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Dr. Sikandar Khan
Assisstant Professor

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0 Computational Modeling
0 Geomechanics
0 Numerical Modeling
0 Renewable and Sustainable Energy
0 Geo sequestration

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Numerical Modeling

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Journal article
Published: 23 August 2021 in Electronics
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Electrical grounding is an indispensable part of the power system network. The grounding system is mainly affected by grounding resistance and the nature of the soil. High ground resistance produces the phenomenon of soil ionization, surface arching, and back flashover. A conventional grounding system requires the deep digging of electrodes, thus creating maintenance difficulties. This research work focuses on the safe operation of an electric power system from external and internal impulses arising due to lightning strikes or short circuits. The study proposes an application of mineral samples as grounding materials, and bentonite is used as backfilling material in portable grounding systems. A detailed experimental analysis was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the performance of selected materials in high-resistance soil. The problem of a deeply driven electrode is addressed by designing the portable grounding system. The study results demonstrate that the proposed portable grounding system could be installed in troubled environments such as forests, deserts, and rocky terrains. To measure the breakdown voltages of the proposed samples, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis and other laboratory tests were conducted. The electric field intensities are extracted through Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The experimental and simulation findings show the expected performance of mineral samples under various operating conditions. The findings of this study can guide the practitioners for safe and efficient operations of portable electrical grounding systems.

ACS Style

Rizwan Ahmad; Mahmoud Kassas; Chokri B. Ahmed; Faisal Khan; Sikandar Khan; Arshad Jamal; Irshad Ullah. Application of Mineral Compounds for a High-Voltage Portable Grounding System: An Experimental Study. Electronics 2021, 10, 2043 .

AMA Style

Rizwan Ahmad, Mahmoud Kassas, Chokri B. Ahmed, Faisal Khan, Sikandar Khan, Arshad Jamal, Irshad Ullah. Application of Mineral Compounds for a High-Voltage Portable Grounding System: An Experimental Study. Electronics. 2021; 10 (16):2043.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rizwan Ahmad; Mahmoud Kassas; Chokri B. Ahmed; Faisal Khan; Sikandar Khan; Arshad Jamal; Irshad Ullah. 2021. "Application of Mineral Compounds for a High-Voltage Portable Grounding System: An Experimental Study." Electronics 10, no. 16: 2043.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2021 in Minerals
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The present study interprets the subsurface structure of the Rajian area using seismic sections and the identification of hydrocarbon-bearing zones using petrophysical analysis. The Rajian area lies within the Upper Indus Basin in the southeast (SE) of the Salt Range Potwar Foreland Basin. The marked horizons are identified using formation tops from two vertical wells. Seismic interpretation of the given 2D seismic data reveals that the study area has undergone severe distortion illustrated by thrusts and back thrusts, forming a triangular zone within the subsurface. The final trend of those structures is northwest–southeast (NW–SE), indicating that the area is part of the compressional regime. The zones interpreted by the study of hydrocarbon potential include Sakessar limestone and Khewra sandstone. Due to the unavailability of a petrophysics log within the desired investigation depths, lithology cross-plots were used for the identification of two potential hydrocarbon-bearing zones in one well at depths of 3740–3835 m (zone 1) and 4015–4100 m (zone 2). The results show that zone 2 is almost devoid of hydrocarbons, while zone 1 has an average hydrocarbon saturation of about 11%.

ACS Style

Naveed Ahmad; Sikandar Khan; Eisha Fatima Noor; Zhihui Zou; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. Seismic Data Interpretation and Identification of Hydrocarbon-Bearing Zones of Rajian Area, Pakistan. Minerals 2021, 11, 891 .

AMA Style

Naveed Ahmad, Sikandar Khan, Eisha Fatima Noor, Zhihui Zou, Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. Seismic Data Interpretation and Identification of Hydrocarbon-Bearing Zones of Rajian Area, Pakistan. Minerals. 2021; 11 (8):891.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naveed Ahmad; Sikandar Khan; Eisha Fatima Noor; Zhihui Zou; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. 2021. "Seismic Data Interpretation and Identification of Hydrocarbon-Bearing Zones of Rajian Area, Pakistan." Minerals 11, no. 8: 891.

