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The rapid deteriorative quality is a major factor that currently limits storage and transport of fresh lotus seeds. However, the physiological changes and molecular mechanisms of lotus seeds during postharvest storage remains poorly understood. Here, physiological and RNA-sequencing analyses were conducted on the postharvest seeds of seed-lotus cultivar ‘Jianxuan 17’. A rapid increase in starch and protein content was observed, while soluble sugar content was continuously decreased during postharvest storage, which could explain increased hardness and reduced sweetness of lotus seeds. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 3148 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and functional enrichment analysis showed six pathways that included starch and sucrose metabolism were commonly enriched in all comparison groups. Most DEGs involved in energy metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle were down-regulated. Altered starch and soluble sugar contents were associated with significant changes in activity of enzymes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism. In addition, the content of plant hormones including, auxin (IAA), jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and salicylic acid (SA), increased in lotus seeds during postharvest storage, and the activation of signaling transduction pathways were demonstrated at transcriptional level. These results provide not only valuable gene expression dataset for investigating molecular mechanism underlying changes during postharvest storage, but also is a useful reference for developing further preservation technology of fresh lotus seeds.
Heng Sun; Yanling Liu; Junyu Ma; Yunmeng Wang; Heyun Song; Juanjuan Li; Xianbao Deng; Dong Yang; Juan Liu; Minghua Zhang; Yaqian Xiong; Mei Yang. Transcriptome analysis provides strategies for postharvest lotus seeds preservation. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2021, 179, 111583 .
AMA StyleHeng Sun, Yanling Liu, Junyu Ma, Yunmeng Wang, Heyun Song, Juanjuan Li, Xianbao Deng, Dong Yang, Juan Liu, Minghua Zhang, Yaqian Xiong, Mei Yang. Transcriptome analysis provides strategies for postharvest lotus seeds preservation. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 2021; 179 ():111583.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeng Sun; Yanling Liu; Junyu Ma; Yunmeng Wang; Heyun Song; Juanjuan Li; Xianbao Deng; Dong Yang; Juan Liu; Minghua Zhang; Yaqian Xiong; Mei Yang. 2021. "Transcriptome analysis provides strategies for postharvest lotus seeds preservation." Postharvest Biology and Technology 179, no. : 111583.
The lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is one of the most popular aquatic plants in Asia, and has emerged as a novel model for studying flower and rhizome development, and primary and secondary metabolite accumulation. Here, we developed a highly efficient callus induction system for the lotus by optimizing a series of key factors that affect callus formation. The highest efficient callus production was induced on immature cotyledon and embryo explants grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing an optimized combination of 3 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA). In addition, lotus callus induction was proven to be influenced by lotus genotypes, light conditions, the developmental stages of explants and the time of explant sampling. Collecting immature cotyledons from seeds of the genotype “Shilihe 1”, at 9 days post pollination, and to culture the explants in darkness, are proposed as the optimum conditions for lotus callus induction. Interestingly, highly efficient callus induction was also observed in explants of immature embryo derived aseptic seedlings; and a small amount of lotus benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) and obvious expression of BIA biosynthetic genes were detected in lotus callus.
Xianbao Deng; Yaqian Xiong; Jing Li; Dong Yang; Juan Liu; Heng Sun; Heyun Song; Yunmeng Wang; Junyu Ma; Yanling Liu; Mei Yang. The Establishment of an Efficient Callus Induction System for Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). Plants 2020, 9, 1436 .
AMA StyleXianbao Deng, Yaqian Xiong, Jing Li, Dong Yang, Juan Liu, Heng Sun, Heyun Song, Yunmeng Wang, Junyu Ma, Yanling Liu, Mei Yang. The Establishment of an Efficient Callus Induction System for Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). Plants. 2020; 9 (11):1436.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXianbao Deng; Yaqian Xiong; Jing Li; Dong Yang; Juan Liu; Heng Sun; Heyun Song; Yunmeng Wang; Junyu Ma; Yanling Liu; Mei Yang. 2020. "The Establishment of an Efficient Callus Induction System for Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)." Plants 9, no. 11: 1436.
Background Starch in the lotus seed contains a high proportion of amylose, which endows lotus seed a promising property in the development of hypoglycemic and low-glycemic index functional food. Currently, improving starch content is one of the major goals for seed-lotus breeding. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) plays an essential role in regulating starch biosynthesis in plants, but little is known about its characterization in lotus. Results We describe the nutritional compositions of lotus seed among 30 varieties with starch as a major component. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that AGPase genes were differentially expressed in two varieties (CA and JX) with significant different starch content. Seven putative AGPase genes were identified in the lotus genome (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), which could be grouped into two subfamilies. Selective pressure analysis indicated that purifying selection acted as a vital force in the evolution of AGPase genes. Expression analysis revealed that lotus AGPase genes have varying expression patterns, with NnAGPL2a and NnAGPS1a as the most predominantly expressed, especially in seed and rhizome. NnAGPL2a and NnAGPS1a were co-expressed with a number of starch and sucrose metabolism pathway related genes, and their expressions were accompanied by increased AGPase activity and starch content in lotus seed. Conclusions Seven AGPase genes were characterized in lotus, with NnAGPL2a and NnAGPS1a, as the key genes involved in starch biosynthesis in lotus seed. These results considerably extend our understanding on lotus AGPase genes and provide theoretical basis for breeding new lotus varieties with high-starch content.
