, and alkaloid were detected in the extract using GC-MS. In conclusion, P. malayana leaf aqueous extract showed anti-diabetic activity on the developed type 1 diabetic zebrafish model.
Khaled Benchoula; Alfi Khatib; Fairuz M. C. Quzwain; Che Anuar Che Mohamad; Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman; Ridhwan Abdul Wahab; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Majid Abdul Ghaffar; Mohd Zuwairi Saiman; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Hesham El-Seedi. Optimization of Hyperglycemic Induction in Zebrafish and Evaluation of Its Blood Glucose Level and Metabolite Fingerprint Treated with Psychotria malayana Jack Leaf Extract. Molecules 2019, 24, 1506 .
AMA StyleKhaled Benchoula, Alfi Khatib, Fairuz M. C. Quzwain, Che Anuar Che Mohamad, Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman, Ridhwan Abdul Wahab, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Majid Abdul Ghaffar, Mohd Zuwairi Saiman, Mohamed F. Alajmi, Hesham El-Seedi. Optimization of Hyperglycemic Induction in Zebrafish and Evaluation of Its Blood Glucose Level and Metabolite Fingerprint Treated with Psychotria malayana Jack Leaf Extract. Molecules. 2019; 24 (8):1506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhaled Benchoula; Alfi Khatib; Fairuz M. C. Quzwain; Che Anuar Che Mohamad; Wan Mohd Azizi Wan Sulaiman; Ridhwan Abdul Wahab; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Majid Abdul Ghaffar; Mohd Zuwairi Saiman; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Hesham El-Seedi. 2019. "Optimization of Hyperglycemic Induction in Zebrafish and Evaluation of Its Blood Glucose Level and Metabolite Fingerprint Treated with Psychotria malayana Jack Leaf Extract." Molecules 24, no. 8: 1506.
The present study used in vitro and in silico techniques, as well as the metabolomics approach to characterise α-glucosidase inhibitors from different fractions of Clinacanthus nutans. C. nutans is a medicinal plant belonging to the Acanthaceae family, and is traditionally used to treat diabetes in Malaysia. n-Hexane, n-hexane: ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v), ethyl acetate, ethyl acetate: methanol (1:1, v/v), and methanol fractions were obtained via partitioning of the 80% methanolic crude extract. The in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was analyzed using all the fractions collected, followed by profiling of the metabolites using liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. The partial least square (PLS) statistical model was developed using the SIMCA P+14.0 software and the following four inhibitors were obtained: (1) 4,6,8-Megastigmatrien-3-one; (2) N-Isobutyl-2-nonen-6,8-diynamide; (3) 1′,2′-bis(acetyloxy)-3′,4′-didehydro-2′-hydro-β, ψ-carotene; and (4) 22-acetate-3-hydroxy-21-(6-methyl-2,4-octadienoate)-olean-12-en-28-oic acid. The in silico study performed via molecular docking with the crystal structure of yeast isomaltase (PDB code: 3A4A) involved a hydrogen bond and some hydrophobic interactions between the inhibitors and protein. The residues that interacted include ASN259, HID295, LYS156, ARG335, and GLY209 with a hydrogen bond, while TRP15, TYR158, VAL232, HIE280, ALA292, PRO312, LEU313, VAL313, PHE314, ARG315, TYR316, VAL319, and TRP343 with other forms of bonding.
Suganya Murugesu; Zalikha Ibrahim; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Nik Idris Nik Yusoff; Vikneswari Perumal; Faridah Abas; Khozirah Shaari; Alfi Khatib. Identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans leaf extract using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and protein-ligand interaction with molecular docking. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018, 9, 91 -99.
AMA StyleSuganya Murugesu, Zalikha Ibrahim, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Bisha Fathamah Uzir, Nik Idris Nik Yusoff, Vikneswari Perumal, Faridah Abas, Khozirah Shaari, Alfi Khatib. Identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans leaf extract using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and protein-ligand interaction with molecular docking. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2018; 9 (2):91-99.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuganya Murugesu; Zalikha Ibrahim; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Nik Idris Nik Yusoff; Vikneswari Perumal; Faridah Abas; Khozirah Shaari; Alfi Khatib. 2018. "Identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans leaf extract using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and protein-ligand interaction with molecular docking." Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 9, no. 2: 91-99.
The fruit of Dialium indum L. (Fabaceae) is one of the edible wild fruits native to Southeast Asia. The mesocarp is consumed as sweets while the exocarp and seed are regarded as waste. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the fruit by using four assays, which measure its capabilities in reducing phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents, neocuproine, 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and inhibiting linoleic acid peroxidation. The active fractions were then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the seed methanol fraction (SMF) exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity with significantly higher (p < 0.05) gallic acid equivalence (GAE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 31.71; 0.88 µg/mL) than the other fractions. The exocarp dichloromethane fraction (EDF) was the discriminating fraction by having remarkable linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition (IC50 121.43; 2.97 µg/mL). A total of thirty-eight metabolites were detected in derivatized EDF and SMF with distinctive classes of phenolics and amino acids, respectively. Bioautography-guided fractionation of EDF afforded five antioxidant-enriched subfractions with four other detected phenolics. The results revealed the antioxidant properties of D. indum fruit, which has potential benefits in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical applications.
Muhamad Faris Osman; Norazian Mohd Hassan; Alfi Khatib; Siti Marponga Tolos. Antioxidant Activities of Dialium indum L. Fruit and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) of the Active Fractions. Antioxidants 2018, 7, 154 .
AMA StyleMuhamad Faris Osman, Norazian Mohd Hassan, Alfi Khatib, Siti Marponga Tolos. Antioxidant Activities of Dialium indum L. Fruit and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) of the Active Fractions. Antioxidants. 2018; 7 (11):154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhamad Faris Osman; Norazian Mohd Hassan; Alfi Khatib; Siti Marponga Tolos. 2018. "Antioxidant Activities of Dialium indum L. Fruit and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) of the Active Fractions." Antioxidants 7, no. 11: 154.
The analytical method used in the quality control of Clinacanthus nutans leaves has not been well developed. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a simple analytical method to predict α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of this herb based on its infrared fingerprinting. The dried extracts obtained from maceration using solvents with different polarities were evaluated for the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and analysed through infrared spectroscopy. Multivariate data analysis was performed by correlating the bioactivity and infrared spectrum of each extract using partial least square method. The loading plot from multivariate data analysis revealed that CH and CO infrared signals from terpenoids in the extract were positively correlated with the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The developed partial least square model was validated through a testing on the external samples. The result concludes that the developed model is valid and capable of predicting α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the external samples.
Suganya Murugesu; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Nik Idris Nik Yusoff; Vikneswari Perumal; Zalikha Ibrahim; Faridah Abas; Khozirah Saari; Alfi Khatib. Rapid investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Clinacanthus nutans leaf using infrared fingerprinting. Vibrational Spectroscopy 2018, 100, 22 -29.
AMA StyleSuganya Murugesu, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Bisha Fathamah Uzir, Nik Idris Nik Yusoff, Vikneswari Perumal, Zalikha Ibrahim, Faridah Abas, Khozirah Saari, Alfi Khatib. Rapid investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Clinacanthus nutans leaf using infrared fingerprinting. Vibrational Spectroscopy. 2018; 100 ():22-29.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuganya Murugesu; Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Bisha Fathamah Uzir; Nik Idris Nik Yusoff; Vikneswari Perumal; Zalikha Ibrahim; Faridah Abas; Khozirah Saari; Alfi Khatib. 2018. "Rapid investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Clinacanthus nutans leaf using infrared fingerprinting." Vibrational Spectroscopy 100, no. : 22-29.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the antiradical and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of Averrhoa bilimbi leaves. Hence, crude methanolic leaves extract and its resultant fractions, namely hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol were evaluated for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. The active constituents were tentatively identified through LC-QTOF-MS/MS and molecular docking approaches. The n-butanol fraction of A. bilimbi crude methanolic leaves extract displayed significant DPPH radical scavenging effect with IC50 (4.14 ± 0.21 μg/mL) (p < 0.05), as well as xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with IC50 (64.84 ± 3.93 μg/mL) (p < 0.05). Afzelechin 3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside and cucumerin A were tentatively identified as possible metabolites that contribute to the antioxidant activity of the n-butanol fraction.
Qamar Uddin Ahmed; Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan; Alfi Khatib; Syed Adnan Ali Shah; Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan; Murni Nazira Sarian. Antiradical and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity Evaluations of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Leaves and Tentative Identification of Bioactive Constituents through LC-QTOF-MS/MS and Molecular Docking Approach. Antioxidants 2018, 7, 137 .
AMA StyleQamar Uddin Ahmed, Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan, Alfi Khatib, Syed Adnan Ali Shah, Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan, Murni Nazira Sarian. Antiradical and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity Evaluations of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Leaves and Tentative Identification of Bioactive Constituents through LC-QTOF-MS/MS and Molecular Docking Approach. Antioxidants. 2018; 7 (10):137.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQamar Uddin Ahmed; Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan; Alfi Khatib; Syed Adnan Ali Shah; Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan; Murni Nazira Sarian. 2018. "Antiradical and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity Evaluations of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Leaves and Tentative Identification of Bioactive Constituents through LC-QTOF-MS/MS and Molecular Docking Approach." Antioxidants 7, no. 10: 137.