Journal article
Published: 31 May 2021 in Water
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A numerical model in slice configuration was applied to the Central Andaman Sea in order to derive metocean operational and design criteria associated to internal solitary waves which are large amplitude interfacial waves. For that purpose, a 10 year hindcast was generated. The model was driven by tides at the open boundary and included realistic stratification and topography. The results have been compared to data mostly taken from satellites and proved to be accurate in determining parameters such as phase speed and interpacket distance. The phase speeds range from 2.21 m/s in March to 2.5 m/s in November. Corresponding interpacket distances range from 99 km to 111 km in close agreement with available data. According to the model results internal solitary waves are more/less frequent in March/August. Model outputs were specifically analyzed at 2 arbitrary locations. Maximum current speeds obtained with the model at those locations occur in November reaching a value close to 1.5 m/s. The computed velocities associated to return periods of 1, 10, 50, 100 and 1000 years are, respectively, 1.67 m/s, 1.76 m/s, 1.8 m/s, 1.81 m/s and 1.84 m/s.

ACS Style

Liaqat Ali; Nageena Makhdoom; Yifan Gao; Pan Fang; Sikandar Khan; Yong Bai. Metocean Criteria for Internal Solitary Waves Obtained from Numerical Models. Water 2021, 13, 1554 .

AMA Style

Liaqat Ali, Nageena Makhdoom, Yifan Gao, Pan Fang, Sikandar Khan, Yong Bai. Metocean Criteria for Internal Solitary Waves Obtained from Numerical Models. Water. 2021; 13 (11):1554.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liaqat Ali; Nageena Makhdoom; Yifan Gao; Pan Fang; Sikandar Khan; Yong Bai. 2021. "Metocean Criteria for Internal Solitary Waves Obtained from Numerical Models." Water 13, no. 11: 1554.

Journal article
Published: 10 May 2021 in Sensors
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Several approaches have been used in the past to predict fatigue crack growth rates in T-joints of the offshore structures, but there are relatively few cases of applying structural health monitoring during the non-destructive testing of jacket platforms. This paper presents an experimental method based on the sensing of the piezoelectric sensors and finite element analysis method for studying the fatigue cracks in the offshore steel jacket structure. Three types of joints are selected in the current research work: T-type plate, T-type tube-plate, and T-type tube joints. The finite element analysis model established in the current study computes and analyzes the high stress and high strain regions in the T-type joints. The fatigue damage in the T-type joints was successfully detected by utilizing both the finite element analysis and experimental methods. The results showed that fatigue cracks of the three types of joints are prone to appear at the weld toe and spread in the welding direction. The fatigue damage location of T-type plate and T-type tube-plate joints is more concentrated in the upper weld toe area, and the fatigue damage location of the T-type tube joint is closer to the lower weld toe area.

ACS Style

Liaqat Ali; Sikandar Khan; Salem Bashmal; Naveed Iqbal; Weishun Dai; Yong Bai. Fatigue Crack Monitoring of T-Type Joints in Steel Offshore Oil and Gas Jacket Platform. Sensors 2021, 21, 3294 .

AMA Style

Liaqat Ali, Sikandar Khan, Salem Bashmal, Naveed Iqbal, Weishun Dai, Yong Bai. Fatigue Crack Monitoring of T-Type Joints in Steel Offshore Oil and Gas Jacket Platform. Sensors. 2021; 21 (9):3294.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liaqat Ali; Sikandar Khan; Salem Bashmal; Naveed Iqbal; Weishun Dai; Yong Bai. 2021. "Fatigue Crack Monitoring of T-Type Joints in Steel Offshore Oil and Gas Jacket Platform." Sensors 21, no. 9: 3294.

