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It is expected that distribution power systems will soon be able to connect a variety of microgrids from residential, commercial, and industrial users, and thus integrate a variety of distributed generation technologies, mainly renewable energy sources to supply their demands. Indeed, some authors affirm that distribution networks will propose significant changes as a consequence of this massive integration of microgrids at the distribution level. Under this scenario, the control of distributed generation inverters, demand management systems, renewable resource forecasting, and demand predictions will allow better integration of such microgrid clusters to decongest power systems. This paper presents a review of microgrids connected at distribution networks and the solutions that facilitate their integration into such distribution network level, such as demand management systems, renewable resource forecasting, and demand predictions. Recent contributions focused on the application of microgrids in Low-Voltage distribution networks are also analyzed and reviewed in detail. In addition, this paper provides a critical review of the most relevant challenges currently facing electrical distribution networks, with an explicit focus on the massive interconnection of electrical microgrids and the future with relevant renewable energy source integration.
Miguel Aybar-Mejía; Junior Villanueva; Deyslen Mariano-Hernández; Félix Santos; Angel Molina-Garcia. A Review of Low-Voltage Renewable Microgrids: Generation Forecasting and Demand-Side Management Strategies. Electronics 2021, 10, 2093 .
AMA StyleMiguel Aybar-Mejía, Junior Villanueva, Deyslen Mariano-Hernández, Félix Santos, Angel Molina-Garcia. A Review of Low-Voltage Renewable Microgrids: Generation Forecasting and Demand-Side Management Strategies. Electronics. 2021; 10 (17):2093.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiguel Aybar-Mejía; Junior Villanueva; Deyslen Mariano-Hernández; Félix Santos; Angel Molina-Garcia. 2021. "A Review of Low-Voltage Renewable Microgrids: Generation Forecasting and Demand-Side Management Strategies." Electronics 10, no. 17: 2093.
Traditionally, the groundwater resource has supported extensive agricultural irrigation, mainly based on fossil fuels for pumping purposes. However, current international agreement and policies are promoting climate change mitigation and sustainable development in most of sectors. With this aim, the main challenge presented by groundwater pumping solutions is then focused on reducing their fossil fuel dependence and integrating renewables, while also accounting for sustainability criteria. Under this framework, this paper analyzes and compares different Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis – TOPSIS, VIKOR and SIMUS – for a set combinations of water storage options and groundwater pumping energy resources. These alternatives are firstly ordered according to each decision-making approach to fulfill energy, economic and environmental requirements. Subsequently, these prioritized alternatives are then compared depending on subjective criteria weights (TOPSIS and VIKOR) or objective and quantitative methodologies (SIMUS). Case study based on a Spanish aquifer is included in the paper, identifying 72 potential combinations of real agricultural requirements (aggregated crop area, crop irrigation demand) and water resource availability (in terms of aquifer depth). The selected most appropriate alternatives for each decision-making approach are then compared and discussed in detail. This work highlights the relevance of subjective criteria weights, and compares the results to other decision-making approach where the experts’ assessment of the criteria is not required by the methodology.
M.S. García-Cascales; A. Molina-García; J.M. Sánchez-Lozano; A. Mateo-Aroca; N. Munier. Multi-criteria analysis techniques to enhance sustainability of water pumping irrigation. Energy Reports 2021, 7, 4623 -4632.
AMA StyleM.S. García-Cascales, A. Molina-García, J.M. Sánchez-Lozano, A. Mateo-Aroca, N. Munier. Multi-criteria analysis techniques to enhance sustainability of water pumping irrigation. Energy Reports. 2021; 7 ():4623-4632.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.S. García-Cascales; A. Molina-García; J.M. Sánchez-Lozano; A. Mateo-Aroca; N. Munier. 2021. "Multi-criteria analysis techniques to enhance sustainability of water pumping irrigation." Energy Reports 7, no. : 4623-4632.
The rapid evolution of wind energy in reducing CO 2 emissions worldwide is undeniable, which is, in fact, expected to continue or even increase its impressive yearly capacity growth. In this regard, optimizing operations and maintenance of wind turbines (WTs) and farms is considered to be one of the options for reducing the levelized cost of electricity of wind energy. This can be achieved by developing innovative condition monitoring methods. To this end, the use of the windowed scalogram difference (WSD) algorithm, based on wavelets, is proposed as an alternative solution, combined with current signature analysis (CSA). The electric generator is one of the major contributors to WT failure rates and downtime, and doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) are the dominant technology in variable-speed WTs. In the present work, operational data on an in-service WT DFIG are analyzed over a period of eight months, in contrast to the majority of the studies in this field, which rely on laboratory or simulated data. The evolution of the fault, namely rotor mechanical asymmetry, at an early stage, is analyzed and quantified implementing WSD to the stator current signals, supported by the previous diagnosis achieved through CSA. The combination of CSA and WSD shows strong potential for diagnosing and tracking, respectively, incipient faults in in-service WT DFIGs.
