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Prof. Dr. Daniel Badulescu
University of Oradea

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0 Corporate Governance
0 CSR
0 Environmental Issues
0 Entrepreneurship and SME Policies
0 tourism and sustainability

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Journal article
Published: 26 July 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Recent years have witnessed continuous rise in adopting green innovations which is considered as an important organizational instrument to achieve profits by reducing environmental deterioration. However, green innovation in developing countries, especially in Pakistan, is surprisingly scant as compared to developed countries. This paper empirically investigated obstacles to green innovations in Pakistani manufacturing firms. Specifically, a novel three phase methodological framework was applied to investigate significant barriers and filtration by integrating Delphi method (DM), interpretive structural modeling (ISM), and cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC). Our results highlighted that lack of enforceable laws regarding returned goods and recycled products, lack of rules and regulations for green practices, and lack of collaboration with government and environmental institutions are most critical barriers. However, fear of failure about green innovation is least important barriers to green innovations adoption. This study offers interesting clues to promote green innovation in manufacturing industry.

ACS Style

Sajid Ullah; Naveed Ahmad; Farman Khan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. Mapping Interactions among Green Innovations Barriers in Manufacturing Industry Using Hybrid Methodology: Insights from a Developing Country. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7885 .

AMA Style

Sajid Ullah, Naveed Ahmad, Farman Khan, Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu. Mapping Interactions among Green Innovations Barriers in Manufacturing Industry Using Hybrid Methodology: Insights from a Developing Country. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (15):7885.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sajid Ullah; Naveed Ahmad; Farman Khan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "Mapping Interactions among Green Innovations Barriers in Manufacturing Industry Using Hybrid Methodology: Insights from a Developing Country." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15: 7885.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences
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Cities are one of the main factors influencing the economic development and prosperity of societies. Smart cities, fueled by innovation and the Internet of Things, are built on three pillars - improving the residents’ quality of life, business competitiveness, and ensuring a sustainable environment. When applied within the six urban areas: economy, mobility, security, education, living conditions, and environment, cities can much faster make the transition to smart cities. The term smart city is often associated with the desire for accelerated modernization of various spatial and urban social interactions, the term “smart city” often being fuelled by technological developments. Proof of this are the terms used to define the same concept: “digital city”, “e-communities”, “intelligent city”, “e-City”, “wired city”. However, a smart city is called upon to respond to the needs of cities and societies alike to approach challenges in a novel and creative manner. The motivations for transforming existing cities into smart ones are obvious and straightforward. They come on one hand, from the threats of current demographic phenomena (population growth, migration, public health, safety, and living conditions), and also from the opportunities of solutions that can be brought by technological developments and innovation, transformations of generations (new “Digital” generations), and civic involvement (participation and inclusion) in the management of modern cities. Thus, the meaning associated to the name of the smart city does not only overlap with the idea of modernization and expansion, but also wants to combine, simultaneously, competitiveness and sustainable urban development. In the present study, by building upon a European vision as regards the development of smart cities, we have attempted to build an image of the European envisioned smart city, which is to be planned out and sought after through a series of strategic partnerships for innovation. Not only is the European vision detailed, but Romanian specific urban development and smart city tendencies shall also be briefly analyzed in this paper.

ACS Style

Carmen Florina Fagadar; Diana Teodora Trip; Darie Gavrilut; Daniel Badulescu. SMART CITIES AND THE EUROPEAN VISION. The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 2021, 30, 49 -60.

AMA Style

Carmen Florina Fagadar, Diana Teodora Trip, Darie Gavrilut, Daniel Badulescu. SMART CITIES AND THE EUROPEAN VISION. The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences. 2021; 30 (30 (1)):49-60.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carmen Florina Fagadar; Diana Teodora Trip; Darie Gavrilut; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "SMART CITIES AND THE EUROPEAN VISION." The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 30, no. 30 (1): 49-60.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences
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The knowledge-based economy and the digital world are steadily transforming the teaching of younger generations but also the role and involvement of the teacher in the educational act. Accepting the essential role of economic education in the development of students’ mentalities and abilities, we implicitly recognize the central role played by teachers and teaching methods, as a considerable challenge to transform education, focus on active learning, providing students with new experiences inside and outside the classroom, involving modern methods of learning and experimentation. Generating digital educational content, as well as designing instructional tools that allow easy access to students of this content requires an effort of adaptation by educators for new educational realities. Digital literacy of teachers is necessary, as the first condition, and then it is necessary to form skills that allow the generation of content with characteristics adapted to educational needs, respecting quality criteria and ethical criteria. In this paper, the author also aims to present the ASQ platform as a space where teachers can create digital content, which can be shared nationally with other educators and which can be used successfully in specific economics classrooms.

