Lower-cost thermoelectrics: Thermoelectric materials convert heat to electricity, making them attractive for heat harvesting or cooling applications. However, many high-performance thermoelectrics are made of expensive or toxic materials. He et al. found that a material composed of primarily tin and sulfur could be optimized to have relatively good thermoelectric properties. Introducing about 10% selenium to tin sulfide helped tune these properties by electronic band manipulation. This material is a step toward more earth-abundant, less toxic, and lower-cost thermoelectrics than the telluride-based materials currently in use. Science , this issue p. 1418
Fe2O3 nanorods exposing (001) and (010) plane as well as Fe2O3 nanosheets exposing (001) plane have been successfully synthesized. Fe2O3 nanosheets exhibit better cycle performance and rate capabilities than that of Fe2O3 nanorods. The discharge capacity of Fe2O3 nanosheets can stabilize at 865 mAh/g at the rate of 0.2 C (1C = 1000 mA/g) and 570 mAh/g at the rate of 1.2 C after 80 cycles, which increased by 90% and 79% compared with 456 mAh/g and 318 mAh/g of Fe2O3 nanorods. In comparison with (010) plane, the (001) plane of hematite possesses larger packing density of Fe3+ and O2−, which is responsible for the superior electrochemical performances of Fe2O3 nanosheets than that of Fe2O3 nanorods. In addition, potentiostatic intermittent titration (PITT) results show the diffusion coefficients of Li+ (DLi) of Fe2O3 nanosheets is higher than that of Fe2O3 nanorods. The higher diffusion coefficients of Li+ is favorable for the excellent lithium-storage capabilities and rate capability of Fe2O3 nanosheets. Inspired by our results, we can design and synthesize Fe2O3 or other electrodes with high performances according to their structure features in future.
29 February 2012 in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
A highly ordered interface between LiFePO4 phase and FePO4 phase with staging structure along the a axis and perpendicular to the b axis direction has been observed for the first time, in a partially chemically delithiated Li0.90Nb0.02FePO4 by advanced aberration-corrected annular-bright-field (ABF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM).