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Rocío Palomo-Carrión
Pediatric Unit, Hemi-Child-Research (GIFTO), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain

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Journal article
Published: 30 August 2021 in Children
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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a clinical diagnosis based on a combination of clinical and neurological signs, which occurs between the ages of 12 and 24 months. Cerebral palsy or a high risk of cerebral palsy can be accurately predicted before 5–6 months, which is the corrected age. This would allow the initiation of intervention at an early stage. Parents must be more involved in the development and implementation of the early therapy, increasing opportunities for parent–child interaction. The aim of this study was to learn from the perspectives of families with children under 12 months with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP), what ingredients (barriers and facilitators) should be involved in early intervention so that we could co-design (researchers and families) a multidisciplinary guideline for a global intervention addressed to the needs of the child and the family. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at a time and venue convenient for the families. A total of ten families with experience in early intervention were invited to attend the interview with open questions: (1) What components should early intervention have for a baby diagnosed with UCP? (2) What components should early intervention have for the family? (3) What should the involvement of the family be in early intervention? (4) What barriers included in early intervention should be removed? From the data analysis, three key topics emerged and were subsequently named by focus group participants: (1) UCP early intervention components, (2) family involvement in early intervention of UCP, and (3) removing barriers and creating facilitators within early intervention. The participation of the families (mothers) in the co-design of the necessary ingredients within the scope of a multidisciplinary early intervention guide aimed at children with UCP under 12 months allows learning about their reality and not that of the therapist. The following list highlights the present barriers as perceived by the parents: intervention as spectators, therapeutic goals, clinic environment, and lack of empathy, and the possible facilitators determined by the parents during the implementation comprised teamwork, the family’s goals, motivation during the intervention, and learning at home. Thus, an early intervention program to improve global functionality should address family involvement through multidisciplinary coaching and the modification of the environment, encouraging family goals and family support through the family–therapist team.

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Helena Romay-Barrero; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Purificación López-Muñoz; Inés Martínez-Galán. Early Intervention in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: Let’s Listen to the Families! What Are Their Desires and Perspectives? A Preliminary Family-Researcher Co-Design Study. Children 2021, 8, 750 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Helena Romay-Barrero, Elena Pinero-Pinto, Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo, Purificación López-Muñoz, Inés Martínez-Galán. Early Intervention in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: Let’s Listen to the Families! What Are Their Desires and Perspectives? A Preliminary Family-Researcher Co-Design Study. Children. 2021; 8 (9):750.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Helena Romay-Barrero; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Purificación López-Muñoz; Inés Martínez-Galán. 2021. "Early Intervention in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: Let’s Listen to the Families! What Are Their Desires and Perspectives? A Preliminary Family-Researcher Co-Design Study." Children 8, no. 9: 750.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2021 in Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease
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Children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) receive different treatments, including the application of modified constraint induced movement therapy (mCIMT) or bimanual intensive therapy (BIT) to increase affected upper limb functionality. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two protocols with different proportions and orders of mCIMT/BIT within combined intensive home-therapy in children with USCP (6–8 years old) with high bimanual functional performance, applied by the family. The protocols were performed on 20 children with an average age of 7.12 years [standard deviation (SD): 0.70], allocated to two different combined therapies. The protocols were designed by 100 h of dose for 10 weeks: 80 h of mCIMT followed by 20 h of BIT (mCIMT-B group) and 80 h of BIT followed by 20 h of mCIMT (BIT-mCI group). Bimanual functional performance was measured with Assisting Hand Assessment Scale (AHA) and the affected upper limb-use experience with Children’s Hand-use Experience Questionnaire (CHEQ). Parent satisfaction and expectations with therapy were measured using a specific questionnaire. There were five assessment timepoints (week 0, week 4, week 8, week 10 and week 34). There were no statistically significant (p > 0.05) inter- and intra-group changes in the bimanual functional performance of both groups. The affected upper limb-use experience obtained significant changes in BIT-mCI group, with statistically significant differences in the pairwise comparisons between week 0–10 and week 4–10 (p = 0.028) for use of the affected hand and the use of the affected hand to grasp between week 4 and week 8 (p = 0.028). Grasp efficacy and discomfort acquired statistically significant differences only in the BIT-mCI group for pairwise comparisons week 0–week 10/week 4–week 10 (p = 0.035). Although task execution time compared with a typically developing child of the same age obtained statistically significant differences only in the group mCIMT-B for pairwise comparisons week 0–week 8 (p = 0.03), week 0–week 10 (p = 0.03), week 4–week 8 (p = 0.04) and week 4–week 10 (p = 0.03). Family satisfaction and expectations acquired an increase between week 0 and week 10 (p ⩽ 0.02). Applying 80 h of BIT for 8 weeks in children with high bimanual functional performance USCP (6–8 years old), executed at home with family involvement would be sufficient to obtain improvements in affected upper limb-use experience, without the need to use combined protocols of 100 h. However, no statistically significant increase in bimanual functional performance would be obtained, with the basal situation of the child being a factor to consider for the execution of mCIMT and BIT. Registration number and name of trial registry: [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03465046]