Journal article
Published: 24 March 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Well logging is a significant procedure that assists geophysicists and geologists with making predictions regarding boreholes and efficiently utilizing and optimizing the drilling process. The current study area is positioned in the Punjab Territory of Pakistan, and the geographic coordinates are 30020′10 N and 70043′30 E. The objective of the current research work was to interpret the subsurface structure and reservoir characteristics of the Kabirwala area Tola (01) well, which is located in the Punjab platform, Central Indus Basin, utilizing 2D seismic and well log data. Formation evaluation for hydrocarbon potential using the reservoir properties is performed in this study. For the marked zone of interest, the study also focuses on evaluating the average water saturation, average total porosity, average effective porosity, and net pay thickness. The results of the study show a spotted horizon stone with respect to time and depth as follows: Dunghan formation, 0.9 s and 1080.46 m; Cretaceous Samana Suk formation, 0.96 s and 1174.05 m; Datta formation, 1.08 s and 1400 m; and Warcha formation, 1.24 s and 1810 m. Based on the interpretation of well logs, the purpose of petrophysical analysis was to identify hydrocarbon-bearing zones in the study area. Gamma ray, spontaneous potential, resistivity, neutron, and density log data were utilized. The high zone present in the east–west part of the contour maps may be a possible location of hydrocarbon entrapment, which is further confirmed by the presence of the Tola-01 well.

ACS Style

Naveed Ahmad; Sikandar Khan; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. Seismic Data Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis of Kabirwala Area Tola (01) Well, Central Indus Basin, Pakistan. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 2911 .

AMA Style

Naveed Ahmad, Sikandar Khan, Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. Seismic Data Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis of Kabirwala Area Tola (01) Well, Central Indus Basin, Pakistan. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (7):2911.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naveed Ahmad; Sikandar Khan; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. 2021. "Seismic Data Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis of Kabirwala Area Tola (01) Well, Central Indus Basin, Pakistan." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7: 2911.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2021 in Applied Sciences
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The Rub’ Al-Khali basin in Saudi Arabia remains unexplored and lacks data availability due to its remoteness and the challenging nature of its terrain. Thus far, there are neither digital geologic models nor synthetic seismic data from this specific area accessible for testing research techniques and analysis. In this study, we build a 2D viscoelastic model of the eastern part of the Rub’ Al-Khali basin and generate a corresponding dual-component seismic data set. We compile high-resolution depth models of compressional- and shear-wave velocities, density, as well as compressional- and shear-wave quality factors from published data. The compiled models span Neoproterozoic basement up to Quaternary sand dunes. We then use the finite-difference technique to model the propagation of seismic waves in the compiled viscoelastic medium of eastern Rub’ Al-Khali desert. In particular, we generate vertical and horizontal components of the shot gathers with accuracy to the fourth and second orders in space and time, respectively. The viscoelastic models and synthetic seismic datasets are made available in an open-source site for prospective re-searchers who desire to use them for their research. Users of these datasets are urged to make their findings also accessible to the geoscience community as a way of keeping track of developments related to the Rub’ Al-Khali desert.

ACS Style

Septriandi Chan; Paul Edigbue; Sikandar Khan; Abdul Ashadi; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. Viscoelastic Model and Synthetic Seismic Data of Eastern Rub’Al-Khali. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 1401 .