Heng Sun; Juanjuan Li; Heyun Song; Dong Yang; Xianbao Deng; Juan Liu; Yunmeng Wang; Junyu Ma; Yaqian Xiong; Yanling Liu; Mei Yang. Comprehensive analysis of AGPase genes uncovers their potential roles in starch biosynthesis in lotus seed. BMC Plant Biology 2020, 20, 1 -15.
AMA StyleHeng Sun, Juanjuan Li, Heyun Song, Dong Yang, Xianbao Deng, Juan Liu, Yunmeng Wang, Junyu Ma, Yaqian Xiong, Yanling Liu, Mei Yang. Comprehensive analysis of AGPase genes uncovers their potential roles in starch biosynthesis in lotus seed. BMC Plant Biology. 2020; 20 (1):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeng Sun; Juanjuan Li; Heyun Song; Dong Yang; Xianbao Deng; Juan Liu; Yunmeng Wang; Junyu Ma; Yaqian Xiong; Yanling Liu; Mei Yang. 2020. "Comprehensive analysis of AGPase genes uncovers their potential roles in starch biosynthesis in lotus seed." BMC Plant Biology 20, no. 1: 1-15.
The WRKY family is one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families in plants and plays central roles in modulating plant stress responses and developmental processes, as well as secondary metabolic regulations. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is an aquatic crop that has significant food, ornamental and pharmacological values. Here, we performed an overview analysis of WRKY TF family members in lotus, and studied their functions in environmental adaptation and regulation of lotus benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) biosynthesis. A total of 65 WRKY genes were identified in the lotus genome and they were well clustered in a similar pattern with their Arabidopsis homologs in seven groups (designated I, IIa-IIe, and III), although no lotus WRKY was clustered in the group IIIa. Most lotus WRKYs were functionally paired, which was attributed to the recently occurred whole genome duplication in lotus. In addition, lotus WRKYs were regulated dramatically by salicilic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and submergence treatments, and two lotus WRKYs, NnWRKY40a and NnWRKY40b, were significantly induced by JA and promoted lotus BIA biosynthesis through activating BIA biosynthetic genes. The investigation of WRKY TFs for this basal eudicot reveals new insights into the evolution of the WRKY family, and provides fundamental information for their functional studies and lotus breeding.
Jing Li; Yacen Xiong; Yi Li; Shiqi Ye; Qi Yin; Siqi Gao; Dong Yang; Mei Yang; E. Tapio Palva; Xianbao Deng. Comprehensive Analysis and Functional Studies of WRKY Transcription Factors in Nelumbo nucifera. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 5006 .
AMA StyleJing Li, Yacen Xiong, Yi Li, Shiqi Ye, Qi Yin, Siqi Gao, Dong Yang, Mei Yang, E. Tapio Palva, Xianbao Deng. Comprehensive Analysis and Functional Studies of WRKY Transcription Factors in Nelumbo nucifera. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (20):5006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing Li; Yacen Xiong; Yi Li; Shiqi Ye; Qi Yin; Siqi Gao; Dong Yang; Mei Yang; E. Tapio Palva; Xianbao Deng. 2019. "Comprehensive Analysis and Functional Studies of WRKY Transcription Factors in Nelumbo nucifera." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5006.
MYB superfamily is one of the most abundant transcription factors in plants, which are involved in many physiological and biochemical processes. Among them, R2R3 MYB might be the most widely studied subfamily. Here, we characterized the gene structures, expressional patterns, and potential functions of 116 R2R3 MYB genes in a genome-wide manner in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). Compared with those in Arabidopsis and grape, the lotus R2R3 MYB genes are conserved in exon’s number and length. Most of them constitute three exons and two introns with the first two exons being highly conserved in their length. According to the structure of exon and DNA-binding domain-imperfect repeat (R), these R2R3 MYB genes were classified into four groups. The expression of 13 candidate MYB genes that are related to flavonoid biosynthesis was analyzed in lotus different tissues. One gene expresses highly in all tissues and might positively regulate common flavonoid biosynthesis. Two genes might positively regulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, respectively, resulting in the pigmentation of flower and seed. While five members that are similar to Zm38 are expressed lowly in different tissues. This genome-wide analysis of R2R3 MYB genes in lotus may provide more comprehensive insights on the structure and function of this gene family, and hence contribute a lot to plant’s genetic engineering in improving the colorization of flowers or other tissues.
Jiao Deng; Ming Li; Longyu Huang; Mei Yang; Pingfang Yang. Genome-Wide Analysis of the R2R3 MYB Subfamily Genes in Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 2016, 34, 1016 -1026.
AMA StyleJiao Deng, Ming Li, Longyu Huang, Mei Yang, Pingfang Yang. Genome-Wide Analysis of the R2R3 MYB Subfamily Genes in Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). Plant Molecular Biology Reporter. 2016; 34 (5):1016-1026.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiao Deng; Ming Li; Longyu Huang; Mei Yang; Pingfang Yang. 2016. "Genome-Wide Analysis of the R2R3 MYB Subfamily Genes in Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)." Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 34, no. 5: 1016-1026.
Lotus is a diploid plant with agricultural, medicinal, and ecological significance. Genetic linkage maps are fundamental resources for genome and genetic study, and also provide molecular markers for breeding in agriculturally important species. Genotyping by sequencing revolutionized genetic mapping, the restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) allowed rapid discovery of thousands of SNPs markers, and a crucial aspect of the sequence based mapping strategy is the reference sequences used for marker identification. We assessed the effectiveness of linkage mapping using three types of references for scoring markers: the unmasked genome, repeat masked genome, and gene models. Overall, the repeat masked genome produced the optimal genetic maps. A high-density genetic map of American lotus was constructed using an F1 population derived from a cross between Nelumbo nucifera ‘China Antique’ and N. lutea ‘AL1’. A total of 4,098 RADseq markers were used to construct the American lotus ‘AL1’ genetic map, and 147 markers were used to construct the Chinese lotus ‘China Antique’ genetic map. The American lotus map has 9 linkage groups, and spans 494.3 cM, with an average distance of 0.7 cM between adjacent markers. The American lotus map was used to anchor scaffold sequences in the N. nucifera ‘China Antique’ draft genome. 3,603 RADseq markers anchored 234 individual scaffold sequences into 9 megascaffolds spanning 67% of the 804 Mb draft genome. Among the unmasked genome, repeat masked genome and gene models, the optimal reference sequences to call RADseq markers for map construction is repeat masked genome. This high density genetic map is a valuable resource for genomic research and crop improvement in lotus.
Qiong Zhang; Leiting Li; Robert VanBuren; Yanling Liu; Mei Yang; Liming Xu; John E Bowers; Caihong Zhong; Yuepeng Han; Shaohua Li; Ray Ming. Optimization of linkage mapping strategy and construction of a high-density American lotus linkage map. BMC Genomics 2014, 15, 1 -13.
AMA StyleQiong Zhang, Leiting Li, Robert VanBuren, Yanling Liu, Mei Yang, Liming Xu, John E Bowers, Caihong Zhong, Yuepeng Han, Shaohua Li, Ray Ming. Optimization of linkage mapping strategy and construction of a high-density American lotus linkage map. BMC Genomics. 2014; 15 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQiong Zhang; Leiting Li; Robert VanBuren; Yanling Liu; Mei Yang; Liming Xu; John E Bowers; Caihong Zhong; Yuepeng Han; Shaohua Li; Ray Ming. 2014. "Optimization of linkage mapping strategy and construction of a high-density American lotus linkage map." BMC Genomics 15, no. 1: 1-13.
The genus Nelumbo Adans. comprises two living species, N. nucifera Gaertan. (Asian lotus) and N. lutea Pers. (American lotus). A genetic linkage map is an essential resource for plant genetic studies and crop improvement but has not been generated for Nelumbo. We aimed to develop genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from the genome sequence and construct two genetic maps for Nelumbo to assist genome assembly and integration of a genetic map with the genome sequence.
Mei Yang; Yanni Han; Robert VanBuren; Ray Ming; Liming Xu; Yuepeng Han; Yanling Liu. Genetic linkage maps for Asian and American lotus constructed using novel SSR markers derived from the genome of sequenced cultivar. BMC Genomics 2012, 13, 653 -653.
AMA StyleMei Yang, Yanni Han, Robert VanBuren, Ray Ming, Liming Xu, Yuepeng Han, Yanling Liu. Genetic linkage maps for Asian and American lotus constructed using novel SSR markers derived from the genome of sequenced cultivar. BMC Genomics. 2012; 13 (1):653-653.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMei Yang; Yanni Han; Robert VanBuren; Ray Ming; Liming Xu; Yuepeng Han; Yanling Liu. 2012. "Genetic linkage maps for Asian and American lotus constructed using novel SSR markers derived from the genome of sequenced cultivar." BMC Genomics 13, no. 1: 653-653.