Estefania Artigao; José Miguel Ballester-Arce; María Carmen Bueso; Angel Molina-García; Andrés Honrubia Escribano; Emilio Gómez Lázaro. Fault evolution monitoring of an in-service wind turbine DFIG using Windowed Scalogram Difference. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 1 -1.
AMA StyleEstefania Artigao, José Miguel Ballester-Arce, María Carmen Bueso, Angel Molina-García, Andrés Honrubia Escribano, Emilio Gómez Lázaro. Fault evolution monitoring of an in-service wind turbine DFIG using Windowed Scalogram Difference. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 ():1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEstefania Artigao; José Miguel Ballester-Arce; María Carmen Bueso; Angel Molina-García; Andrés Honrubia Escribano; Emilio Gómez Lázaro. 2021. "Fault evolution monitoring of an in-service wind turbine DFIG using Windowed Scalogram Difference." IEEE Access 9, no. : 1-1.
The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is widely accepted to produce electricity from low-grade thermal heat sources. In fact, it is a developed technology for waste-heat to electricity conversions. In this paper, an ORC made up of super-heater, turbine, regenerator, condenser, pump, economizer and evaporator is considered. An optimization model to obtain the maximum performance of such ORC, depending on the super-heater pressure, is proposed and assessed, in order to find possible new working fluids that are less pollutant with similar behavior to those traditionally used. The different super-heater pressures under analysis lie in between the condenser pressure and 80% of the critical pressure of each working fluid, taking 100 values uniformly distributed. The system and optimization algorithm have been simulated in Matlab with the CoolProp library. Results show that the twelve working fluids can be categorized into four main groups, depending on the saturation pressure at ambient conditions (condenser pressure), observing that the fluids belonging to Group 1, which corresponds with the lower condensing pressure (around 100 kPa), provide the highest thermal efficiency, with values around
Ana Fernández-Guillamón; Ángel Molina-García; Francisco Vera-García; José Almendros-Ibáñez. Organic Rankine Cycle Optimization Performance Analysis Based on Super-Heater Pressure: Comparison of Working Fluids. Energies 2021, 14, 2548 .
AMA StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón, Ángel Molina-García, Francisco Vera-García, José Almendros-Ibáñez. Organic Rankine Cycle Optimization Performance Analysis Based on Super-Heater Pressure: Comparison of Working Fluids. Energies. 2021; 14 (9):2548.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón; Ángel Molina-García; Francisco Vera-García; José Almendros-Ibáñez. 2021. "Organic Rankine Cycle Optimization Performance Analysis Based on Super-Heater Pressure: Comparison of Working Fluids." Energies 14, no. 9: 2548.
Energy transition requires actions from different sectors and levels, mainly focused on achieving a low-carbon and high-renewable integration society. Among the different sectors, the transport sector is responsible for more than 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions, mostly emitted in cities. Therefore, initiatives and analysis focused on electric vehicles integration powered by renewables is currently a desirable solution to mitigate climate change and promote energy transition. Under this framework, this paper proposes a multi-indicator analysis for the estimation of CO
Isabel Gil-García; Mª García-Cascales; Habib Dagher; Angel Molina-García. Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy Sources: Motor Fusion in the Energy Transition from a Multi-Indicator Perspective. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3430 .
AMA StyleIsabel Gil-García, Mª García-Cascales, Habib Dagher, Angel Molina-García. Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy Sources: Motor Fusion in the Energy Transition from a Multi-Indicator Perspective. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsabel Gil-García; Mª García-Cascales; Habib Dagher; Angel Molina-García. 2021. "Electric Vehicle and Renewable Energy Sources: Motor Fusion in the Energy Transition from a Multi-Indicator Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3430.
This paper describes variable speed wind turbine (Types 3 and 4, IEC 61400–27-1) simulations based on an open-source solution to be applied to Bachelor and Master Degrees. It is an attempt to improve the education quality of such sustainable energy by giving an open-source experimental environment for both undergraduate and graduate students. Indeed, among the renewable sources, wind energy is currently becoming essential in most power systems. The simulations include both one–mass and two–mass mechanical models, as well as pitch angle control. A general overview of the structure, control, and operation of the variable speed wind turbine is provided by these easy-to-use interactive virtual experiments. In addition, a comparison between commercial and open-source software packages is described and discussed in detail. Examples and extensive results are also included in the paper. The models are available in Scilab-Xcos file exchange for power system education and researcher communities.
Ana Fernández-Guillamón; Ángel Molina-García. Simulation of variable speed wind turbines based on open-source solutions: Application to bachelor and master degrees. The International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón, Ángel Molina-García. Simulation of variable speed wind turbines based on open-source solutions: Application to bachelor and master degrees. The International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón; Ángel Molina-García. 2021. "Simulation of variable speed wind turbines based on open-source solutions: Application to bachelor and master degrees." The International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education , no. : 1.
The trend in energy consumption, with a particular focus on heating and cooling demand, is an issue that is relevant to the promotion of new energy policies and more efficient energy systems. Moreover, heating and cooling energy demand is expected to rise in the next several decades, mainly due to climate change as well as increasing incomes in developing countries. In this context, the building sector is currently a relevant energy-intensive economic sector in Morocco; it accounts for 33% of the country’s total energy demand (as the sector with the second highest energy demand, after the transport sector), with the residential sector accounting for 25% and the tertiary sector accounting for 8%. Aiming to reduce energy dependence and promote sustainable development, the Moroccan government recently issued a comprehensive plan to increase the share of renewables and improve energy efficiency. This strategy includes novel thermal building regulations promoted by the Moroccan Agency for Energy Efficiency. This paper analyzes the thermal behavior and heating-cooling energy demand of a residential building located in Tangier (Morocco) as a case example, based on the country’s new thermal regulations and considering specific climatological conditions. A comparison with common Moroccan residential buildings as well as with those in nearby countries with similar meteorological conditions but significant differences in terms of energy demand regulation and requirements, such as Spain, is also included. Simulations were carried out using the DesingBuilder and EnergyPlus Software packages. According to the results, the last building thermal regulation requirements in Morocco need to be revised and extended in order to achieve the energy efficiency objectives established by the Moroccan government for 2030.
Ikram Merini; Angel Molina-García; M. Socorro García-Cascales; Mustapha Mahdaoui; Mohamed Ahachad. Analysis and Comparison of Energy Efficiency Code Requirements for Buildings: A Morocco–Spain Case Study. Energies 2020, 13, 5979 .
AMA StyleIkram Merini, Angel Molina-García, M. Socorro García-Cascales, Mustapha Mahdaoui, Mohamed Ahachad. Analysis and Comparison of Energy Efficiency Code Requirements for Buildings: A Morocco–Spain Case Study. Energies. 2020; 13 (22):5979.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIkram Merini; Angel Molina-García; M. Socorro García-Cascales; Mustapha Mahdaoui; Mohamed Ahachad. 2020. "Analysis and Comparison of Energy Efficiency Code Requirements for Buildings: A Morocco–Spain Case Study." Energies 13, no. 22: 5979.
Traditionally, power system's inertia has been estimated according to the rotating masses directly connected to the grid. Due to the significant penetration of renewable generation units, the conventional grid inertia is decreasing, subsequently affecting both reliability analysis and grid stability. As a result, concepts such as ‘synthetic inertia’, ‘hidden inertia’ or ‘virtual inertia’, together with alternative spinning reserves, are currently under discussion. Under this new framework, an algorithm to estimate the minimum inertia needed to fulfil the European network of transmission system operators for electricity requirements for rate of change of frequency values is proposed and assessed. Both inertia and additional active power can come from different sources, such as storage solutions, renewable sources decoupled from the grid, interconnections, or a combination of them. The power system under consideration includes thermal, hydro-power plants, and renewable generation units, in line with the most current and future European power systems. More than 700 generation mix scenarios are simulated, varying the renewable integration, the power imbalance, and the inertia constant of conventional power plants. The solutions studied here provide important information to ease the massive integration of renewable resources, without reducing the grid capacity in terms of stability and response to contingencies.
Ana Fernández‐Guillamón; Emilio Gómez‐Lázaro; Ángel Molina‐García. Extensive frequency response and inertia analysis under high renewable energy source integration scenarios: application to the European interconnected power system. IET Renewable Power Generation 2020, 14, 2885 -2896.