AMA Style

Septriandi Chan, Paul Edigbue, Sikandar Khan, Abdul Ashadi, Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. Viscoelastic Model and Synthetic Seismic Data of Eastern Rub’Al-Khali. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (4):1401.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Septriandi Chan; Paul Edigbue; Sikandar Khan; Abdul Ashadi; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. 2021. "Viscoelastic Model and Synthetic Seismic Data of Eastern Rub’Al-Khali." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4: 1401.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2020 in Sustainability
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The release of large quantities of CO2 into the atmosphere is one of the major causes of global warming. The most viable method to control the level of CO2 in the atmosphere is to capture and permanently sequestrate the excess amount of CO2 in subsurface geological reservoirs. The injection of CO2 gives rise to pore pressure buildup. It is crucial to monitor the rising pore pressure in order to prevent the potential failure of the reservoir and the subsequent leakage of the stored CO2 into the overburden layers, and then back to the atmosphere. In this paper, the Minjur sandstone reservoir in eastern Saudi Arabia was considered for establishing a coupled geomechanical model and performing the corresponding stability analysis. During the geomechanical modeling process, the fault passing through the Minjur and Marrat layers was also considered. The injection-induced pore-pressure and ground uplift profiles were calculated for the case of absence of a fault across the reservoir, as well as the case with a fault. The stability analysis was performed using the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. In the current study, the excessive increase in pore pressure, in the absence of geological faults, moved the reservoir closer to the failure envelope, but in the presence of geological faults, the reservoir reached to the failure envelope and the faults were activated. The developed geomechanical model provided estimates for the safe injection parameters of CO2 based on the magnitudes of the reservoir pore pressure and stresses in the reservoir.

ACS Style

Sikandar Khan; Yehia Khulief; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail; Salem Bashmal; Naveed Iqbal. The Geomechanical and Fault Activation Modeling during CO2 Injection into Deep Minjur Reservoir, Eastern Saudi Arabia. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9800 .

AMA Style

Sikandar Khan, Yehia Khulief, Abdullatif Al-Shuhail, Salem Bashmal, Naveed Iqbal. The Geomechanical and Fault Activation Modeling during CO2 Injection into Deep Minjur Reservoir, Eastern Saudi Arabia. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):9800.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sikandar Khan; Yehia Khulief; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail; Salem Bashmal; Naveed Iqbal. 2020. "The Geomechanical and Fault Activation Modeling during CO2 Injection into Deep Minjur Reservoir, Eastern Saudi Arabia." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 9800.

Journal article
Published: 24 August 2020 in Energies
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Thermoacoustic refrigerators have huge potential to replace conventional refrigeration systems as an alternative clean refrigeration technology. These devices utilize conversion of acoustic power and heat energy to generate the desired cooling. The stack plays a pivotal role in the performance of Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerators (SWTARs), as the heat transfer takes place across it. Performance of stacks can be significantly improved by making an arrangement of different materials inside the stack, resulting in anisotropic thermal properties along the length. In the present numerical study, the effect of multi-layered stack on the refrigeration performance of a SWTAR has been evaluated in terms of temperature drop across the stack, acoustic power consumed and device Coefficient of Performance (COP). Two different aspects of multi-layered stack, namely, different material combinations and different lengths of stacked layers, have been investigated. The combinations of four stack materials and length ratios have been investigated. The numerical results showed that multi-layered stacks produce lower refrigeration temperatures, consume less energy and have higher COP value than their homogeneous counterparts. Among all the material combinations of multi-layered stack investigated, stacks composed of a material layer with low thermal conductivity at the ends, i.e., RVC, produced the best performance with an increase of 26.14% in temperature drop value, reduction in the acoustic power consumption by 4.55% and COP enhancement of 5.12%. The results also showed that, for a constant overall length, an increase in length of side stacked material layer results in an increase in values of both temperature drop and COP.

ACS Style

Umar Nawaz Bhatti; Salem Bashmal; Sikandar Khan; Rached Ben-Mansour. Numerical Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerators with a Multi-Layered Stack. Energies 2020, 13, 4360 .

AMA Style

Umar Nawaz Bhatti, Salem Bashmal, Sikandar Khan, Rached Ben-Mansour. Numerical Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerators with a Multi-Layered Stack. Energies. 2020; 13 (17):4360.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Umar Nawaz Bhatti; Salem Bashmal; Sikandar Khan; Rached Ben-Mansour. 2020. "Numerical Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerators with a Multi-Layered Stack." Energies 13, no. 17: 4360.

