Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is considered the best dietary approach for patients with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Recently, time‐restricted feeding (TRF) has gained attention for its lifestyle compatibility and health benefits.Aims: This study aimed to compare the effects of a hypocaloric MD with a 10‐h TRF protocol to an unrestricted MD in MASLD patients with overweight/obesity and evaluate differences between early and late TRF.Methods: This 12‐week randomised controlled trial in MASLD patients with overweight/obesity consisted of three groups, all following a hypocaloric Mediterranean‐type diet. The control group had no eating time restrictions. The early TRF (eTRF) and late TRF (lTRF) groups had a 10‐h eating window, from 8 AM to 6 PM and from 12 PM to 10 PM, respectively. Various health parameters were measured. Compliance was tracked via food diaries, and an 8‐week follow‐up occurred post‐intervention.Results: Fifty‐nine MASLD individuals (27 males; 52.9 years; body mass index 32.1 kg/m²) completed the trial (control, n = 19; eTRF, n = 20; lTRF, n = 20). All groups showed significant 12‐week reductions in body weight, anthropometry and blood pressure. Glycated haemoglobin A_1c and insulin resistance, as measured by the Matsuda index, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance and fasting glucose‐to‐insulin ratio, improved in the eTRF group at 12 weeks.Conclusions: This study corroborates the efficacy of MD in ameliorating cardiometabolic risk factors such as body weight and blood pressure in MASLD patients. The combination with an eTRF protocol may improve glycaemic control (NCT05866744).Trial Registration: The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05866744)

It is well known that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are related to increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, besides these prominently presented complications, DM has also been associated with reproductive dysfunctions. It seems that these disorders are met in up to 40% of women with DM and consist of delayed menarche, all types of menstrual disorders, such as amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menstrual irregularity, as well as menorrhagia, infertility, characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and early (or rarely late) menopause. In type 1 DM (T1DM), insulin treatment, although it has reduced the rates of insulinopenic-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, an entity commonly presented in many women with the disease in the past decades, when it is used in excess it can also promote hyperandrogenism. Regarding type 2 DM (T2DM), insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia have mainly been implicated in the pathogenesis of reproductive dysfunctions, as insulin can act as gonadotropin on the theca cells of the ovary and can lead to hyperandrogenism and inhibition of proper ovulation. This review aims to detail the reproductive dysfunctions associated with DM and provide scientific data to enlighten the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.