ACS Style

Mihaela Moca; Alina Badulescu. E-LEARNING AND M-LEARNING CONTENT GENERATION AS LEARNING SUPPORT IN ECONOMIC EDUCATION. The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 2021, 30, 121 -129.

AMA Style

Mihaela Moca, Alina Badulescu. E-LEARNING AND M-LEARNING CONTENT GENERATION AS LEARNING SUPPORT IN ECONOMIC EDUCATION. The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences. 2021; 30 (30 (1)):121-129.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mihaela Moca; Alina Badulescu. 2021. "E-LEARNING AND M-LEARNING CONTENT GENERATION AS LEARNING SUPPORT IN ECONOMIC EDUCATION." The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 30, no. 30 (1): 121-129.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences
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For the development of a dynamic and innovative small and medium enterprises (SME) sector is widely recognized in economic theory and practice. Entrepreneurship do not only contribute to productivity improvements, but it could also help finding practical solutions to social and environmental challenges, climate change, global economic or health crises. However, despite this widespread recognition, entrepreneurship relatively recently becomes a concern for the decision-makers’, and in many cases the support measures are partial, difficult to understand and access, marked by bureaucracy and over-regulation, even in developed countries. Therefore, the active involvement of policy makers, the contribution of public or private support structures, education, public awareness of the benefits of entrepreneurship and small and medium-sized businesses are essential. Building policies and strategies to support entrepreneurship starts from objective characteristics, but it must be adapted to the specific conditions of each country, the profile, size and structure of the business sector in that country (or region) in order to enhance its contribution to development goals. In our article we state that public policies for entrepreneurship must find a balance between stimulating the new firms’ creation, the size of existing ones and the impetus given to the sub-sector of dynamic, innovative companies, high growth-oriented. In the case of the developed countries analysed here, characterized by opportunity-driven entrepreneurship, the objectives of public policies to support entrepreneurship and SMEs should not excessively focus on setting up new companies. Rather, they must insist on creating a business-friendly environment and promoting an entrepreneurial culture, on the efficient functioning of support structures and networks, on encouraging the establishment and development of companies based on high knowledge, on strengthening and growth of the existing SMEs. Keywords: entrepreneurship; SMEs; public policy support, EU.

ACS Style

Dragos Dianu; Monica (Cenan) Ciuco; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. PUBLIC POLICIES TO SUPPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP: DO THEY CONTRIBUTE TO STRENGTHEN SMES SECTOR? The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 2021, 30, 39 -44.

AMA Style

Dragos Dianu, Monica (Cenan) Ciuco, Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu. PUBLIC POLICIES TO SUPPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP: DO THEY CONTRIBUTE TO STRENGTHEN SMES SECTOR? The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences. 2021; 30 (30 (1)):39-44.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dragos Dianu; Monica (Cenan) Ciuco; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "PUBLIC POLICIES TO SUPPORT ENTREPRENEURSHIP: DO THEY CONTRIBUTE TO STRENGTHEN SMES SECTOR?" The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 30, no. 30 (1): 39-44.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2021 in Sustainability
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The present study empirically investigates the effect of corporate governance on the value of cash holding, usage of excess cash, and firm performance in concentrated and competitive industries in the context of less developed countries. The empirical analysis was conducted in the panel data setting using Pakistan as a case study. Our findings suggest a strong relationship between the value of cash holding and corporate governance, and the complementary effect of product market competition for corporate governance. This suggests that the external market discipline is also needed, in addition to good governance, to resolve agency problems in less developed countries. This is because less developed countries are usually characterized by lower competition, poor mechanisms for shareholder protection, and weak legal systems. Consequently, agency problems are greater in less developed countries compared to developed countries. Our findings also indicate that firms with good governance dissipate less excess cash on internal investment, dividends and diversification in competitive industries. Moreover, the significant positive relationship between the lagged excess cash and corporate governance dummy interaction with the dividend supports the dividend outcome model, particularly in the concentrated industries. Finally, our results suggest that the efficient utilization of excess cash, induced by good governance, leads to better corporate performance in less developed countries.

ACS Style

Idrees Shah; Syed Ali Shah; Muhammad Nouman; Farman Khan; Daniel Badulescu; Laura-Mariana Cismas. Corporate Governance and Cash Holding: New Insights from Concentrated and Competitive Industries. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4816 .

AMA Style

Idrees Shah, Syed Ali Shah, Muhammad Nouman, Farman Khan, Daniel Badulescu, Laura-Mariana Cismas. Corporate Governance and Cash Holding: New Insights from Concentrated and Competitive Industries. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4816.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Idrees Shah; Syed Ali Shah; Muhammad Nouman; Farman Khan; Daniel Badulescu; Laura-Mariana Cismas. 2021. "Corporate Governance and Cash Holding: New Insights from Concentrated and Competitive Industries." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4816.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Oradea Journal of Business and Economics
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Tourism is one of the largest global industries; it generates economic and non-economic benefits for the world's nations, creates opportunities for many related industries, and has a significant contribution to local communities’ prosperity. Despite the extraordinary difficulties posed by the global pandemic crisis, its prospects to remain one of the main providers of jobs, income, and regional or global development are still encouraging. However, tourism is at a crossroads, and the contribution of entrepreneurship can give a new meaning, a new direction to the efforts to recover and resume growth. That is why it is important to understand the nature, scope, challenges, and dimensions of tourism entrepreneurship, the trends that accompanied its evolution in recent decades, and to perceive its future prospects. The emergence of new types and forms of tourism, the expansion of digital technology in most tourism sectors, challenges in existing practices, competition, and the changing models have to be carefully understood and analysed. Tourism and entrepreneurship, two driving forces for economic development, have been under the scrutiny of this study, as we tried to map out the knowledge base yielded between 1994 and 2020 timeframe. Bibliometric methods were employed in the analysis of articles. After analysing the available articles chosen with the criteria set of the study, 322 articles concerning tourism and entrepreneurship were obtained. Based on the citation analysis made with HistCite software, we identified the most influential authors, articles, and journals.

ACS Style

Carmen Florina Fagadar; Diana Teodora Trip; Daniel Badulescu. ACADEMIC CONTRIBUTIONS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP TOURISM RESEARCH. A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 2021, 6, 62 -73.

AMA Style

Carmen Florina Fagadar, Diana Teodora Trip, Daniel Badulescu. ACADEMIC CONTRIBUTIONS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP TOURISM RESEARCH. A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics. 2021; 6 (1):62-73.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carmen Florina Fagadar; Diana Teodora Trip; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "ACADEMIC CONTRIBUTIONS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP TOURISM RESEARCH. A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 6, no. 1: 62-73.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2021 in Sustainability
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The growth of technological revolutions and the subsequent acceptance of smart devices has increased the influence of sustainable marketing activities in the tourism industry. Due to the explosion of mobile technologies (e.g., smartphones, tablets) and social media adoption, consumers have been able to use these technologies at any time for destination marketing. However, understanding consumers’ sustainable marketing experiences from a destination perspective is a complex issue. At the moment, very few studies have focused on the effectiveness of smartphone-based social media in destination marketing. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to explore how consumers interpret and utilize smartphone-based social media for sustainable destination marketing. This study proposes an integrated framework that consists of the mobile technology acceptance model (MTAM) and the social media-based interaction, trendiness, and electronic-word-of-mouth (e-WoM). A questionnaire survey was used to collect data (n = 365), and valid data were analyzed by the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The findings revealed that interaction, trendiness, and e-WoM indirectly affected satisfaction through mobile usefulness and mobile ease of use. At the same time, mobile usefulness and mobile ease of use directly affected satisfaction, which then significantly influenced the intention to utilize those factors towards sustainable destination marketing. This study highlights the technological affordances and the satisfaction of smartphone-based social media in sustainable marketing. Furthermore, the results can be used in the resource allocation process to ensure the success of the vision and mission of sustainable destination marketing efforts.

ACS Style

Farzana Sharmin; Mohammad Sultan; Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Afrodita Borma; Benqian Li. Sustainable Destination Marketing Ecosystem through Smartphone-Based Social Media: The Consumers’ Acceptance Perspective. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2308 .

AMA Style

Farzana Sharmin, Mohammad Sultan, Daniel Badulescu, Alina Badulescu, Afrodita Borma, Benqian Li. Sustainable Destination Marketing Ecosystem through Smartphone-Based Social Media: The Consumers’ Acceptance Perspective. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2308.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farzana Sharmin; Mohammad Sultan; Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Afrodita Borma; Benqian Li. 2021. "Sustainable Destination Marketing Ecosystem through Smartphone-Based Social Media: The Consumers’ Acceptance Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2308.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Prior studies in the contemporary literature have largely ignored the important role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in shaping employees’ views of self and nature. Although researchers have recently started to pay considerable attention to explore the link between CSR and environmental sustainability, determining how CSR can be effective in shaping the proenvironmental behavior of employees that is missing in the existing literature. The objective of the present research study is to test the impact of microlevel CSR activities to induce environmental performance of an organization with a mediating effect of employees’ pro-environmental behaviors. This study argues that CSR activities of an organization motivate the workers to rethink the relationship between self and nature; hence, they are encouraged to participate in activities that are helpful in terms of preserving the environment, such as participating in pro-environmental activities at the workplace. The proposed model of the study was tested in the banking sector of Pakistan and analyzed by using the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique in AMOS software. The results revealed that microlevel CSR activities, using employee proenvironmental behaviors as a mediator, directly and indirectly influence environmental performance of a bank. The results of the present study are helpful for policymakers of different banking institutions to understand how they can reduce the environmental footprint of their bank by using a well-planned CSR program that can induce transcendent emotions in employees to create a sustainable environment.

ACS Style

Linghui Kong; Muhammad Sial; Naveed Ahmad; Mariana Sehleanu; Zhihui Li; Malik Zia-Ud-Din; Daniel Badulescu. CSR as a potential motivator to shape employees’ view towards nature for a sustainable workplace environment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1499 .

AMA Style

Linghui Kong, Muhammad Sial, Naveed Ahmad, Mariana Sehleanu, Zhihui Li, Malik Zia-Ud-Din, Daniel Badulescu. CSR as a potential motivator to shape employees’ view towards nature for a sustainable workplace environment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1499.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Linghui Kong; Muhammad Sial; Naveed Ahmad; Mariana Sehleanu; Zhihui Li; Malik Zia-Ud-Din; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "CSR as a potential motivator to shape employees’ view towards nature for a sustainable workplace environment." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1499.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2021 in Sustainability
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The main purpose of the current study is to investigate if tourism affects economic growth of China. The data set has been acquired from the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, and the time span of the data set takes into account a 20-year time period, from 2000 to 2019. To determine the strength of the above-mentioned relationship previous models that have been used for this research are mainly VAR (vector auto-regression) and VECM (vector error correction) models. The VAR and VECM models have been conducted together with the Granger causality test. The internal revenue generated from tourism-related activities is taken as being the main indicator for the tourism industry, while economic growth is determined by GDP (gross domestic product). We support the above-mentioned notion, as we found that a strong relationship exists between the development of the tourism industry and economic growth. Moreover, our analysis also indicates that this industry has a major impact on long-term economic growth in the region as well. This study thus provides further support to the existing literature on the topic of tourism and the impact that tourism-related activities have upon economic development and growth. The existence and the impact of tourism-related activities upon long-term economic growth were confirmed by the results of the VAR models. At the same time, the unidirectional results of VECM models have confirmed the existence of economic growth in the short term. In our case, the cardinal relationship between the development of the tourism industry and the economic growth in the Beijing region of China have managed to provide strong empirical support to the earlier stated notions and to the literature alike.

ACS Style

Yong Su; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Sarminah Samad. Does Tourism Affect Economic Growth of China? A Panel Granger Causality Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1349 .

AMA Style

Yong Su, Jacob Cherian, Muhammad Sial, Alina Badulescu, Phung Thu, Daniel Badulescu, Sarminah Samad. Does Tourism Affect Economic Growth of China? A Panel Granger Causality Approach. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1349.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yong Su; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Sarminah Samad. 2021. "Does Tourism Affect Economic Growth of China? A Panel Granger Causality Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1349.

Journal article
Published: 19 January 2021 in Sustainability
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The topic of corporate social responsibility (henceforth referred to as CSR) has been a central topic during the last decade, but the majority of the existing literature discusses CSR relationship with large organizations. Whereas, its contribution in small and medium enterprises (henceforth referred to as SME) sector has received little attention. There have been some studies that focused on CSR activities in SME sector quantitatively in the context of developing economies like Pakistan, but the fact is, to date, SME sector of Pakistan is not participating actively in CSR-related activities due to some constraints. The present study is a pioneer attempt, to explore CSR barriers that restrict SME sector of Pakistan from practicing CSR initiatives. For this reason, the present study explores these barriers qualitatively in order to gain in-depth knowledge of different CSR barriers. In doing so, we conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews from 9 SMEs in Lahore city of Pakistan. We performed thematic analysis, which produced five relevant themes of CSR barriers, including: Lack of resources, lack of regulations, lack of top management commitment, lack of CSR knowledge, and passive customer behavior. Our analysis further showed that lack of resources is the most related barrier that hinder SMEs to be engaged in CSR activities. This paper contributes to CSR literature in emerging economies’ context. Through an increased awareness of barriers, policy makers and practitioners may take necessary steps to improve CSR practices in SMEs.

ACS Style

Zengming Zou; Yu Liu; Naveed Ahmad; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Malik Zia-Ud-Din; Daniel Badulescu. What Prompts Small and Medium Enterprises to Implement CSR? A Qualitative Insight from an Emerging Economy. Sustainability 2021, 13, 952 .