AMA StyleAna Fernández‐Guillamón, Emilio Gómez‐Lázaro, Ángel Molina‐García. Extensive frequency response and inertia analysis under high renewable energy source integration scenarios: application to the European interconnected power system. IET Renewable Power Generation. 2020; 14 (15):2885-2896.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Fernández‐Guillamón; Emilio Gómez‐Lázaro; Ángel Molina‐García. 2020. "Extensive frequency response and inertia analysis under high renewable energy source integration scenarios: application to the European interconnected power system." IET Renewable Power Generation 14, no. 15: 2885-2896.
Wind power is positioned as one of the fastest-growing energy sources today, while also being a mature technology with a strong capacity for creating employment and guaranteeing environmental sustainability. However, the stochastic nature of wind may affect the integration of power plants into power systems and the availability of generation capacity. In this sense, as in the case of conventional power plants, wind power installations should be able to help maintain power system stability and reliability. To help achieve this objective, a significant number of countries have developed so-called grid interconnection agreements. These are designed to define the technical and behavioral requirements that wind power installations, as well as other power plants, must comply with when seeking connection to the national network. These documents also detail the tasks that should be conducted to certify such installations, so these can be commercially exploited. These certification processes allow countries to assess wind turbine and wind power plant simulation models. These models can then be used to estimate and simulate wind power performance under a variety of scenarios. Within this framework, and with a particular focus on the new Spanish grid code, the present paper addresses the validation process of dynamic wind turbine models followed in three countries—Spain, Germany and South Africa. In these three countries, and as a novel option, it has been proposed that these models form part of the commissioning and certification processes of wind power plants.
Raquel Villena-Ruiz; Andrés Honrubia-Escribano; Francisco Jiménez-Buendía; Ángel Molina-García; Emilio Gómez-Lázaro. Requirements for Validation of Dynamic Wind Turbine Models: An International Grid Code Review. Electronics 2020, 9, 1707 .
AMA StyleRaquel Villena-Ruiz, Andrés Honrubia-Escribano, Francisco Jiménez-Buendía, Ángel Molina-García, Emilio Gómez-Lázaro. Requirements for Validation of Dynamic Wind Turbine Models: An International Grid Code Review. Electronics. 2020; 9 (10):1707.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaquel Villena-Ruiz; Andrés Honrubia-Escribano; Francisco Jiménez-Buendía; Ángel Molina-García; Emilio Gómez-Lázaro. 2020. "Requirements for Validation of Dynamic Wind Turbine Models: An International Grid Code Review." Electronics 9, no. 10: 1707.
Over the last two decades, variable renewable energy technologies (i.e., variable-speed wind turbines (VSWTs) and photovoltaic (PV) power plants) have gradually replaced conventional generation units. However, these renewable generators are connected to the grid through power converters decoupled from the grid and do not provide any rotational inertia, subsequently decreasing the overall power system’s inertia. Moreover, the variable and stochastic nature of wind speed and solar irradiation may lead to large frequency deviations, especially in isolated power systems. This paper proposes a hybrid wind–PV frequency control strategy for isolated power systems with high renewable energy source integration under variable weather conditions. A new PV controller monitoring the VSWTs’ rotational speed deviation is presented in order to modify the PV-generated power accordingly and improve the rotational speed deviations of VSWTs. The power systems modeled include thermal, hydro-power, VSWT, and PV power plants, with generation mixes in line with future European scenarios. The hybrid wind–PV strategy is compared to three other frequency strategies already presented in the specific literature, and gets better results in terms of frequency deviation (reducing the mean squared error between 20% and 95%). Additionally, the rotational speed deviation of VSWTs is also reduced with the proposed approach, providing the same mean squared error as the case in which VSWTs do not participate in frequency control. However, this hybrid strategy requires up to a 30% reduction in the PV-generated energy. Extensive detailing of results and discussion can be also found in the paper.
Ana Fernández-Guillamón; Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; Ángel Molina-García; Jose-Ignacio Sarasua. Hybrid Wind–PV Frequency Control Strategy under Variable Weather Conditions in Isolated Power Systems. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7750 .
AMA StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón, Guillermo Martínez-Lucas, Ángel Molina-García, Jose-Ignacio Sarasua. Hybrid Wind–PV Frequency Control Strategy under Variable Weather Conditions in Isolated Power Systems. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7750.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón; Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; Ángel Molina-García; Jose-Ignacio Sarasua. 2020. "Hybrid Wind–PV Frequency Control Strategy under Variable Weather Conditions in Isolated Power Systems." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7750.