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Cristina Lirio-Romero; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Patricia Jovellar-Isiegas; María-Dolores Cortés-Vega; Helena Romay-Barrero. Combined intensive therapies at home in spastic unilateral cerebral palsy with high bimanual functional performance. What do they offer? A comparative randomised clinical trial. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 2021, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Cristina Lirio-Romero, Asunción Ferri-Morales, Patricia Jovellar-Isiegas, María-Dolores Cortés-Vega, Helena Romay-Barrero. Combined intensive therapies at home in spastic unilateral cerebral palsy with high bimanual functional performance. What do they offer? A comparative randomised clinical trial. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease. 2021; 12 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Cristina Lirio-Romero; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Patricia Jovellar-Isiegas; María-Dolores Cortés-Vega; Helena Romay-Barrero. 2021. "Combined intensive therapies at home in spastic unilateral cerebral palsy with high bimanual functional performance. What do they offer? A comparative randomised clinical trial." Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 12, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2021 in Children
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Infantile hemiparesis may be associated with significant morbidity and may have a profound impact on a child’s physical and social development. Infantile hemiparesis is associated with motor dysfunction as well as additional neurologic impairments, including sensory loss, mental retardation, epilepsy, and vision, hearing, or speech impairments. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between the cause of infantile hemiparesis and birth (gestational age), age of diagnosis, and associated disorders present in children with infantile hemiparesis aged 0 to 3 years. An observational and cross-sectional study was performed. A simple and anonymous questionnaire was created ad hoc for parents of children diagnosed with infantile hemiparesis aged between 0 and 3 years about the situation regarding the diagnosis of hemiparesis, birth, cause of hemiparesis, and presence of other associated disorders. Perinatal stroke (60.1%) was the most common cause of hemiparesis, and the most typical associated disorder was epilepsy (34.2%), with the second largest percentage in this dimension corresponding to an absence of associated disorders (20.7%). The most frequent birth was “no premature” (74.1%). The mean age of diagnosis of infantile hemiparesis was registered at 8 months (IQR: 0–36). Knowing the possible association between different conditioning factors and the cause of infantile hemiparesis facilitates the prevention of severe sequelae in children and family, implementing an early comprehensive therapeutic approach in children with infantile hemiparesis.

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Rita Romero-Galisteo; Helena Romay-Barrero; Inés Martínez-Galán; Cristina Lirio-Romero; Elena Pinero-Pinto. How Does the Cause of Infantile Hemiparesis Influence Other Conditioning Factors? A Preliminary Study in a Spanish Population. Children 2021, 8, 323 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Rita Romero-Galisteo, Helena Romay-Barrero, Inés Martínez-Galán, Cristina Lirio-Romero, Elena Pinero-Pinto. How Does the Cause of Infantile Hemiparesis Influence Other Conditioning Factors? A Preliminary Study in a Spanish Population. Children. 2021; 8 (5):323.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Rita Romero-Galisteo; Helena Romay-Barrero; Inés Martínez-Galán; Cristina Lirio-Romero; Elena Pinero-Pinto. 2021. "How Does the Cause of Infantile Hemiparesis Influence Other Conditioning Factors? A Preliminary Study in a Spanish Population." Children 8, no. 5: 323.

Journal article
Published: 02 February 2021 in Journal of Clinical Medicine
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Aging processes in the musculoskeletal system lead to functional impairments that restrict participation. Purpose: To assess differences in the force and motor recruitment patterns of shoulder muscles between age groups to understand functional disorders. A cross-sectional study comparing 30 adults (20–64) and 30 older adults (>65). Surface electromyography (sEMG) of the middle deltoid, upper and lower trapezius, infraspinatus, and serratus anterior muscles was recorded. Maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) was determined at 45° glenohumeral abduction. For the sEMG signal registration, concentric and eccentric contraction with and without 1 kg and isometric contraction were requested. Participants abducted the arm from 0° up to an abduction angle of 135° for concentric and eccentric contraction, and from 0° to 45°, and remained there at 80% of the MIVC level while isometrically pushing against a handheld dynamometer. Differences in sEMG amplitudes (root mean square, RMS) of all contractions, but also onset latencies during concentric contraction of each muscle between age groups, were analyzed. Statistical differences in strength (Adults > Older adults; 0.05) existed between groups. No significant differences in RMS values of dynamic contractions were detected, except for the serratus anterior, but there were for isometric contractions of all muscles analyzed (Adults > Older adults; 0.05). The recruitment order varied between age groups, showing a general tendency towards delayed onset times in older adults, except for the upper trapezius muscle. Age differences in muscle recruitment patterns were found, which underscores the importance of developing musculoskeletal data to prevent and guide geriatric shoulder pathologies.

ACS Style

Cristina Lirio-Romero; Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Helena Romay-Barrero; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Virginia Prieto-Gómez; María Torres-Lacomba. Age Differences in Motor Recruitment Patterns of the Shoulder in Dynamic and Isometric Contractions. A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021, 10, 525 .

AMA Style

Cristina Lirio-Romero, Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Helena Romay-Barrero, Asunción Ferri-Morales, Virginia Prieto-Gómez, María Torres-Lacomba. Age Differences in Motor Recruitment Patterns of the Shoulder in Dynamic and Isometric Contractions. A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10 (3):525.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Lirio-Romero; Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Helena Romay-Barrero; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Virginia Prieto-Gómez; María Torres-Lacomba. 2021. "Age Differences in Motor Recruitment Patterns of the Shoulder in Dynamic and Isometric Contractions. A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 3: 525.

Protocol
Published: 25 January 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The movements of the affected upper limb in infantile hemiplegia are slower and clumsy. This leads to a decrease in the use of the affected hand. The visual effect obtained using the mirror box and the observation of actions in another individual can activate the same structural neuronal cells responsible for the execution of these actions. This research will study the affected upper limb functionality in hemiplegia infantile from 6 to 12 years old after the application of two intervention protocols: observation action therapy and mirror therapy combined with observation action therapy. Children with a diagnose of congenital infantile hemiplegia will be recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial with two intervention protocols during four weeks (1 h per/day; 5 sessions per/week): Mirror Therapy Action Observation (MTAO) or Action Observation Therapy (AOT). The study variables will be: spontaneous use, measured with the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA); manual ability measured with the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT); surface electromyography of the flexors and extensors muscles of the wrist and grasp strength through a grip dynamometer. Four assessments will be performed: At baseline situation, at the end of treatment, 3 and 6 months after treatment (follow-up assessments). This study will study the effects of these therapies on the use of the affected upper limb in children with hemiplegia.

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Juan Zuil-Escobar; Myriam Cabrera-Guerra; Paloma Barreda-Martínez; Carmen Martínez-Cepa. Mirror Therapy and Action Observation Therapy to Increase the Affected Upper Limb Functionality in Children with Hemiplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1051 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Juan Zuil-Escobar, Myriam Cabrera-Guerra, Paloma Barreda-Martínez, Carmen Martínez-Cepa. Mirror Therapy and Action Observation Therapy to Increase the Affected Upper Limb Functionality in Children with Hemiplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):1051.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Juan Zuil-Escobar; Myriam Cabrera-Guerra; Paloma Barreda-Martínez; Carmen Martínez-Cepa. 2021. "Mirror Therapy and Action Observation Therapy to Increase the Affected Upper Limb Functionality in Children with Hemiplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1051.

Research article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease
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Background: The capacity of children with hemiplegia to be engaged in anticipatory action planning is affected. There is no balance among spatial, proprioceptive and visual information, thus altering the affected upper limb visuomotor coordination. The objective of the present study was to assess the improvement in visuomotor coordination after the application of a unimanual intensive therapy program, with the use of unaffected hand containment compared with not using unaffected hand containment. Methods: A simple blind randomized clinical trial was realized. A total of 16 subjects with congenital infantile hemiplegia participated in the study with an age mean of 5.54 years old (SD:1.55). Two intensive protocols for 5 weeks of modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) or unimanual therapy without containment (UTWC) were executed 5 days per week (2 h/day). Affected upper limb visuomotor coordination (reaction time, task total time, active range, dynamic grasp) was measured before–after intensive therapy using a specific circuit with different slopes (10°/15°). Results: Statistically significant inter-group differences were found after the intervention, with clinically relevant results for the mCIMT group not seen in UTWC, in the following variables: reaction time 10°slope ( p = 0.003, d = 2.44), reaction time 15°slope ( p = 0.002, d = 2.15) as well as for the task total time 10°slope ( p = 0.002, d = 2.25), active reach 10°slope ( p = 0.002, d = 2.7), active reach 15°slope ( p = 0.003, d = 2.29) and dynamic grasp 10°/15°slopes ( p = Conclusions: The use of unaffected hand containment in mCIMT would allow improvements in the affected upper limb’s visuomotor coordination. Thus, it would favor clinical practice to make decisions on therapeutic approaches to increase the affected upper limb functionality and action planning in children diagnosed with infantile hemiplegia (4–8 years old).

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban; Sara Ando-La Fuente; Purificación López-Muñoz; Inés Martínez-Galán; Helena Romay-Barrero. Efficacy of the use of unaffected hand containment in unimanual intensive therapy to increase visuomotor coordination in children with hemiplegia: a randomized controlled pilot study. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 2021, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban, Sara Ando-La Fuente, Purificación López-Muñoz, Inés Martínez-Galán, Helena Romay-Barrero. Efficacy of the use of unaffected hand containment in unimanual intensive therapy to increase visuomotor coordination in children with hemiplegia: a randomized controlled pilot study. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease. 2021; 12 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban; Sara Ando-La Fuente; Purificación López-Muñoz; Inés Martínez-Galán; Helena Romay-Barrero. 2021. "Efficacy of the use of unaffected hand containment in unimanual intensive therapy to increase visuomotor coordination in children with hemiplegia: a randomized controlled pilot study." Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 12, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2020 in Children
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Modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is efficient at improving upper limb non-use. The experiences of families and children with mCIMT could allow researchers to understand how it influences their day-to-day life and to improve the function of the affected upper limb without altering family life and avoiding frustration. In this qualitative study, we aimed to collect the experiences of parents and their children (aged 4–8 years) who did mCIMT at home regarding the application of low-intensity modified constraint-induced movement therapy to improve the affected upper limb functionality in infantile hemiplegia with moderate manual ability. Individual semi-structured interviews were performed to obtain insights into their experience with mCIMT. The experiences of parents and children were described in thematic sections. Eight children with hemiplegia (six years, standard deviation, SD: 1.77) and their parents were asked about their experiences after applying 50 h of mCIMT at home. Three main themes emerged from the children’s interview data: (1) the experience of wearing the containment in the modified constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) intervention, (2) the reaction to performing the therapy at home with his/her family, and (3) learning of the affected upper limb. In the parents’ interview data, there were two main themes: (1) the difficulty of executing an intensive therapy protocol (mCIMT: 50 h) at home and (2) the feeling of not wanting to finish the intervention. The experiences of the parents and their children regarding mCIMT allowed us to understand the facilitators and barriers that affect the execution of mCIMT at home, and this understanding allows us to improve its future application.

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Helena Romay-Barrero; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Purificación López-Muñoz; Inés Martínez-Galán. Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy at Home—Is It Possible? Families and Children’s Experience. Children 2020, 7, 248 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Helena Romay-Barrero, Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo, Elena Pinero-Pinto, Purificación López-Muñoz, Inés Martínez-Galán. Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy at Home—Is It Possible? Families and Children’s Experience. Children. 2020; 7 (11):248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Helena Romay-Barrero; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Purificación López-Muñoz; Inés Martínez-Galán. 2020. "Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy at Home—Is It Possible? Families and Children’s Experience." Children 7, no. 11: 248.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: Inappropriate posture in children while playing some string instruments can cause back pain and alterations of the spine. To date, there is no research on the effect of exercise on children who play a musical instrument, although it is known that transversus abdominis muscle control through the Pilates method has shown pain reduction and posture improvement in this population. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the Pilates method combined with therapeutic exercise with respect to therapeutic exercise exclusively in reducing pain and improving postural alignment in children playing string instruments applying a protocol of low dose to increase children’s adherence to training. Methods: A randomized controlled pilot study was designed with two parallel intervention groups. Twenty-five children (10–14 years old) were randomized in two intervention groups: Pilates method with therapeutic exercise (experimental) and therapeutic exercise (control) for 4 weeks (50 min per day, one day per week). Two assessments were performed (before and after treatment) to assess back pain and shoulders and hips alignment using a visual analog scale and the Kinovea program. Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained for pain reduction before (p = 0.04) and after (p = 0.01) playing the instrument in the experimental group. There were no significant changes in alignment improvement in any of the two groups. Conclusion: The application of a low dose of the Pilates method combined with therapeutic exercise could be a beneficial intervention for pain reduction before and after musical practice in children who play string instruments.

ACS Style

Carolina Poncela-Skupien; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Carmen Martínez-Cepa; Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar; Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Rocío Palomo-Carrión. How does the Execution of the Pilates Method and Therapeutic Exercise Influence Back Pain and Postural Alignment in Children Who Play String Instruments? A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7436 .

AMA Style

Carolina Poncela-Skupien, Elena Pinero-Pinto, Carmen Martínez-Cepa, Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar, Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo, Rocío Palomo-Carrión. How does the Execution of the Pilates Method and Therapeutic Exercise Influence Back Pain and Postural Alignment in Children Who Play String Instruments? A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (20):7436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carolina Poncela-Skupien; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Carmen Martínez-Cepa; Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar; Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Rocío Palomo-Carrión. 2020. "How does the Execution of the Pilates Method and Therapeutic Exercise Influence Back Pain and Postural Alignment in Children Who Play String Instruments? A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20: 7436.

Journal article
Published: 19 September 2020 in Journal of Clinical Medicine
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The abilities of children diagnosed with Obstetric Brachial Palsy (OBP) are limited by brachial plexus injuries. Thus, their participation in the community is hindered, which involves a lower quality of life due to worse performance in activities of daily living as a consequence of the functional limitations of the affected upper limb. Conventional Mirror Therapy (Conventional MT) and Virtual Therapy improve the affected upper limb functionality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of Conventional MT and Virtual Reality MT on the spontaneous use of the affected upper limb and quality of life of children with upper Obstetric Brachial Palsy between 6 and 12 years of age. A randomized pilot study was performed. Twelve children were randomly assigned to perform Conventional Mirror Therapy or Virtual Reality Mirror Therapy for four weeks. Ten children completed the treatment. Two assessments (pre/post-intervention) were carried out to assess the spontaneous use of the affected upper limb and the quality of life using the Children’s Hand-use Experience Questionnaire (CHEQ) and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scales (PedsQL TM 4.0), respectively. There was a statistically significant increment in spontaneous use, observed in independent tasks (p = 0.02) and in the use of the affected hand with grasp (p = 0.04), measured with the CHEQ, for the Virtual Reality MT group. There were no statistically significant changes (p > 0.05) for the Conventional MT group in the spontaneous use of the affected upper limb. Regarding the quality of life, statistically significant changes were obtained in the Physical and Health activity categories of the parents’ questionnaire (p = 0.03) and in the total score of the children’s questionnaire (p = 0.04) in the Virtual Reality MT group, measured using the PedsQL TM 4.0. Statistically significant changes were not obtained for the quality of life in the Conventional MT group. This study suggests that, compared to Conventional MT, Virtual Reality MT would be a home-based therapeutic complement to increase independent bimanual tasks using grasp in the affected upper limb and improve the quality of life of children diagnosed with upper OBP in the age range of 6–12 years.

ACS Style

Alba Yeves-Lite; Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar; Carmen Martínez-Cepa; Helena Romay-Barrero; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Rocío Palomo-Carrión. Conventional and Virtual Reality Mirror Therapies in Upper Obstetric Brachial Palsy: A Randomized Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, 9, 3021 .

AMA Style

Alba Yeves-Lite, Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar, Carmen Martínez-Cepa, Helena Romay-Barrero, Asunción Ferri-Morales, Rocío Palomo-Carrión. Conventional and Virtual Reality Mirror Therapies in Upper Obstetric Brachial Palsy: A Randomized Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9 (9):3021.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alba Yeves-Lite; Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar; Carmen Martínez-Cepa; Helena Romay-Barrero; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Rocío Palomo-Carrión. 2020. "Conventional and Virtual Reality Mirror Therapies in Upper Obstetric Brachial Palsy: A Randomized Pilot Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 3021.

Journal article
Published: 16 September 2020 in Journal of Clinical Medicine
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Children with hemiplegia have lower spontaneous use and quality of movement in the affected upper limb. The modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is applied to improve the affected upper limb function. The objective of this study was to study the efficacy of unaffected hand containment to obtain changes in the function of the affected upper limb after applying two unimanual therapies. A randomized controlled pilot study was performed with 16 children diagnosed with congenital infantile hemiplegia, with eight children randomized in each group (average age: 5.54 years; SD: 1.55). mCIMT and unimanual therapy without containment (UTWC) were applied, with a total of 50 h distributed in five weeks (two h/per day). Two assessments were performed (pre- and post-treatment) to evaluate the affected upper limb spontaneous use, measured with the Shiners Hospital Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE), and the quality of movement, measured with the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST scale). The progression of the variables was different in both groups. The results are expressed in the median of the improvement percent and interquartile range (IQR). The spontaneous use analysis showed an improvement percent of 31.65 (IQR: 2.33, 110.42) in the mCIMT group with respect to 0.00 (IQR: 0.00, 0.00) in the UTWC group. The quality of movement increased in the mCIMT and UTWC groups, 24.21 (IQR: 13.44, 50.39), 1.34 (IQR: 0.00, 4.75), respectively and the greatest increase was obtained in the grasp variable for both groups. The use of unaffected hand containment in mCIMT would produce improvements in the affected upper limb functionality in children with hemiplegia (4–8 years old) compared to the same protocol without containment (UTWC).

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Sara Ando-LaFuente; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban; Helena Romay-Barrero. Unimanual Intensive Therapy with or without Unaffected Hand Containment in Children with Hemiplegia. A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2020, 9, 2992 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Elena Pinero-Pinto, Sara Ando-LaFuente, Asunción Ferri-Morales, Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban, Helena Romay-Barrero. Unimanual Intensive Therapy with or without Unaffected Hand Containment in Children with Hemiplegia. A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9 (9):2992.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Sara Ando-LaFuente; Asunción Ferri-Morales; Elisabeth Bravo-Esteban; Helena Romay-Barrero. 2020. "Unimanual Intensive Therapy with or without Unaffected Hand Containment in Children with Hemiplegia. A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 2992.

Journal article
Published: 04 September 2020 in Children
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Objective: To assess the functionality of the affected upper limb in children diagnosed with hemiplegia aged between 4 and 8 years after applying low-intensity modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT). Methods: Prospective case series study. A mCIMT protocol was applied for five weeks, with two hours of containment per day. The study variables were quality of movement of the upper limb, spontaneous use, participation of the affected upper limb in activities of daily living, dynamic joint position, grasp–release action, grasp strength, supination and extension elbow movements. Four measurements were performed, using the quality of upper extremity test (QUEST) scale, the Shriners Hospital for Children Upper Extremity Evaluation (SHUEE) Evaluation, a hand dynamometer and a goniometer. Results: The sample was composed of eight children with moderate manual ability. Statistically significant differences were detected in all the studied variables (p < 0.05) between the pre-treatment and post–treatment results (Week 0–Week 5), except for upper limb dressing, putting on splints and buttoning up. In the first week, the changes were statistically significant, except for protective extension, grasp strength, grasp–release and all functional variables (level of functionality and participation of the patient’s upper limbs) in the SHUEE Evaluation (p > 0.05). The greatest increase occurred in spontaneous use from Assessment 1 to Assessment 4 (p = 0.01), reaching 88.87% active participation in bimanual tasks. The quality of movement of the upper limb exhibited a significant value due to the increase in dissociated movements and grasp (p = 0.01). Conclusion: A low dose (50 h) of mCIMT increased the functionality of children diagnosed with congenital hemiplegia between 4 and 8 years of age with moderate manual ability.

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Purificación López-Muñoz; Helena Romay-Barrero; Francisco José. Application of Low-Intensity Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy to Improve the Affected Upper Limb Functionality in Infantile Hemiplegia with Moderate Manual Ability: Case Series. Children 2020, 7, 127 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo, Elena Pinero-Pinto, Purificación López-Muñoz, Helena Romay-Barrero, Francisco José. Application of Low-Intensity Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy to Improve the Affected Upper Limb Functionality in Infantile Hemiplegia with Moderate Manual Ability: Case Series. Children. 2020; 7 (9):127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Elena Pinero-Pinto; Purificación López-Muñoz; Helena Romay-Barrero; Francisco José. 2020. "Application of Low-Intensity Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy to Improve the Affected Upper Limb Functionality in Infantile Hemiplegia with Moderate Manual Ability: Case Series." Children 7, no. 9: 127.

Preprint
Published: 17 July 2020
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Objective: To assess the functionality of the affected upper limb in children diagnosed with hemiplegia aged between 4 and 8 years after applying low-intensity modified constraint-induced movement therapy(mCIMT). Methods: Prospective case series study. A mCIMT protocol was applied for five weeks, with two hours of containment per day. The study variables were: quality of movement of the upper limb, spontaneous use, participation of the affected upper limb in activities of daily living, dynamic joint position, grasp-release action, grasp strength, supination and extension elbow movements. Four measurements were performed, using the QUEST scale, the SHUEE Evaluation, a hand dynamometer and a goniometer. Results: The sample was composed of 8 children with moderate manual ability. Statistically significant differences were detected in all the studied variables (p<0.05). The greatest increase occurred in spontaneous use from assessment 1-4 (p = 0.01), reaching 88.87% active participation in bimanual tasks. The quality of movement of the upper limb obtained a significant value due to the increase in dissociated movements and grasp (p = 0.01). Conclusion: A low dose (50 hours) of mCIMT increased the functionality of children diagnosed with congenital hemiplegia between 4 and 8 years of age with moderate manual ability.

ACS Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Elena Piñero-Pinto; Purificación López-Muñoz; Helena Romay-Barrero; Francisco García-Muro. Application of Low-Intensity Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy to Improve the Affecter Upper Limb Functionality in Infantile Hemiplegia with Moderate Manual Ability. Case Series. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión, Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo, Elena Piñero-Pinto, Purificación López-Muñoz, Helena Romay-Barrero, Francisco García-Muro. Application of Low-Intensity Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy to Improve the Affecter Upper Limb Functionality in Infantile Hemiplegia with Moderate Manual Ability. Case Series. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Palomo-Carrión; Rita-Pilar Romero-Galisteo; Elena Piñero-Pinto; Purificación López-Muñoz; Helena Romay-Barrero; Francisco García-Muro. 2020. "Application of Low-Intensity Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy to Improve the Affecter Upper Limb Functionality in Infantile Hemiplegia with Moderate Manual Ability. Case Series." , no. : 1.