Background: Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) is an Acanthaceae herbal shrub traditionally consumed to treat various diseases including diabetes in Malaysia. This study was designed to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of C. nutans leaves extracts, and to identify the metabolites responsible for the bioactivity. Methods: Crude extract obtained from the dried leaves using 80% methanolic solution was further partitioned using different polarity solvents. The resultant extracts were investigated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential followed by metabolites profiling using the gas chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: Multivariate data analysis was developed by correlating the bioactivity, and GC-MS data generated a suitable partial least square (PLS) model resulting in 11 bioactive compounds, namely, palmitic acid, phytol, hexadecanoic acid (methyl ester), 1-monopalmitin, stigmast-5-ene, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, 1-linolenoylglycerol, glycerol monostearate, alpha-tocospiro B, and stigmasterol. In-silico study via molecular docking was carried out using the crystal structure Saccharomyces cerevisiae isomaltase (PDB code: 3A4A). Interactions between the inhibitors and the protein were predicted involving residues, namely LYS156, THR310, PRO312, LEU313, GLU411, and ASN415 with hydrogen bond, while PHE314 and ARG315 with hydrophobic bonding. Conclusion: The study provides informative data on the potential α-glucosidase inhibitors identified in C. nutans leaves, indicating the plant’s therapeutic effect to manage hyperglycemia.
Suganya Murugesu; Zalikha Ibrahim; Qamar-Uddin Ahmed; Nik-Idris Nik Yusoff; Bisha-Fathamah Uzir; Vikneswari Perumal; Faridah Abas; Khozirah Saari; Hesham El-Seedi; Alfi Khatib. Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau Leaves by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Docking Simulation. Molecules 2018, 23, 2402 .
AMA StyleSuganya Murugesu, Zalikha Ibrahim, Qamar-Uddin Ahmed, Nik-Idris Nik Yusoff, Bisha-Fathamah Uzir, Vikneswari Perumal, Faridah Abas, Khozirah Saari, Hesham El-Seedi, Alfi Khatib. Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau Leaves by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Docking Simulation. Molecules. 2018; 23 (9):2402.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuganya Murugesu; Zalikha Ibrahim; Qamar-Uddin Ahmed; Nik-Idris Nik Yusoff; Bisha-Fathamah Uzir; Vikneswari Perumal; Faridah Abas; Khozirah Saari; Hesham El-Seedi; Alfi Khatib. 2018. "Characterization of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Clinacanthus nutans Lindau Leaves by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Docking Simulation." Molecules 23, no. 9: 2402.
The official standard for quality control of honey is currently based on physicochemical properties. However, this method is time-consuming, cost intensive, and does not lead to information on the originality of honey. This study aims to classify raw stingless bee honeys by bee species origins as a potential classifier using the NMR-LCMS-based metabolomics approach. Raw stingless bee honeys were analysed and classified by bee species origins using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS) in combination with chemometrics tools. The honey samples were able to be classified into three different groups based on the bee species origins of Heterotrigona itama, Geniotrigona thoracica, and Tetrigona apicalis. d-Fructofuranose (H. itama honey), β-d-Glucose, d-Xylose, α-d-Glucose (G. thoracica honey), and l-Lactic acid, Acetic acid, l-Alanine (T. apicalis honey) ident d-Fructofuranose identified via 1H-NMR data and the diagnostic ions of UHPLC-QTOF MS were characterized as the discriminant metabolites or putative chemical markers. It could be suggested that the quality of honey in terms of originality and purity can be rapidly determined using the classification technique by bee species origins via the 1H-NMR- and UHPLC-QTOF MS-based metabolomics approach.
Muhammad Taufiq Atsifa Razali; Zaim Akmal Zainal; M. Maulidiani; Khozirah Shaari; Zulkifli Zamri; Mohd Zainuri Mohd Idrus; Alfi Khatib; Faridah Abas; Yee Soon Ling; Lim Leong Rui; Intan Safinar Ismail. Classification of Raw Stingless Bee Honeys by Bee Species Origins Using the NMR- and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics Approach. Molecules 2018, 23, 2160 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Taufiq Atsifa Razali, Zaim Akmal Zainal, M. Maulidiani, Khozirah Shaari, Zulkifli Zamri, Mohd Zainuri Mohd Idrus, Alfi Khatib, Faridah Abas, Yee Soon Ling, Lim Leong Rui, Intan Safinar Ismail. Classification of Raw Stingless Bee Honeys by Bee Species Origins Using the NMR- and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics Approach. Molecules. 2018; 23 (9):2160.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Taufiq Atsifa Razali; Zaim Akmal Zainal; M. Maulidiani; Khozirah Shaari; Zulkifli Zamri; Mohd Zainuri Mohd Idrus; Alfi Khatib; Faridah Abas; Yee Soon Ling; Lim Leong Rui; Intan Safinar Ismail. 2018. "Classification of Raw Stingless Bee Honeys by Bee Species Origins Using the NMR- and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics Approach." Molecules 23, no. 9: 2160.