AMA Style

Zengming Zou, Yu Liu, Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Sial, Alina Badulescu, Malik Zia-Ud-Din, Daniel Badulescu. What Prompts Small and Medium Enterprises to Implement CSR? A Qualitative Insight from an Emerging Economy. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):952.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zengming Zou; Yu Liu; Naveed Ahmad; Muhammad Sial; Alina Badulescu; Malik Zia-Ud-Din; Daniel Badulescu. 2021. "What Prompts Small and Medium Enterprises to Implement CSR? A Qualitative Insight from an Emerging Economy." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 952.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2020 in Journal of Risk and Financial Management
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When traditional financial institutions faced difficulties in the task of assisting micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) with capital allocations, crowdfunding can upsurge as an innovative and vibrant vehicle that can support and assist the activity of such MSME’s, by financing their activity and instrumenting the process of risk-sharing. Simultaneously with its enormous growth and popularity, crowdfunding is faced by several key challenges, one of biggest such challenges referring to the problem of information asymmetry that can exist between fundraisers and potential backers. Based on the signaling theory, a research taxonomy has been developed for a comparative analysis between China and the UK. This has been accomplished by retrieving secondary data from the following crowdfunding platforms: Dreamore (Chinese platform) and Crowdfunder (UK platform). The objective of the study is to investigate both the effect and the impact that signals (goal setting, project comments and updates) have upon mitigating the problem of information asymmetry, in order to make the project successful. We have thus deployed an Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression and validated the models through a robustness check. The findings reveal that signals actively mitigate the problem of information asymmetry in both countries, but this varies in the sense that higher goal setting has a more positive/impactful relationship with project success in the UK than it does in China. Project comments are more positively associated with project success in China as compared to the UK, whereas project updates are more negatively related to project success in China as compared to the UK. These findings demonstrate the importance that signals have upon successful crowdfunding activities/campaigns, highlighting the theoretical and practical influence and relevance for potential fundraisers in the two aforementioned economies.

ACS Style

Sardar Muhammad Usman; Farasat Ali Shah Bukhari; Huiwei You; Daniel Badulescu; Darie Gavrilut. The Effect and Impact of Signals on Investing Decisions in Reward-Based Crowdfunding: A Comparative Study of China and the United Kingdom. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2020, 13, 325 .

AMA Style

Sardar Muhammad Usman, Farasat Ali Shah Bukhari, Huiwei You, Daniel Badulescu, Darie Gavrilut. The Effect and Impact of Signals on Investing Decisions in Reward-Based Crowdfunding: A Comparative Study of China and the United Kingdom. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 2020; 13 (12):325.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sardar Muhammad Usman; Farasat Ali Shah Bukhari; Huiwei You; Daniel Badulescu; Darie Gavrilut. 2020. "The Effect and Impact of Signals on Investing Decisions in Reward-Based Crowdfunding: A Comparative Study of China and the United Kingdom." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 13, no. 12: 325.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Sustainability
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Our paper provides a valuable contribution by exploring the following complex phenomenon: Do board gender diversity and reputational incentives of non-executive directors affect corporate social responsibility(CSR) reporting? To this end, we use panel data regression (fixed effect) to examine the above relationship by using data from the 2009 to 2019 timeperiod, by using data from non-financial firms listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. To deal with the possibility of an endogeneity problem, we have used the two-stage least square (2SLS) regression model. Our empirical results suggest that board gender diversity positively affects CSR reporting. Our study has found that the reputational incentives of non-executive directors improve the CSR reporting. Furthermore, reputational incentives of non-executive directors (NEDs) and CSR reporting are moderated by firm size, this effect being stronger for large firms. Our findings also show that the firm size positively moderates the relationship between gender diversity in boards and CSR reporting. The control variables, namely board size, board member average tenure, leverage, “big 4” and return on assets, have an impact on the firm’s CSR reporting. Therefore, our results contribute towards new aspects in respect to the emerging literature concerning the system of non-executive directors, protection of stakeholder’s interests, and CSR reporting, especially as regards China. Furthermore, our results are robust as concerns alternative measures of variables under consideration.

ACS Style

Cheng Guping; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Peng Wan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Talles Vianna Brugni. Do Board Gender Diversity and Non-Executive Directors Affect CSR Reporting? Insight from Agency Theory Perspective. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8597 .