Original article
Published: 09 June 2020 in Environmental Earth Sciences
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The excessive burning of the fossil fuels has caused severe global climatic changes such as increasing the global temperature, causing initiation of the wild fire, rising the sea level, increasing the floods, storms, amount of rain and snow. One of the effective global mitigation strategies is sequestration of huge quantity of CO2 deep below the ground level for a long period of time. An important issue is to ensure the permanency and safety of the sequestration process due to the associated pore-pressure buildup. It is necessary to have correct estimates of the pore-pressure buildup, ground uplift and re-activation of any existing fault during the process of CO2 injection and long-term storage. In this investigation, the effects of reservoir size and boundary conditions are investigated by means of geomechanical modeling of the deep Biyadh sandstone reservoir in Saudi Arabia. Currently, carbon dioxide is not injected into the actual Biyadh reservoir. In this investigative modeling, CO2 is injected for an injection period of ten years using a single injection well at the center of the reservoir. The developed modeling scheme for a single injection well has been extended further to include multiple injection wells. For multiple injection wells, the reservoir size and locations of injection wells are varied to evaluate their effect on the pore-pressure buildup and ground uplift. The reservoir stability analysis has been performed using Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion for both small and large reservoir models, with the same injection parameters. The simulation results demonstrated that pressure buildup and ground uplift are relatively higher for reservoirs with small sizes and closed boundaries; while in the case of large sizes and open boundaries, the pore-pressure buildup and ground uplift are relatively lower. Moreover, the effect of the reservoir size and boundary conditions on the reactivation of faults during CO2 injection has been evaluated. The stability analysis performed in this study shows that injecting CO2 into larger size reservoir is safer as compared to smaller size reservoir. Injecting CO2 with multiple injection wells will cause pore-pressure buildup of huge magnitudes. The modeling results show that suggesting a representative volume for the reservoir during CO2 injection can under-estimate the pore-pressure buildup and fault re-activation that can cause the reservoir failure and leakage of the stored CO2.

ACS Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. Effects of reservoir size and boundary conditions on pore-pressure buildup and fault reactivation during CO2 injection in deep geological reservoirs. Environmental Earth Sciences 2020, 79, 1 -23.

AMA Style

Sikandar Khan, Y. A. Khulief, A. A. Al-Shuhail. Effects of reservoir size and boundary conditions on pore-pressure buildup and fault reactivation during CO2 injection in deep geological reservoirs. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2020; 79 (12):1-23.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. 2020. "Effects of reservoir size and boundary conditions on pore-pressure buildup and fault reactivation during CO2 injection in deep geological reservoirs." Environmental Earth Sciences 79, no. 12: 1-23.

Journal article
Published: 02 June 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Risky and aggressive driving maneuvers are considered a significant indicator for traffic accident occurrence as well as they aggravate their severity. Traffic violations caused by such uncivilized driving behavior is a global issue. Studies in existing literature have used statistical analysis methods to explore key contributing factors toward aggressive driving and traffic violations. However, such methods are unable to capture latent correlations among predictor variables, and they also suffer from low prediction accuracies. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate different traffic violations using spatial analysis and machine learning methods in the city of Luzhou, China. Violations committed by taxi drivers are the focus of the current study since they constitute a significant proportion of total violations reported in the city. Georeferenced violation data for the year 2016 was obtained from the traffic police department. Detailed descriptive analysis is presented to summarize key statistics about various violation types. Results revealed that over-speeding was the most prevalent violation type observed in the study area. Frequency-based nearest neighborhood cluster methods in Arc map Geographic Information System (GIS) were used to develop hotspot maps for different violation types that are vital for prioritizing and conducting treatment alternatives efficiently. Finally, different machine learning (ML) methods, including decision tree, AdaBoost with a base estimator decision tree, and stack model, were employed to predict and classify each violation type. The proposed methods were compared based on different evaluation metrics like accuracy, F-1 measure, specificity, and log loss. Prediction results demonstrated the adequacy and robustness of proposed machine learning (ML) methods. However, a detailed comparative analysis showed that the stack model outperformed other models in terms of proposed evaluation metrics.

ACS Style

Muhammad Zahid; Yangzhou Chen; Sikandar Khan; Arshad Jamal; Muhammad Ijaz; Tufail Ahmed. Predicting Risky and Aggressive Driving Behavior among Taxi Drivers: Do Spatio-Temporal Attributes Matter? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 3937 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Zahid, Yangzhou Chen, Sikandar Khan, Arshad Jamal, Muhammad Ijaz, Tufail Ahmed. Predicting Risky and Aggressive Driving Behavior among Taxi Drivers: Do Spatio-Temporal Attributes Matter? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (11):3937.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Zahid; Yangzhou Chen; Sikandar Khan; Arshad Jamal; Muhammad Ijaz; Tufail Ahmed. 2020. "Predicting Risky and Aggressive Driving Behavior among Taxi Drivers: Do Spatio-Temporal Attributes Matter?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11: 3937.

Original article
Published: 23 June 2018 in Environmental Earth Sciences
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The depleted petroleum reservoirs are considered geologically attractive sites for carbon dioxide sequestration. The process of oil recovery is commonly improved by water injection. By the time when the reservoir is shut off, it is nearly filled with water, while the rock matrix is almost depleted of oil. The injection of carbon dioxide into petroleum reservoirs with high water saturation tends to increase the reservoir’s pressure and may result in ground uplift. In the present study, a production well is introduced into the reservoir along with the carbon dioxide injection well to reduce the pore pressure buildup during injection. A fully coupled geomechanical analysis is performed to determine the safe injection parameters for the selected sequestration site of Ghawar field and to analyze the effect of adding a production well on the pore pressure buildup, ground uplift, and reservoir stability. Two scenarios are considered in this study. In the first scenario, CO2 is injected via a central injection well. In the second scenario, a water production well is added at a distance away from the central injection well. The pore pressure and the ensuing ground uplift are calculated for different injection pressures and durations. The effect of the added production well location on the buildup of the pore pressure and subsequently on the stability of the reservoir has been analyzed, and some benchmark results are presented.

ACS Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. Alleviation of pore pressure buildup and ground uplift during carbon dioxide injection into Ghawar Arab-D carbonate naturally fractured reservoir. Environmental Earth Sciences 2018, 77, 449 .

AMA Style

Sikandar Khan, Y. A. Khulief, A. A. Al-Shuhail. Alleviation of pore pressure buildup and ground uplift during carbon dioxide injection into Ghawar Arab-D carbonate naturally fractured reservoir. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2018; 77 (12):449.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. 2018. "Alleviation of pore pressure buildup and ground uplift during carbon dioxide injection into Ghawar Arab-D carbonate naturally fractured reservoir." Environmental Earth Sciences 77, no. 12: 449.

Conference paper
Published: 31 May 2018 in World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018
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The continuous emission of carbon dioxide to the environment has caused major climatic changes and is the main cause of the global warming. In order to mitigate the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the excess amount of carbon dioxide needs to be permanently stored in the deep sedimentary rocks. The pore pressure buildup during carbon dioxide injection process needs to be monitored in order to prevent the failure of the reservoir and hence the leakage of the stored carbon dioxide. In this paper, coupled geomechanical modeling and stability analysis are performed for the Minjur Sandstone reservoir in Saudi Arabia. The pore pressure buildup and ground uplift was calculated during carbon dioxide injection into the reservoir. The Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion was utilized to perform the stability analysis of the reservoir. The stability analysis was performed for the reservoir which suggested safe carbon dioxide injection parameters based on the changes in the pore pressure and horizontal stresses in the reservoir.

ACS Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. Coupled Reservoir-Geomechanical Modeling and Stability Analysis during CO 2 Injection into Minjur Sandstone Reservoir. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Sikandar Khan, Y. A. Khulief, A. A. Al-Shuhail. Coupled Reservoir-Geomechanical Modeling and Stability Analysis during CO 2 Injection into Minjur Sandstone Reservoir. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. 2018. "Coupled Reservoir-Geomechanical Modeling and Stability Analysis during CO 2 Injection into Minjur Sandstone Reservoir." World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018 , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in International Journal of Global Warming
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ACS Style

Sikandar Khan; Y.A. Khulief; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. The effect of injection well arrangement on CO2 injection into carbonate petroleum reservoir. International Journal of Global Warming 2018, 14, 462 .