Herein, optimal groundwater pumping solutions based on a variety of energy resources and water storage options are estimated and classified. Each energy source and water storage option is first characterized considering energy, economic, and environmental criteria. A multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) process based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is subsequently applied to identify and classify the optimal groundwater pumping solutions under such a multidimensional framework. An aquifer located in the southeast of Spain is analyzed in a case study to assess the proposed optimal MCDM-based approach. Conventional diesel-based equipment, solar PV power plants, and direct grid connection, as well as three water storage systems––direct pumping, seasonal storage, and annual storage––are identified as potential energy sources and water storage options, respectively. Characterization and visualization of these energy and water storage systems, as well as prioritized option results, are also discussed herein.
Alvaro Rubio-Aliaga; M. Socorro García-Cascales; Juan Miguel Sánchez-Lozano; Angel Molina-Garcia. MCDM-based multidimensional approach for selection of optimal groundwater pumping systems: Design and case example. Renewable Energy 2020, 163, 213 -224.
AMA StyleAlvaro Rubio-Aliaga, M. Socorro García-Cascales, Juan Miguel Sánchez-Lozano, Angel Molina-Garcia. MCDM-based multidimensional approach for selection of optimal groundwater pumping systems: Design and case example. Renewable Energy. 2020; 163 ():213-224.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlvaro Rubio-Aliaga; M. Socorro García-Cascales; Juan Miguel Sánchez-Lozano; Angel Molina-Garcia. 2020. "MCDM-based multidimensional approach for selection of optimal groundwater pumping systems: Design and case example." Renewable Energy 163, no. : 213-224.
Herein, optimal groundwater pumping solutions based on a variety of energy resources and water storage options areestimated and classified. Each energy source and water storage option is first characterized considering energy, economic, and environmental criteria. A multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) process based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is subsequently applied to identify and classify the optimal groundwater pumping solutions under such a multidimensional framework. An aquifer located in the southeast of Spain is analyzed in a case study to assess the proposed optimal MCDM-based approach. Conventional diesel-based equipment, solar PV power plants, and direct grid connection, as well as three water storage systems—direct pumping, seasonal storage, and annual storage—are identified as potential energy sources and water storage options, respectively. Characterization and visualization of these energy and water storage systems, as well as prioritized option results, are also discussed herein.
A. Rubio-Aliaga; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; Angel Molina-Garcia. MCDM-based Multidimensional Approach for Selection of Optimal Groundwater Pumping Systems: Design and Case Example. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleA. Rubio-Aliaga, M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales, J.M. Sanchez-Lozano, Angel Molina-Garcia. MCDM-based Multidimensional Approach for Selection of Optimal Groundwater Pumping Systems: Design and Case Example. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Rubio-Aliaga; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; Angel Molina-Garcia. 2020. "MCDM-based Multidimensional Approach for Selection of Optimal Groundwater Pumping Systems: Design and Case Example." , no. : 1.
The lack of synchronous inertia, associated with the relevant penetration of variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs) into isolated power systems, has increased their vulnerability to strong frequency deviations. In fact, the activation of load shedding schemes is a common practice when an incident occurs, i.e., the outage of a conventional unit. Under this framework, wind power plants should actively contribute to frequency stability and grid reliability. However, the contribution of VSWTs to frequency regulation involves several drawbacks related to their efficiency and equipment wear due to electrical power requirements, rotational speed changes, and subsequently, shaft torque oscillations. As a result, wind energy producers are not usually willing to offer such frequency regulation. In this paper, a new control technique is proposed to optimize the frequency response of wind power plants after a power imbalanced situation. The proposed frequency controller depends on different power system parameters through a linear regression to determine the contribution of wind power plants for each imbalance condition. As a consequence, VSWTs frequency contribution is estimated to minimize their mechanical and electrical efforts, thus reducing their equipment wear. A group of sixty supply-side and imbalance scenarios are simulated and analyzed. Results of the case study are compared to previous proposals. The proposed adaptive control reduces the maximum torque and rotational speed variations while at the same time maintaining similar values of the load shedding program. Extensive results and discussion are included in the paper.
Ana Fernández-Guillamón; Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; Ángel Molina-García; Jose Ignacio Sarasua. An Adaptive Control Scheme for Variable Speed Wind Turbines Providing Frequency Regulation in Isolated Power Systems with Thermal Generation. Energies 2020, 13, 3369 .