AMA Style

Cheng Guping, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Peng Wan, Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu, Talles Vianna Brugni. Do Board Gender Diversity and Non-Executive Directors Affect CSR Reporting? Insight from Agency Theory Perspective. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8597.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cheng Guping; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Peng Wan; Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Talles Vianna Brugni. 2020. "Do Board Gender Diversity and Non-Executive Directors Affect CSR Reporting? Insight from Agency Theory Perspective." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8597.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2020 in Oradea Journal of Business and Economics
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Within the general concept of companies, start-ups are, more practically than theoretically, a distinct category including the so-called newly born companies struggling for existence and confirmation. Although theories of start-ups are still emerging, it is known that these companies are set up to put in practice great ideas and they grow to reach the success desired by their founders. The definition is, from a strict scientific point of view, approximate and quite inconsistent, which is why the clarification of the category of start-ups can be done using contributions from the theories of management, organization, complexity, and entrepreneurship or life stages, while admitting that a clear picture of these entities is not yet available. Regardless of the multitude of perspectives, researchers and practitioners agree that growth is therefore an essential part in the development, consolidation and orientation of start-ups. It is therefore not uncommon to find that the vast majority of European start-ups are interested in internationalizing, or expanding their internationalization, in the immediate future, despite considerable difficulties and challenges, exacerbated by lack of experience and the market power of new companies. The situation of start-ups in Romania is a bit more complex and certainly not as enthusiastic - a series of constraints, objectives and subjective, make the expansion on new markets an option not as attractive for young small and medium Romanian companies.

ACS Style

Anamaria Diana Herte; Daniel Badulescu. START-UPS AND INTERNATIONALISATION: THE CASE OF ROMANIA. PART 1. THEORETICAL OVERVIEW. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 2020, 5, 92 -101.

AMA Style

Anamaria Diana Herte, Daniel Badulescu. START-UPS AND INTERNATIONALISATION: THE CASE OF ROMANIA. PART 1. THEORETICAL OVERVIEW. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics. 2020; 5 (2):92-101.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anamaria Diana Herte; Daniel Badulescu. 2020. "START-UPS AND INTERNATIONALISATION: THE CASE OF ROMANIA. PART 1. THEORETICAL OVERVIEW." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 5, no. 2: 92-101.

Conference paper
Published: 12 June 2020 in Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology
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The challenges of the knowledge-based economy, entrepreneurship, and the digital world determine radical changes, not only to the teaching of younger generations but also in the education of teachers. Numerous (EU or otherwise) studies highlight the fact that, despite ample political and managerial rhetoric, entrepreneurial abilities, and values, are rarely implemented in teacher training programs. Beyond a novel and change-inducing aspect, the challenge of teaching entrepreneurship is not only an issue of acquiring knowledge on launching and managing a business but rather of developing attitudes and abilities required to act in an entrepreneurial manner. Promoting creative and innovative approaches to learning, encouraging experimentation, and coping with failure (traits which broadly describe the entrepreneurial profile) are slowly integrated into entrepreneurial education. In spite of significant differences between countries, most teachers consider that they require support in their initial education, continuing professional development, and day-to-day activity to perform in the field. In this paper, we present the results of a survey-based research, conducted among high school teachers acting in three counties in northwestern Romania, on the efficiency of teaching entrepreneurship in high school courses, understanding and applying modern educational methods, the involvement of educators in stimulating youths’ interest in economic mechanisms and developing entrepreneurial abilities, such as identifying and exploiting business opportunities, thus outlining a (partial) snapshot of the understanding of the requirements, resources, and realities of entrepreneurial and economic education of its importance in the economic and social development of Romania.

ACS Style

Alina Bădulescu; Daniel Bădulescu; Csaba Csintalan; Ramona Simuț. Teaching Entrepreneurship: How Prepared are Romanian Educators? Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology 2020, 51 -67.

AMA Style

Alina Bădulescu, Daniel Bădulescu, Csaba Csintalan, Ramona Simuț. Teaching Entrepreneurship: How Prepared are Romanian Educators? Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology. 2020; ():51-67.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alina Bădulescu; Daniel Bădulescu; Csaba Csintalan; Ramona Simuț. 2020. "Teaching Entrepreneurship: How Prepared are Romanian Educators?" Sustainable Transport Development, Innovation and Technology , no. : 51-67.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2020 in Technological and Economic Development of Economy
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The development of tourism is usually associated, in positive terms, with economic development, foreign currency inflows, employment opportunities, infrastructure improvements, sustainable development and poverty alleviation. However, the nature of the tourism-growth relationship is still a matter of academic debate, and, perhaps, an expression of the inconsistencies and contradictions of public policies designed to support this industry. Researchers and practitioners have not yet come to an agreement on a number of fundamental questions: does tourism stimulate economic growth or the converse, and whether the causality, if it does exist, is uni or bidirectional, is constant or can change its direction in the medium - or long run. The present paper investigates the relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and international tourism in Romania, over the 1995–2016 period. Our results show that the causal effect of the GDP on the international tourist arrivals and on the international tourism receipts is significant in the long run in Romania. In the short-run, we find a unidirectional causal relationship from the international tourism receipts to GDP, and a bidirectional causal relationship between GDP and the number of international tourist arrivals.

