Critical infrastructure, such as transport networks, energy facilities, and urban installations, is increasingly vulnerable to natural hazards and climate change. Remote sensing technologies, namely satellite imagery, offer solutions for monitoring, evaluating, and enhancing the resilience of these vital assets. This paper explores how applications based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical satellite imagery contribute to the protection of critical infrastructure by enabling near real-time monitoring and early detection of natural hazards for actionable insights across various European critical infrastructure sectors. Case studies demonstrate the integration of remote sensing data into geographic information systems (GISs) for promoting situational awareness, risk assessment, and predictive modeling of natural disasters. These include floods, landslides, wildfires, and earthquakes. Accordingly, this study underlines the role of remote sensing in supporting long-term infrastructure planning and climate adaptation strategies. The presented work supports the goals of the European Union (EU-HORIZON)-sponsored ATLANTIS project, which focuses on strengthening the resilience of critical EU infrastructures by providing authorities and civil protection services with effective tools for managing natural hazards.

Forest fires, exacerbated by the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, remain a pressing concern. Developing effective forest fire emergency management systems is paramount to mitigate the impacts of future events. The SAFERS project (Structured Approaches for Forest fire Emergencies in Resilient Societies) addresses this challenge by proposing a modular and comprehensive Emergency Management System (EMS) encompassing all phases of the emergency management cycle. The main backbone of SAFERS is composed of Intelligent Services (ISs) linked with a web-based platform allowing data visualization and end-user interactions. These services integrate diverse data sources, including Earth Observation data, meteorological forecasts, and crowdsourced information. Through advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms, the ISs enable early warnings, rapid fire detection, propagation prediction, postevent assessment, and monitoring of soil recovery. This work focuses on these services and on the methodologies applied within SAFERS to enhance decision-making capabilities, facilitate effective response strategies, and promote resilience in the face of forest fire emergencies.