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While urban greenspace is increasingly recognized as important to mental health, its role in substance use is understudied. This exploratory study investigates the interaction of greenspace with peer network health, sex, and executive function (EF) in models of substance use among a sample of disadvantaged, urban youth. Adolescents and their parents were recruited from a hospital in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. Residential greenspace at the streetscape level was derived from analysis of Google Street View imagery. Logistic regression models were used to test the moderating effect of greenspace on the association between peer network health and substance use, as well as additional moderating effects of sex and EF. The significant negative association of peer network health with substance use occurred only among youth residing in high greenspace environments, a moderating effect which was stronger among youth with high EF deficit. The moderating effect of greenspace did not differ between girls and boys. Greenspace may play an important role in moderating peer influences on substance use among disadvantaged, urban adolescents, and such moderation may differ according to an individual’s level of EF. This research provides evidence of differences in environmental susceptibility regarding contextual mechanisms of substance use among youth, and it informs the development of targeted substance use interventions that leverage social and environmental influences on adolescent substance.
Jeremy Mennis; Xiaojiang Li; Mahbubur Meenar; J. Douglas Coatsworth; Thomas P. McKeon; Michael J. Mason. Residential Greenspace and Urban Adolescent Substance Use: Exploring Interactive Effects with Peer Network Health, Sex, and Executive Function. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1611 .
AMA StyleJeremy Mennis, Xiaojiang Li, Mahbubur Meenar, J. Douglas Coatsworth, Thomas P. McKeon, Michael J. Mason. Residential Greenspace and Urban Adolescent Substance Use: Exploring Interactive Effects with Peer Network Health, Sex, and Executive Function. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (4):1611.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeremy Mennis; Xiaojiang Li; Mahbubur Meenar; J. Douglas Coatsworth; Thomas P. McKeon; Michael J. Mason. 2021. "Residential Greenspace and Urban Adolescent Substance Use: Exploring Interactive Effects with Peer Network Health, Sex, and Executive Function." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4: 1611.
Urban greenery is considered an important factor in sustainable development and people’s quality of life in the city. To account for urban green vegetation, Green View Index (GVI), which captures the visibility of greenery at street level, has been used. However, as GVI is point-based estimation, when aggregated at an area-level by mean or median, it is sensitive to the location of sampled sites, overweighing the values of densely located sites. To make estimation at area-level more robust, this study aims to (1) propose an improved indicator of greenery visibility (standardized GVI; sGVI), and (2) quantify the relation between sGVI and other green metrics. Experiment on an hypothetical setting confirmed that bias from site location can be mitigated by sGVI. Furthermore, comparing sGVI and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at the city block level in Yokohama city, Japan, we found that sGVI captures the presence of vegetation better in the city center, whereas NDVI is better at capturing vegetation in parks and forests, principally due to the different viewpoints (eye-level perception and top-down eyesight). These tools provide a foundation for accessing the effect of vegetation in urban landscapes in a more robust matter, enabling comparison on any arbitrary geographical scale.
Yusuke Kumakoshi; Sau Chan; Hideki Koizumi; Xiaojiang Li; Yuji Yoshimura. Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7434 .
AMA StyleYusuke Kumakoshi, Sau Chan, Hideki Koizumi, Xiaojiang Li, Yuji Yoshimura. Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7434.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYusuke Kumakoshi; Sau Chan; Hideki Koizumi; Xiaojiang Li; Yuji Yoshimura. 2020. "Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7434.