ACS Style

Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Simona Dzitac. TOURISM – ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA. Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2020, 26, 867 -884.

AMA Style

Alina Badulescu, Daniel Badulescu, Ramona Simut, Simona Dzitac. TOURISM – ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA. Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2020; 26 (4):867-884.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alina Badulescu; Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Simona Dzitac. 2020. "TOURISM – ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 4: 867-884.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2020 in Oradea Journal of Business and Economics
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The decisive role of the knowledge-based economy, and the importance of the ventures fostering the use of innovation and incorporating knowledge, high technology and creativity are nowadays worldwide recognised, even more so considering that the EU is in a permanent search for innovation as a source of and for competitiveness. Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are expected to play a key role in the knowledge-based economy as a source of innovation and knowledge in production, dynamic hubs in knowledge-related networks, or intermediaries of innovation between the manufacturing sector and suppliers, partners and final consumers. Within this context, in the present paper we aim to investigate the complex relation between the knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) and the imperative of fostering the economic activity, both of the entrepreneurial dynamics and their macroeconomic effects. The analysis, performed at EU level, leads to interesting results, revealing a complex but contradictory relation between KIBS and economic activity, which is measured by the following main indicators: entrepreneurial density and macroeconomic dynamics.

ACS Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Sebastian Sipos-Gug; Anamaria Diana Herte; Darie Gavrilut. KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES AND THEIR ECONOMIC ROLE IN EUROPEAN UNION: A BRIEF ANALYSIS. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 2020, 5, 72 -85.

AMA Style

Daniel Badulescu, Alina Badulescu, Sebastian Sipos-Gug, Anamaria Diana Herte, Darie Gavrilut. KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES AND THEIR ECONOMIC ROLE IN EUROPEAN UNION: A BRIEF ANALYSIS. Oradea Journal of Business and Economics. 2020; 5 (1):72-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Sebastian Sipos-Gug; Anamaria Diana Herte; Darie Gavrilut. 2020. "KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES AND THEIR ECONOMIC ROLE IN EUROPEAN UNION: A BRIEF ANALYSIS." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 5, no. 1: 72-85.

Journal article
Published: 14 December 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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National and global health policies are increasingly recognizing the key role of the environment in human health development, which is related to its economic and social determinants, such as income level, technical progress, education, quality of jobs, inequality, education or lifestyle. Research has shown that the increase of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) per capita can provide additional funds for health but also for environmental protection. However, often, economic growth is associated with the accelerated degradation of the environment, and this in turn will result in an exponential increase in harmful emissions and will implicitly determine the increasing occurrence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mainly cardiovascular diseases, cancers and respiratory diseases. In this paper, we investigate the role and effects of economic growth, environmental pollution and non-communicable diseases on health expenditures, for the case of EU (European Union) countries during 2000–2014. In order to investigate the long-term and the short-term relationship between them, we have employed the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. Using the Pedroni-Johansen cointegration methods, we found that the variables are cointegrated. The findings of this study show that economic growth is one of the most important factors influencing the health expenditures both in the long- and short-run in all the 28 EU countries. With regards to the influence of CO2 emissions on health expenditure, we have found a negative impact in the short-run and a positive impact on the long-run. We have also introduced an interaction between NCDs and environmental expenditure as independent variable, a product variable. Finally, we have found that in all the three estimated models, the variation in environmental expenditure produces changes in NCDs’ effect on health expenditure.

ACS Style

Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Alina Badulescu; Andrei-Vlad Badulescu. The Relative Effects of Economic Growth, Environmental Pollution and Non-Communicable Diseases on Health Expenditures in European Union Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 5115 .

AMA Style

Daniel Badulescu, Ramona Simut, Alina Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad Badulescu. The Relative Effects of Economic Growth, Environmental Pollution and Non-Communicable Diseases on Health Expenditures in European Union Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (24):5115.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Alina Badulescu; Andrei-Vlad Badulescu. 2019. "The Relative Effects of Economic Growth, Environmental Pollution and Non-Communicable Diseases on Health Expenditures in European Union Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24: 5115.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2019 in Technological and Economic Development of Economy
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Designing and implementing relevant and effective environmental policies and fostering green and environmental-friendly approaches and behaviors are constant aims for policy makers all over the world. Concurrently, implementing environmental policies involves significant economic and financial efforts, in order to repair environmental damage and to prevent future negative environmental consequences. How effective are the environmental expenditures and how are they related to the economic growth, i.e. the GDP level, are issues of major concern at a governmental level. In this article we are examining the relation between GDP and environmental expenditure, by using statistical data available for EU economies, for the time period 1995-2013. We found that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is supported in most of the EU economies, both for government environmental protection and specialized providers, public and private environmental protection. Further and deeper analyses performed showed different situations for specific countries and even a negative relation between GDP and government environmental protection for specific cases.

