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Mr. Yusuke Kumakoshi
The University of Tokyo

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0 Sustainability
0 Urban Planning
0 urban mobility
0 Urban Science
0 Transport Engineering

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Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems
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The diversity and density of urban functions have been known to affect urban vibrancy positively, but the relation between the two has not been empirically examined; if high density is associated with low diversity in an area, its vibrancy may not increase. To obtain a better understanding of the metabolism of cities and directions for urban planning interventions, this paper offers empirical evidence on the association between the diversity and density of urban functions in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, using a robust density index that was determined via a Monte Carlo simulation. By conducting association analyses, it was found that highly dense station areas tended to display low diversity at multiple scales. Further investigation indicated that this negative correlation was owing to different spatial characteristics of functions and complementary functioning among highly accessible station areas. This paper argues for considering both diversity and density in urban planning to make station areas vibrant and resilient.

ACS Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi; Hideki Koizumi; Yuji Yoshimura. Diversity and density of urban functions in station areas. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 2021, 89, 101679 .

AMA Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi, Hideki Koizumi, Yuji Yoshimura. Diversity and density of urban functions in station areas. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. 2021; 89 ():101679.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi; Hideki Koizumi; Yuji Yoshimura. 2021. "Diversity and density of urban functions in station areas." Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 89, no. : 101679.

Journal article
Published: 10 September 2020 in Sustainability
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Urban greenery is considered an important factor in sustainable development and people’s quality of life in the city. To account for urban green vegetation, Green View Index (GVI), which captures the visibility of greenery at street level, has been used. However, as GVI is point-based estimation, when aggregated at an area-level by mean or median, it is sensitive to the location of sampled sites, overweighing the values of densely located sites. To make estimation at area-level more robust, this study aims to (1) propose an improved indicator of greenery visibility (standardized GVI; sGVI), and (2) quantify the relation between sGVI and other green metrics. Experiment on an hypothetical setting confirmed that bias from site location can be mitigated by sGVI. Furthermore, comparing sGVI and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at the city block level in Yokohama city, Japan, we found that sGVI captures the presence of vegetation better in the city center, whereas NDVI is better at capturing vegetation in parks and forests, principally due to the different viewpoints (eye-level perception and top-down eyesight). These tools provide a foundation for accessing the effect of vegetation in urban landscapes in a more robust matter, enabling comparison on any arbitrary geographical scale.

ACS Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi; Sau Chan; Hideki Koizumi; Xiaojiang Li; Yuji Yoshimura. Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7434 .

AMA Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi, Sau Chan, Hideki Koizumi, Xiaojiang Li, Yuji Yoshimura. Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7434.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi; Sau Chan; Hideki Koizumi; Xiaojiang Li; Yuji Yoshimura. 2020. "Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7434.

Preprint
Published: 01 August 2020
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Urban greenery is considered an important factor in relation to sustainable development and people's quality of life in the city. Although ways to measure urban greenery have been proposed, the characteristics of each metric have not been fully established, rendering previous researches vulnerable to changes in greenery metrics. To make estimation more robust, this study aims to (1) propose an improved indicator of greenery visibility for analytical use (standardized GVI; sGVI), and (2) quantify the relation between sGVI and other greenery metrics. Analyzing a data set for Yokohama city, Japan, it is shown that the sGVI, a weighted form of GVI aggregated to an area, mitigates the bias of densely located measurement sites. Also, by comparing sGVI and NDVI at city block level, we found that sGVI captures the presence of vegetation better in the city center, whereas NDVI is better in capturing vegetation in parks and forests. These tools provide a foundation for accessing the effect of vegetation in urban landscapes in a more robust matter, enabling comparison on any arbitrary geographical scale.

ACS Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi; Sau Yee Chan; Hideki Koizumi; Xiaojiang Li; Yuji Yoshimura. Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi, Sau Yee Chan, Hideki Koizumi, Xiaojiang Li, Yuji Yoshimura. Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yusuke Kumakoshi; Sau Yee Chan; Hideki Koizumi; Xiaojiang Li; Yuji Yoshimura. 2020. "Standardized Green View Index and Quantification of Different Metrics of Urban Green Vegetation." , no. : 1.