AMA StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón, Guillermo Martínez-Lucas, Ángel Molina-García, Jose Ignacio Sarasua. An Adaptive Control Scheme for Variable Speed Wind Turbines Providing Frequency Regulation in Isolated Power Systems with Thermal Generation. Energies. 2020; 13 (13):3369.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón; Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; Ángel Molina-García; Jose Ignacio Sarasua. 2020. "An Adaptive Control Scheme for Variable Speed Wind Turbines Providing Frequency Regulation in Isolated Power Systems with Thermal Generation." Energies 13, no. 13: 3369.
The agricultural sector production in developing countries is highly dependent on rains, being affected by scarcity periods and important water resource reductions in summers. It is very common in countries of the Mediterranean basin that need to pump water for the irrigation of crops, mainly due to the problems of drought and shortage of surface water for irrigation. The water pumping from the subsoil can be then assumed as annual, seasonal or direct, identifying different types of energy sources such as fossil fuels —mainly diesel equipment—, direct supply from grid or PV power plants — isolated or connected to the grid through net-balance system—, which are required to be applied by the agricultural sector. It can be affirmed that the majority of the commercially available water pumps run with electricity generated by Diesel engines and renewables, more specifically photovoltaic (PV) solar technologies, which have become a competitive alternative to pump water with real advantages over traditional fuel-driven generators. However, PV Water Pumping (PVWP) solutions have been marginally implemented; being considered as an electric energy source mainly in remote locations or through hybrid solutions. This paper describes a multidimensional methodology assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping with their potential combinations of aggregated agricultural areas, aquifer depth, and irrigation crop requirements, to determine the optimum or suitable size for future implementation of the most advantageous system, according to the aquifer depth and the water endowment defined. For that, this paper uses the SIMUS method for the assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping, with their potential combinations, by considering specific water aspects of the Spanish studied area (Castilla La Mancha, Spain).
M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Angel Molina-Garcia; Juan Miguel Sanchez-Lozano; Alvaro Rubio-Aliaga; Nolberto Munier. Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method. 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe) 2020, 1 -6.
AMA StyleM. Socorro Garcia-Cascales, Angel Molina-Garcia, Juan Miguel Sanchez-Lozano, Alvaro Rubio-Aliaga, Nolberto Munier. Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method. 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe). 2020; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Angel Molina-Garcia; Juan Miguel Sanchez-Lozano; Alvaro Rubio-Aliaga; Nolberto Munier. 2020. "Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method." 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe) , no. : 1-6.
The agricultural sector production in developing countries is highly dependent on rains, being affected by scarcityperiods and important water resource reductions in summers. It is very common in countries of the Mediterranean basin that need to pump water for the irrigation of crops, mainly due to the problems of drought and shortage of surface water for irrigation. The water pumping from the subsoil can be then assumed as annual, seasonal or direct, identifying different types of energy sources such as fossil fuels —mainly diesel equipment—, direct supply from grid or PV power plants— isolated or connected to the grid through net-balance system—,which are required to be applied by the agricultural sector. It can be affirmed that the majority of the commercially available water pumps run with electricity generated by Diesel engines and renewables, more specifically photovoltaic (PV) solar technologies, which have become a competitive alternative to pump water with real advantages over traditional fuel-driven generators. However, PV Water Pumping (PVWP) solutions have been marginally implemented; being considered as an electric energy source mainly in remote locations or through hybrid solutions. This paper describes a multidimensional methodology assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping with their potential combinations of aggregated agricultural areas, aquifer depth, and irrigation crop requirements, to determine the optimum or suitable size for future implementation of the most advantageous system, according to the aquifer depth and the water endowment defined. For that, this paper uses the SIMUS method for the assessment of the different types of groundwater pumping, with their potential combinations, by considering specific water aspects of the Spanish studied area (Castilla La Mancha, Spain).
M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Angel Molina-Garcia; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; A. Rubio-Aliaga; Nolberto Munier. Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleM. Socorro Garcia-Cascales, Angel Molina-Garcia, J.M. Sanchez-Lozano, A. Rubio-Aliaga, Nolberto Munier. Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Angel Molina-Garcia; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; A. Rubio-Aliaga; Nolberto Munier. 2020. "Assessment of Groundwater Pumping Alternatives for Irrigation Purposes based on the SIMUS Method." , no. : 1.