ACS Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Dorin Bac; Elena-Ana Iancu; Nicolaie Iancu. EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE. AN INVESTIGATION ON EU ECONOMIES. Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2019, 26, 1 -20.

AMA Style

Daniel Badulescu, Alina Badulescu, Ramona Simut, Dorin Bac, Elena-Ana Iancu, Nicolaie Iancu. EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE. AN INVESTIGATION ON EU ECONOMIES. Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2019; 26 (1):1-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Badulescu; Alina Badulescu; Ramona Simut; Dorin Bac; Elena-Ana Iancu; Nicolaie Iancu. 2019. "EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE. AN INVESTIGATION ON EU ECONOMIES." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 1: 1-20.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2019 in Sustainability
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Crowdfunding is an innovative concept for a new start-ups seeking financial support for their distinctive and novel projects. Despite their popularity, crowdfunding platforms face several key challenges amongst which is information asymmetry between entrepreneurs and influential backers, where credible information must be disclosed by the founders (entrepreneurs) to the potential “backers” in order to assess the potentiality of the project. In order to fill this gap, we developed and tested a model that examines the signaling interaction between the founder and a potential backer through media and the founders’ past success. This model also examines how these two signals (i.e., media and past success) interact so as to mitigate the problem of information asymmetry and to make the project successful. A total of 14,887 projects were extracted from a reward-based platform named Crowdfunder. The data was analyzed by performing Tobit and logistic regression and the model was validated by using the robustness technique. The results strongly mitigate the problem of information asymmetry which improves the rate of success in projects floated on the Crowdfunder platform. We believe that our study will significantly contribute to this nascent yet developing research area by probing for information mechanisms to succeed in crowdfunding.

ACS Style

Sardar Muhammad Usman; Farasat Ali Shah Bukhari; Muhammad Usman; Daniel Badulescu; Muhammad Safdar Sial. Does the Role of Media and Founder’s Past Success Mitigate the Problem of Information Asymmetry? Evidence from a UK Crowdfunding Platform. Sustainability 2019, 11, 692 .

AMA Style

Sardar Muhammad Usman, Farasat Ali Shah Bukhari, Muhammad Usman, Daniel Badulescu, Muhammad Safdar Sial. Does the Role of Media and Founder’s Past Success Mitigate the Problem of Information Asymmetry? Evidence from a UK Crowdfunding Platform. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (3):692.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sardar Muhammad Usman; Farasat Ali Shah Bukhari; Muhammad Usman; Daniel Badulescu; Muhammad Safdar Sial. 2019. "Does the Role of Media and Founder’s Past Success Mitigate the Problem of Information Asymmetry? Evidence from a UK Crowdfunding Platform." Sustainability 11, no. 3: 692.

Journal article
Published: 02 December 2018 in Sustainability
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The primary objective of this paper is to empirically examine whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences corporate tax avoidance (CTA) of Chinese listed companies. The study is based on a sample of 3481 firm-year observations from 2009 to 2015 using CSR ratings from the Rankins (RKS) corporate social responsibility ratings agency in China, and all financial data extracted from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR). The authors foundthat CSR is negatively related to the current and cash effective tax rate (proxies of corporate tax avoidance), suggesting that responsible firms are more involved in tax avoidance as compared to less responsible firms. Their findings are robust against different control variables. Additionally, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the paper is one of the first to document an empirical association between CSR and corporate tax avoidance of Chinese listed companies.

ACS Style

M.A. Gulzar; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Anh Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Nguyen Vinh Khuong. Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Corporate Tax Avoidance of Chinese Listed Companies? Sustainability 2018, 10, 4549 .

AMA Style

M.A. Gulzar, Jacob Cherian, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Alina Badulescu, Phung Anh Thu, Daniel Badulescu, Nguyen Vinh Khuong. Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Corporate Tax Avoidance of Chinese Listed Companies? Sustainability. 2018; 10 (12):4549.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.A. Gulzar; Jacob Cherian; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Alina Badulescu; Phung Anh Thu; Daniel Badulescu; Nguyen Vinh Khuong. 2018. "Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Corporate Tax Avoidance of Chinese Listed Companies?" Sustainability 10, no. 12: 4549.