This paper presents a new chaos-based True Random Number Generator (TRNG) with decreased voltage supply sensitivity. Contrary to the traditionally used sources of randomness it uses well-defined deterministic switched-capacitor circuit that exhibits chaos. The whole design is embedded into commercially available mixed-signal PSoC reconfigurable device without any external components. Proposed design is optimized for reduction of influence of supply voltage to the quality of generated random bit stream. The influence of circuit non-idealities is significantly reduced by the proposed XOR corrector and optimized circuit topology. The ultimate output bit rate of proposed TRNG is 60 kbit/s and quality of generated bit-streams is confirmed by passing standard FIPS and correlation statistical tests performed in the full range of PSoC device supply voltages.

The paper aims to propose a sequence of steps that will allow multi-person tracking with a single UWB radar equipped with the minimal antenna array needed for trilateration. Its localization accuracy is admittedly limited, but on the other hand, thoughtfully chosen placement of antennas can increase the detectability of several humans moving in their immediate vicinity and additionally decrease the computational complexity of the signal processing methods. It is shown that the UWB radar measuring with high rate and fine range resolution in conjunction with properly tuned processing parameters can continually track people even in the case when their radar echoes are crossing or merging. Emphasis is given to the simplified method of the time-of-arrival (TOA) estimation and association and the novel method needed for antenna height compensation. The performance of the proposed human tracking framework is evaluated for the experimental scenario with three people moving closely in a small room. A quantitative analysis of the estimated target tracks confirms the benefits of suggested high antenna placement and application of new signal processing methods in the form of decreasing the mean localization error and increasing the frequency of correct target position estimations.

This paper describes analysis of target positioning accuracy for ultra wideband (UWB) maximum length binary sequence (M-sequence) radar system under ideal conditions in two dimensional space. In this case, it is shown that the target position estimation error is cased by quantization of time of arrival (TOA) measured by the radar system. The appropriate statistical quantities are suggested for describing these errors. The properties of M-sequence UWB radar systems performing under ideal conditions are illustrated by a set of simulations. The results obtained in this paper can be applied as a base for the design of positioning system based on M-sequence UWB radar.

All ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor applications require hardware designed directly for their specific application. The switching of broadband radio frequency and microwave signals is an integral part of almost every piece of high-frequency equipment, whether in commercial operation or laboratory conditions. The trend of integrating various circuit structures and systems on a chip (SoC) or in a single package (SiP) is also related to the need to design these integrated switches for various measuring devices and instruments in laboratories, paradoxically for their further development. Another possible use is switching high-frequency signals in telecommunications devices, whether mobile or fixed networks, for example, for switching signals from several antennas. Based on these requirements, a high-frequency semiconductor integrated switch with NMOS transistors was designed. With these transistors, it is possible to achieve higher integration than with bipolar ones. Even though MOSFET transistors have worse frequency characteristics, we can compensate them to some extent with the precise design of the circuit and layout of the chip. This article describes the analysis and design of a high-frequency semiconductor integrated switch for UWB applications consisting of three series-parallel switches controlled by CMOS logic signals. They are primarily intended for UWB sensor systems, e.g., when switching and configuring the antenna MIMO system or when switching calibration tools. The design of the switch was implemented in low-cost 0.35 µm SiGe BiCMOS technology with an emphasis on the smallest possible attenuation and the largest possible bandwidth and isolation. The reason for choosing this technology was also that other circuit structures of UWB systems were realized in this technology. Through the simulations, individual parameters of the circuit were simulated, the layout of the chip was also created, and the parameters of the circuit were simulated with the parasitic extraction and the inclusion of parasitic elements (post-layout simulations). Subsequently, the chip was manufactured and its parameters were measured and evaluated. Based on these measurements, the designed and fabricated UWB switch was found to have the following parameters: a supply current of 2 mA at 3.3 V, a bandwidth of 6 GHz, an insertion loss (at 1 GHz) of −2.2 dB, and isolation (at 1 GHz) of $-33$ dB, which satisfy the requirements for our UWB sensor applications.

The paper introduces a cryptographic system on a chip (SoC) implementation based on recent Actel nonvolatile FPGA Fusion chip with embedded ARM7 soft-core processor. The SoC is built on three main blocks - embedded soft-core with industry standard ARM7 architecture, internal Flash and static RAM memory blocks and custom true random number generator (TRNG) design. High flexibility of the SoC is based on efficient software implementation of main cryptographic primitives (AES, ECC, RSA, SHA) in soft-core. Implemented TRNG uses PLL-based simplified architecture with optional on- chip free running RC oscillator.