Nowadays, it can be assured that climate change represents an environmental danger for the planet with irreparable and unpredictable consequences in case both gas emissions as well as fossil fuel dependency does not go down. Population growth and its increasingly concentration in the cities turn these areas into a major consumer of energy, mainly due to the residential and service sector in order to meet the heating and cooling demand. In this scenario of taking advanced of renewable local resources shallow geothermal energy is presented as a renewable resource that can contribute to meet this demand with high energy and gas emissions savings. In this context, this work shows the art-of-state of the energy transition to a renewable energy society in Spain by means of the use of shallow geothermal energy. It proposes a procedure to transform the current fossil fuel consumption into renewable heating and cooling by the use of Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHP). The methodology used is based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and is applied in Murcia Region, Spain. Positive results concerning gas savings emissions are expected converting shallow geothermal energy as an energy transition ally.
Adela Ramos-Escudero; Isabel C. Gil-Garcia; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Angel Molina-Garcia. Shallow Geothermal Potential Impact on the Energy Transition. A Case Study Region of Murcia, Spain. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAdela Ramos-Escudero, Isabel C. Gil-Garcia, M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales, Angel Molina-Garcia. Shallow Geothermal Potential Impact on the Energy Transition. A Case Study Region of Murcia, Spain. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdela Ramos-Escudero; Isabel C. Gil-Garcia; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Angel Molina-Garcia. 2020. "Shallow Geothermal Potential Impact on the Energy Transition. A Case Study Region of Murcia, Spain." , no. : 1.
During the past decade, most governments have been promoting energy efficiency programs and the integration of renewable energy sources into the majority of energy uses. Among the diferent sectors, the agricultural sector is becoming a more active participant to reduce fossil fuel dependence and improve environmental sustainability. Indeed, agriculture usually combines both a high energy demand and water problems associated with over-exploited aquifers, providing great potential and remarkable opportunities to change the energy mix and maximize the use and integration of natural resources in a rational way. Considering this framework, the present paper describes and compares the solar resource integration and its effects on agricultural pumping purposes in two Mediterranean countries, Spain and Morocco, with significant differences in terms of energy mix, climatic conditions and energy policies. As a novel contribution in this paper, we propose the use of GIS to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of the solar resource through real data of both locations, as well as to study groundwater resources. With this aim, two technical proposals for irrigation purposes are compared in terms of environmental benefits, CO2 emissions and agriculture energy model changes: diesel equipment and photovoltaic system. Results based on solar radiation resource, pumping requirements and aquifer depth are included in the paper.
A. Rubio-Aliaga; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Mabrouk Benhamou; Angel Molina-Garcia. GIS Based Solar Resource Analysis for Irrigation Purposes: Rural Areas Comparison under Groundwater Scarcity Conditions. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleA. Rubio-Aliaga, J.M. Sanchez-Lozano, M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales, Mabrouk Benhamou, Angel Molina-Garcia. GIS Based Solar Resource Analysis for Irrigation Purposes: Rural Areas Comparison under Groundwater Scarcity Conditions. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Rubio-Aliaga; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; Mabrouk Benhamou; Angel Molina-Garcia. 2020. "GIS Based Solar Resource Analysis for Irrigation Purposes: Rural Areas Comparison under Groundwater Scarcity Conditions." , no. : 1.
Nowadays, the agriculture sector presents relevant opportunities to integrate renewable energy sources as an alternative solution to mitigate fossil-fuel dependence and decrease emissions. Moreover, this sector demands a detailed review of energy uses and other factors that are addressed as priority issues in most developed countries. In this framework, groundwater pumping energy requirements for agriculture irrigation emerge as a relevant topic to be improved in terms of power demand. Actually, this demand is currently supplied by diesel equipment solutions, with relevant drawbacks such as: (i) a large energy dependence on fossil fuels for the agricultural sector and (ii) a lack of participation in reducingCO 2 emissions.This paper proposes a multidimensional characterization to evaluate photovoltaic (PV) solar energy integration intogroundwater pumping requirements. Alternative solutions are compared under economic, energy and environmentalaspects; thus providing an extensive scenario where the considerable influence of multiple factors such as water needs, irrigation area or aquifer depth are explicitly considered. Extensive results based on a real Spanish aquifer and discussion about the solutions are also included in the paper.