AMA Style

Sikandar Khan, Y.A. Khulief, Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. The effect of injection well arrangement on CO2 injection into carbonate petroleum reservoir. International Journal of Global Warming. 2018; 14 (4):462.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sikandar Khan; Y.A. Khulief; Abdullatif Al-Shuhail. 2018. "The effect of injection well arrangement on CO2 injection into carbonate petroleum reservoir." International Journal of Global Warming 14, no. 4: 462.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2017 in International Journal of Geomechanics
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ACS Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. Numerical Modeling of the Geomechanical Behavior of Biyadh Reservoir Undergoing CO 2 Injection. International Journal of Geomechanics 2017, 17, 04017039 .

AMA Style

Sikandar Khan, Y. A. Khulief, A. A. Al-Shuhail. Numerical Modeling of the Geomechanical Behavior of Biyadh Reservoir Undergoing CO 2 Injection. International Journal of Geomechanics. 2017; 17 (8):04017039.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sikandar Khan; Y. A. Khulief; A. A. Al-Shuhail. 2017. "Numerical Modeling of the Geomechanical Behavior of Biyadh Reservoir Undergoing CO 2 Injection." International Journal of Geomechanics 17, no. 8: 04017039.

Corrigendum
Published: 21 April 2015 in The Scientific World Journal
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ACS Style

Kamran Shah; Izhar Ul Haq; Shaukat Ali Shah; Farid Khan; Muhammad Tahir Khan; Sikandar Khan. Corrigendum to “Experimental Study of Direct Laser Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 by Using Pulsed Parameters”. The Scientific World Journal 2015, 2015, 1 -1.

AMA Style

Kamran Shah, Izhar Ul Haq, Shaukat Ali Shah, Farid Khan, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Sikandar Khan. Corrigendum to “Experimental Study of Direct Laser Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 by Using Pulsed Parameters”. The Scientific World Journal. 2015; 2015 ():1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kamran Shah; Izhar Ul Haq; Shaukat Ali Shah; Farid Khan; Muhammad Tahir Khan; Sikandar Khan. 2015. "Corrigendum to “Experimental Study of Direct Laser Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 by Using Pulsed Parameters”." The Scientific World Journal 2015, no. : 1-1.

Research article
Published: 05 June 2014 in Journal of Wind Energy
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This paper describes the starting behavior of small horizontal axis wind turbines at high angles of attack and low Reynolds number. The unfavorable relative wind direction during the starting time leads to low starting torque and more idling time. Wind turbine models of sizes less than 5 meters were simulated at wind speed range of 2 m/s to 5 m/s. Wind turbines were modeled in Pro/E and based on the optimized designs given by MATLAB codes. Wind turbine models were simulated in ADAMS for improving the starting behavior. The models with high starting torques and less idling times were selected. The starting behavior was successfully improved and the optimized wind turbine models were able to produce more starting torque even at wind speeds less than 5 m/s.

ACS Style

Sikandar Khan; Kamran Shah; Izhar- Ul- Haq; Hamid Khan; Sajid Ali; Naveed Ahmad; Muhammad Abid; Haider Ali; Ihsanullah; Mazhar Sher. Observation of the Starting and Low Speed Behavior of Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine. Journal of Wind Energy 2014, 2014, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Sikandar Khan, Kamran Shah, Izhar- Ul- Haq, Hamid Khan, Sajid Ali, Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Abid, Haider Ali, Ihsanullah, Mazhar Sher. Observation of the Starting and Low Speed Behavior of Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine. Journal of Wind Energy. 2014; 2014 ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sikandar Khan; Kamran Shah; Izhar- Ul- Haq; Hamid Khan; Sajid Ali; Naveed Ahmad; Muhammad Abid; Haider Ali; Ihsanullah; Mazhar Sher. 2014. "Observation of the Starting and Low Speed Behavior of Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine." Journal of Wind Energy 2014, no. : 1-8.