A. Rubio-Aliaga; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; Angel Molina-Garcia. Multidimensional Analysis of Groundwater Pumping for Irrigation Purposes: Economic, Energy and Environmental Characterization for PV Power Plant Integration. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleA. Rubio-Aliaga, M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales, J.M. Sanchez-Lozano, Angel Molina-Garcia. Multidimensional Analysis of Groundwater Pumping for Irrigation Purposes: Economic, Energy and Environmental Characterization for PV Power Plant Integration. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Rubio-Aliaga; M. Socorro Garcia-Cascales; J.M. Sanchez-Lozano; Angel Molina-Garcia. 2020. "Multidimensional Analysis of Groundwater Pumping for Irrigation Purposes: Economic, Energy and Environmental Characterization for PV Power Plant Integration." , no. : 1.
The relevant integration of wind power into the grid has involved a remarkable impact on power system operation, mainly in terms of security and reliability due to the inherent loss of the rotational inertia as a consequence of such new generation units decoupled from the grid. In these weak scenarios, the contribution of wind turbines to frequency control is considered as a suitable solution to improve system stability. With regard to frequency response analysis and grid stability, most contributions introduce wind control discuss generation tripping for isolated power systems under arbitrary power imbalance conditions. Frequency response is then analyzed for hypothetical imbalances usually ranged between 5% and 20%, and assuming averaged energy schedule scenarios. In this paper, a more realistic framework is proposed to evaluate frequency deviations by including high wind power integration. With this aim, unit commitment schemes and frequency load shedding are considered in this work for frequency response analysis under high wind power penetration. The Gran Canaria Island’s isolated power system (Spain) is used for evaluation purposes. Results provide a variety of influences from wind frequency control depending not only on the wind power integration, but also the generation units under operation, the rotational inertia reductions as well as the available reserves from each resource, aspects that have not been addressed previously in the specific literature to evaluate frequency excursions under high wind power integration.
Ana Fernández-Guillamón; José Ignacio Sarasúa; Manuel Chazarra; Antonio Vigueras-Rodríguez; Daniel Fernández Muñoz; Ángel Molina-García. Frequency control analysis based on unit commitment schemes with high wind power integration: A Spanish isolated power system case study. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 2020, 121, 106044 .
AMA StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón, José Ignacio Sarasúa, Manuel Chazarra, Antonio Vigueras-Rodríguez, Daniel Fernández Muñoz, Ángel Molina-García. Frequency control analysis based on unit commitment schemes with high wind power integration: A Spanish isolated power system case study. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2020; 121 ():106044.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Fernández-Guillamón; José Ignacio Sarasúa; Manuel Chazarra; Antonio Vigueras-Rodríguez; Daniel Fernández Muñoz; Ángel Molina-García. 2020. "Frequency control analysis based on unit commitment schemes with high wind power integration: A Spanish isolated power system case study." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 121, no. : 106044.
The increasing integration of photovoltaic (PV) power plants into power systems demands a high accuracy of yield prediction and measurement. With this aim, different global horizontal irradiance (GHI) estimations based on new-generation geostationary satellites have been recently proposed, providing a growing number of solutions and databases, mostly available online, in addition to the many ground-based irradiance data installations currently available. According to the specific literature, there is a lack of agreement in validation strategies for a bankable, satellite-derived irradiance dataset. Moreover, different irradiance data sources are compared in recent contributions based on a diversity of arbitrary metrics. Under this framework, this paper describes a characterization of metrics based on a principal component analysis (PCA) application to classify such metrics, aiming to provide non-redundant and complementary information. Therefore, different groups of metrics are identified by applying the PCA process, allowing us to compare, in a more extensive way, different irradiance data sources and exploring and identifying their differences. The methodology has been evaluated using satellite-based and ground-measured GHI data collected for one year in seven different Spanish locations, with a one-hour sample time. Data characterization, results, and a discussion about the suitability of the proposed methodology are also included in the paper.
Maria. C. Bueso; José Miguel Paredes-Parra; Antonio Mateo-Aroca; Angel Molina-García. A Characterization of Metrics for Comparing Satellite-Based and Ground-Measured Global Horizontal Irradiance Data: A Principal Component Analysis Application. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2454 .
AMA StyleMaria. C. Bueso, José Miguel Paredes-Parra, Antonio Mateo-Aroca, Angel Molina-García. A Characterization of Metrics for Comparing Satellite-Based and Ground-Measured Global Horizontal Irradiance Data: A Principal Component Analysis Application. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2454.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria. C. Bueso; José Miguel Paredes-Parra; Antonio Mateo-Aroca; Angel Molina-García. 2020. "A Characterization of Metrics for Comparing Satellite-Based and Ground-Measured Global Horizontal Irradiance Data: A Principal Component Analysis Application." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2454.